十二烷基甘油醚羧酸盐表面活性剂的合成及性能研究
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摘要
本文主要研究内容如下:
以脂肪醇、环氧氯丙烷、氯乙酸钠等为原料制备一种新型的“绿色”阴离子表面活性剂。实验共分三步:十二烷基缩水甘油醚(AGE)的合成、十二烷基甘油醚羧酸盐的合成、十二烷基甘油醚羧酸盐的一系列性能测定。
1、合成中间产物AGE。分别通过单因素实验和正交实验考察了各因素对反应的影响,找出四个主要影响因素,影响程度大小为n(氢氧化钠):n(十二醇)>反应时间>n(十二醇):n(环氧氯丙烷)>反应温度,在此基础上进行了优化实验,综合考虑得到最佳工艺条件为:n(十二醇):n(氢氧化钠)=1:1.2,反应时间5 h,n(十二醇):n(环氧氯丙烷)=1:1.3,反应温度为50℃,产率可达92.9 %。
2、利用AGE的水解产物和氯乙酸钠合成十二烷基甘油醚羧酸盐。首先通过单因素实验分析各工艺参数对AGE水解反应的影响,得出最佳反应条件为:反应温度65℃,V(AGE):V(水解液)=1:2,反应时间5 h,对甲苯磺酸的浓度为8 %。然后根据单因素和正交实验结果,得到主因素对终产物产率的影响程度为:反应温度>反应时间>反应物物质的量之比,最优工艺参数为n(十二烷基甘油醚):n(氢氧化钠):n(氯乙酸钠)=1:1.6:1.25,反应时间6 h,反应温度为100℃,产率可达86 %以上。
3、测定十二烷基甘油醚羧酸盐的性能,并将其与LAS、AEO7相关性能进行比较,结果表明,其具有良好的降低表面张力、稳泡、润湿、乳化、钙皂分散性能。
Main contents of this article as follows:
With alcohols, epichlorohydrin, chloroacetic acid and sodium for the preparation of a new type of green anionic surfactant, experiments were composed by three steps: synthesis on dodecyl glycidyl ether (AGE), synthesis on dodecyl glycerol ether carboxylate, series of performance measurement of dodecyl glycerol ether carboxylate.
1. Study on intermediates AGE. Respectively, through single-factor experiments and orthogonal experiment, the impacts of various factors on the obtained sequence of four main factors were examined, n (NaOH): n (dodecanol) > reaction time> n (dodecanol): n (epichlorohydrin) >reaction temperature. On this basis, experiment was optimized, the optimum conditions:n(dodecanol):n(NaOH)=1:1.2, reaction time 5 h, n(dodecanol): n(epichlorohydrin) =1:1.3, reaction temperature was 50℃, the yield was up to 92.9%.
2. Study on the hydrolysis of AGE products and chloroacetic acid sodium dodecyl glycerol ether carboxylate. First through the single-factor experimental analysis of various process parameters on the impact of AGE hydrolysis reaction, the optimum reaction conditions: reaction temperature 65℃, V (AGE): V (hydrolyzate) = 1:2, reaction time 5 h, right tosylate concentration of 8%. Then according to the results of single factor and orthogonal experiment, the order of the main factors on the yield of the reaction was: temperature, reaction time, the amount of reactant material ratio. The optimum process parameters for the n (dodecanol ether): n (sodium hydroxide): n (sodium chloroacetate) = 1:1.6:1.25, reaction time 6 h, the reaction temperature was 100℃, the yield was up to more than 86%.
3. Properties of dodecanol ether carboxylate were measured. Rresults showed that it had the lower surface tension and good stable foam, wetting, emulsifying, dispersing force.
以脂肪醇、环氧氯丙烷、氯乙酸钠等为原料制备一种新型的“绿色”阴离子表面活性剂。实验共分三步:十二烷基缩水甘油醚(AGE)的合成、十二烷基甘油醚羧酸盐的合成、十二烷基甘油醚羧酸盐的一系列性能测定。
1、合成中间产物AGE。分别通过单因素实验和正交实验考察了各因素对反应的影响,找出四个主要影响因素,影响程度大小为n(氢氧化钠):n(十二醇)>反应时间>n(十二醇):n(环氧氯丙烷)>反应温度,在此基础上进行了优化实验,综合考虑得到最佳工艺条件为:n(十二醇):n(氢氧化钠)=1:1.2,反应时间5 h,n(十二醇):n(环氧氯丙烷)=1:1.3,反应温度为50℃,产率可达92.9 %。
2、利用AGE的水解产物和氯乙酸钠合成十二烷基甘油醚羧酸盐。首先通过单因素实验分析各工艺参数对AGE水解反应的影响,得出最佳反应条件为:反应温度65℃,V(AGE):V(水解液)=1:2,反应时间5 h,对甲苯磺酸的浓度为8 %。然后根据单因素和正交实验结果,得到主因素对终产物产率的影响程度为:反应温度>反应时间>反应物物质的量之比,最优工艺参数为n(十二烷基甘油醚):n(氢氧化钠):n(氯乙酸钠)=1:1.6:1.25,反应时间6 h,反应温度为100℃,产率可达86 %以上。
3、测定十二烷基甘油醚羧酸盐的性能,并将其与LAS、AEO7相关性能进行比较,结果表明,其具有良好的降低表面张力、稳泡、润湿、乳化、钙皂分散性能。
Main contents of this article as follows:
With alcohols, epichlorohydrin, chloroacetic acid and sodium for the preparation of a new type of green anionic surfactant, experiments were composed by three steps: synthesis on dodecyl glycidyl ether (AGE), synthesis on dodecyl glycerol ether carboxylate, series of performance measurement of dodecyl glycerol ether carboxylate.
