棉织物的温敏变色整理
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摘要
目前,可逆热敏变色材料已成为国内外研究的热点,并具有重要的使用价值。本文针对可逆热敏变色材料普遍存在易受外界因素影响的缺点,利用微胶囊技术,将有机热敏变色材料进行微胶囊化,以提高可逆热敏变色材料的变色可逆性,拓宽可逆热敏变色材料的适用范围。
本研究采用原位聚合法,以密胺树脂为壳材,结晶紫内酯-硬脂酸-十四醇有机复配物为芯材,Tween-80为乳化剂,黄原胶水溶液为保护胶体,制备出了有机热敏变色微胶囊。实验研究了乳化剂用量、超声波乳化时间、芯壳比、搅拌速率和反应温度等六个关键因素对微胶囊的粒度及其包裹率的影响。利用生物显微镜(BM)、电子显微镜(SEM)、热重分析仪(TGA)对微胶囊进行了结构表征与性能研究,分析了微胶囊的粒度、包裹率、热稳定性、化学稳定性、机械强度和环境适应性等,探讨了微胶囊结构与性能之间的关系。此外,将热敏变色微胶囊添加到聚丙烯酸酸酯粘合剂中,制备整理液,再对棉织物进行浸渍法整理,得到了可逆热敏变色织物。
研究表明,当乳化剂Tween-80用量为2%、超声波乳化时间为30min、芯壳比为2:1、搅拌速率为720r/min和反应温度为70℃时,制备的微胶囊变色温度为46℃,变色时间25s,复色温度为40℃,复色时间为49s,可逆变色灵敏度K为2.04,可在紫色和浅黄色之间发生可逆变化。结果表明,微胶囊化改善了有机热敏变色材料的可逆变色灵敏性,提高了热稳定性、化学稳定性和环境适应性,具有良好的性能和广阔的应用前景。
Presently, the reversible thermochomic materials have become a hotspot of researching, and have high practical valued. Organic thermal materials were wrapped by microencapsulation method in this paper, which was in order to enhance the flexibility to the outside influence factor and extend the using area.
In this thesis, using melamine resin as the wall materials, the thermochromic composite material crystal violet lactone, stearic acid and tetradecanol as the core materials, Tween-80 as the emulsifying agent, xanthan gum aqueous as the protective colloid, a new thermochromic microcapsule was successfully prepared by In-situ Polymerization. The roles which act on the particle size and embedding efficiency of the microcapsule played by six factors: emulsifier concentration, the time of super ultrasonic, the ratio of core and shell, rotational speed and the temperature of reaction et al. Microstructure and thermochromism performance of the microcapsule are characterized by Biomicroscope, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Thermal Gravimetric Analysis. At the same time, the particle size, embedding efficiency, heat resistance, chemical stability, mechanism resistance and environment resistance of the microcapsule are investigated, and the structure and performance of the microcapsule are also discussed. Then finishing liquors of polyacrylate binder with the microcapsule are prepared, and the thermochromatic cotton fabrics are obtained by dipping method.
The best choice shown by the results is that the mass of emulsifier is 2wt%, super ultrasonic emulsified time is 30min, the ratio of core and shell is 2:1, the rate of stirring is 720r/min and the temperature of reaction is 70℃. The temperature of color changing of the microcapsule is 46℃, while the time of color changing is 25s, and the temperature and the time of color fading are 40℃and 49s, and the reversible sensitivity of color changing is 2.04 respectively. And its color changes reversibly from purple to light yellow. As a conclusion, the reversible sensitivity of color changing, thermal stability, chemical stability and environmental adaptability are improved by microencapsulation and high performances and prospected applications.
本研究采用原位聚合法,以密胺树脂为壳材,结晶紫内酯-硬脂酸-十四醇有机复配物为芯材,Tween-80为乳化剂,黄原胶水溶液为保护胶体,制备出了有机热敏变色微胶囊。实验研究了乳化剂用量、超声波乳化时间、芯壳比、搅拌速率和反应温度等六个关键因素对微胶囊的粒度及其包裹率的影响。利用生物显微镜(BM)、电子显微镜(SEM)、热重分析仪(TGA)对微胶囊进行了结构表征与性能研究,分析了微胶囊的粒度、包裹率、热稳定性、化学稳定性、机械强度和环境适应性等,探讨了微胶囊结构与性能之间的关系。此外,将热敏变色微胶囊添加到聚丙烯酸酸酯粘合剂中,制备整理液,再对棉织物进行浸渍法整理,得到了可逆热敏变色织物。
研究表明,当乳化剂Tween-80用量为2%、超声波乳化时间为30min、芯壳比为2:1、搅拌速率为720r/min和反应温度为70℃时,制备的微胶囊变色温度为46℃,变色时间25s,复色温度为40℃,复色时间为49s,可逆变色灵敏度K为2.04,可在紫色和浅黄色之间发生可逆变化。结果表明,微胶囊化改善了有机热敏变色材料的可逆变色灵敏性,提高了热稳定性、化学稳定性和环境适应性,具有良好的性能和广阔的应用前景。
Presently, the reversible thermochomic materials have become a hotspot of researching, and have high practical valued. Organic thermal materials were wrapped by microencapsulation method in this paper, which was in order to enhance the flexibility to the outside influence factor and extend the using area.
In this thesis, using melamine resin as the wall materials, the thermochromic composite material crystal violet lactone, stearic acid and tetradecanol as the core materials, Tween-80 as the emulsifying agent, xanthan gum aqueous as the protective colloid, a new thermochromic microcapsule was successfully prepared by In-situ Polymerization. The roles which act on the particle size and embedding efficiency of the microcapsule played by six factors: emulsifier concentration, the time of super ultrasonic, the ratio of core and shell, rotational speed and the temperature of reaction et al. Microstructure and thermochromism performance of the microcapsule are characterized by Biomicroscope, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Thermal Gravimetric Analysis. At the same time, the particle size, embedding efficiency, heat resistance, chemical stability, mechanism resistance and environment resistance of the microcapsule are investigated, and the structure and performance of the microcapsule are also discussed. Then finishing liquors of polyacrylate binder with the microcapsule are prepared, and the thermochromatic cotton fabrics are obtained by dipping method.
The best choice shown by the results is that the mass of emulsifier is 2wt%, super ultrasonic emulsified time is 30min, the ratio of core and shell is 2:1, the rate of stirring is 720r/min and the temperature of reaction is 70℃. The temperature of color changing of the microcapsule is 46℃, while the time of color changing is 25s, and the temperature and the time of color fading are 40℃and 49s, and the reversible sensitivity of color changing is 2.04 respectively. And its color changes reversibly from purple to light yellow. As a conclusion, the reversible sensitivity of color changing, thermal stability, chemical stability and environmental adaptability are improved by microencapsulation and high performances and prospected applications.
引文
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