1. Study on intermediates AGE. Respectively, through single-factor experiments and orthogonal experiment, the impacts of various factors on the obtained sequence of four main factors were examined, n (NaOH): n (dodecanol) > reaction time> n (dodecanol): n (epichlorohydrin) >reaction temperature. On this basis, experiment was optimized, the optimum conditions:n(dodecanol):n(NaOH)=1:1.2, reaction time 5 h, n(dodecanol): n(epichlorohydrin) =1:1.3, reaction temperature was 50℃, the yield was up to 92.9%.
2. Study on the hydrolysis of AGE products and chloroacetic acid sodium dodecyl glycerol ether carboxylate. First through the single-factor experimental analysis of various process parameters on the impact of AGE hydrolysis reaction, the optimum reaction conditions: reaction temperature 65℃, V (AGE): V (hydrolyzate) = 1:2, reaction time 5 h, right tosylate concentration of 8%. Then according to the results of single factor and orthogonal experiment, the order of the main factors on the yield of the reaction was: temperature, reaction time, the amount of reactant material ratio. The optimum process parameters for the n (dodecanol ether): n (sodium hydroxide): n (sodium chloroacetate) = 1:1.6:1.25, reaction time 6 h, the reaction temperature was 100℃, the yield was up to more than 86%.
3. Properties of dodecanol ether carboxylate were measured. Rresults showed that it had the lower surface tension and good stable foam, wetting, emulsifying, dispersing force.
引文
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[10] JIANG S W, MATSUKAWA T, TANAKA S, ET AL. EFFECTS OF POWDER CHARACTERISTICS, SOLID LOADING AND DISPERSANT ON BUBBLE CONTENT IN AQUEOUS ALUMINA SLURRIES[J]. JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2007, 27:879-885.
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[12]吴志明,金方,侯惠民.布洛芬混悬剂的制备及稳定性研究[J].中国医药工业杂志, 1998, 29(2):61-63.
[13]于凉云,徐宝财.表面活性剂作相转移催化剂在药物合成中的应用[J].精细化工, 2002, 19(4):98-101.
[14]林建英.非离子表面活性剂在药剂中的应用进展[J].太原理工大学学报, 2001, 32(6):660-663.
[15]徐燕利.表面活性剂的功能.北京:化学工业出版社, 2000, 234-278.
[16]保格罗诺.欧洲表面活性剂的发展趋势[J].日用化学品科学, 2008, 31(10):1-2.
[17]魏竹波,李伟年,周继维.中国洗涤用品及表面活性剂工业科技工作历史回顾(四)[J].日用化学品科学, 2009, 32(11):48-51.
[18]黄洪周.我国表面活性剂“十一五”发展规划[J].精细原料化工及中间体, 2006, 14(8):30-37.
[19]钱德玉.表面活性剂在我国发展现状及方向探讨[J].芜湖职业技术学院学报, 2005, 7(2):58-60.
[20]罗毅.我国醇系表面活性剂的现状及发展前景[J].日用化学品科学, 2007, 30(12):9-14.
[21]夏良树,陈仲清.醇醚羧酸盐在日化产品中的应用性能研究[J].应用化工, 2004 33(3):9-12.
[22]郑薇.表面活性剂工业的技术进展[J].化工进展, 2003, 22(4):329-335.
[23] GEOFFREY L RUSSELL, LARRY N BRITTON. USE OF CERTAIN ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES TO MAINTAIN PROTEASE STABILITY IN THE PRESENCE OF ANIONIC SURFACTANTS[J]. JOURNAL OF SURFACTANTS AND DETERGENTS, 2002, 5(1):5-10.
[24] KOVSCEK A R, BERTIN H J. FOAM MOBILITY IN HETEROGENEOUS POROUS MEDIA[J]. TRANSPORT IN POROUS MEDIA, 2003, 7(52):37-49.
[25]史党伟,魏寿平,翁华涛,等.三次采油化学剂加人对原油破乳脱水的影响[J].石油化工应用, 2009, 28(8):51-54.
[26]伍堂敏,邓龙辉,刘保.液体脂肪醇硫酸盐的生产及应用性能[J].日用化学品学, 2009, 32(1):27-31.
[27]裘炳毅.化妆品化学与工艺技术大全:下册[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社, 1998, 13-60.
[28]赵国玺,朱德民.二烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠的表面活性研究[J].日用化学工业, 1996, 3:1-3.
[29]许虎君,吕春绪,叶志文.一类绿色表面活性剂的合成与性能[J].南京理工大学学报, 2005, 29(1):62-65.
[30]杨秀全,李佩秀,韩建英,等.醇醚竣酸盐物化性能的研究[J].日用化学品科学, 2000, 23(1):35-37.
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