陕西主要煤矿区地下水保护目标层赋存特征及其保护利用对策
|
摘要
近年来随着煤炭产业的飞速发展,能源开发与水资源需求的矛盾日益加剧,煤矿区地下水的利用量也在不断的加大。在正确认识地下水资源的基础上,实行合理的保护利用,已成为当代地下水科学的一个重要课题。
本文总结了陕西主要煤矿区地下水赋存特征及矿井水特征,具体研究了榆神府矿区、铜川矿区、焦坪矿区主要含(隔)水层和主采煤层顶板到主要隔水层底板间岩层的岩性、厚度、分布,在此基础上对煤矿区地下水的资源含水层进行了保水区、漏失区和无水区划分;同时还研究了陕西煤矿区矿井涌水情况、矿井水水质特征以及资源化程度。从中总结出煤矿区地下水保护利用中存在的两大问题——地下水大量流失和矿井水利用率低,并分析其产生的主要原因。地下水大量流失的主要原因是由于采煤对含水层结构的破坏;矿井水利用率低产生的主要原因是对矿井水资源化利用的重要性认识不到位、环境保护基础较差、煤炭行业内部发展不平衡、矿井水利用尚缺乏法律法规的支持和指导、缺乏政策支持和激励机制、专业技术水平有待提高、技术和设备还不够完善、以及资金投入不足等。
针对煤矿区地下水保护利用过程中问题产生的原因,提出了应采取的措施:通过开展保水采煤、选择合理采高和提高开采速度来减少地下水大量流失;通过加强规划引导、完善政策措施、拓宽融资渠道、健全标准体系和加快技术进步来提高矿井水利用率的措施。
As the rapid development of coal-mining industry in resent year, the contradiction between the energy exploration and the water resource request were increasingly aggravation, and more groundwater were utilized by the coal mining area. So, based on the right understanding about groundwater resources, the implement of proper protection and utilization countermeasure is now becoming an important subject for the groundwater science.
In this paper, the groundwater’s occurrence characteristics and the mine water’s characteristics in Shaanxi Province’s main coal-mining area were summarized. The lithology, thickness and distribution, which were of the main aquifer, the main aquifuge, and the layer between the main exported coal seam’s roof and the main aquifuge’s floor, were studied in Yushenfu, Tongchuan and Jiaoping mining area. And according to the coal-mining’s influence on groundwater’s protecting target layer, which was the mean of main aquifer, the coal-mining area were divided into three types, which were preserved region, leakage region and none-water region. Also, it were studied that the situation of mine inflow, water quality characteristic and resource degree of the mine water. After the studies above, two main problems in the process of groundwater’s protection and utilization were found out, that were large amount of groundwater’s loss and low mine drainage’s efficiency, and the main reasons were analyzed separately. The aquifer structure’s destruction due to the coal mining was the main reason for the first problem. Little understanding about the groundwater’s importance, poor basic environment protection equipment, unbalance development between the coal-mining industry, no support and guidance from the laws and regulations on the mine drainage’s using, lack policy’s support and motivation mechanism, low improve of the professional technique level, imperfect of technology and equipment, shortage of fund investment, and deficiency of scale and demonstration were for the second one.
For the reasons above, some pertinent measurements for the groundwater’s protection and utilization were put forward correspondingly. Developing preserving-water coal-mining, selecting rational mining-thickness, and improving the mining speed could be used to reduce the loss of groundwater. Strengthening the plan and guidance, improving polity and measures, broadening the types of financial investment, establishing and perfecting the standard system, and accelerating technology improvement might useful to improve the mine drainage’s efficiency.
本文总结了陕西主要煤矿区地下水赋存特征及矿井水特征,具体研究了榆神府矿区、铜川矿区、焦坪矿区主要含(隔)水层和主采煤层顶板到主要隔水层底板间岩层的岩性、厚度、分布,在此基础上对煤矿区地下水的资源含水层进行了保水区、漏失区和无水区划分;同时还研究了陕西煤矿区矿井涌水情况、矿井水水质特征以及资源化程度。从中总结出煤矿区地下水保护利用中存在的两大问题——地下水大量流失和矿井水利用率低,并分析其产生的主要原因。地下水大量流失的主要原因是由于采煤对含水层结构的破坏;矿井水利用率低产生的主要原因是对矿井水资源化利用的重要性认识不到位、环境保护基础较差、煤炭行业内部发展不平衡、矿井水利用尚缺乏法律法规的支持和指导、缺乏政策支持和激励机制、专业技术水平有待提高、技术和设备还不够完善、以及资金投入不足等。
针对煤矿区地下水保护利用过程中问题产生的原因,提出了应采取的措施:通过开展保水采煤、选择合理采高和提高开采速度来减少地下水大量流失;通过加强规划引导、完善政策措施、拓宽融资渠道、健全标准体系和加快技术进步来提高矿井水利用率的措施。
As the rapid development of coal-mining industry in resent year, the contradiction between the energy exploration and the water resource request were increasingly aggravation, and more groundwater were utilized by the coal mining area. So, based on the right understanding about groundwater resources, the implement of proper protection and utilization countermeasure is now becoming an important subject for the groundwater science.
In this paper, the groundwater’s occurrence characteristics and the mine water’s characteristics in Shaanxi Province’s main coal-mining area were summarized. The lithology, thickness and distribution, which were of the main aquifer, the main aquifuge, and the layer between the main exported coal seam’s roof and the main aquifuge’s floor, were studied in Yushenfu, Tongchuan and Jiaoping mining area. And according to the coal-mining’s influence on groundwater’s protecting target layer, which was the mean of main aquifer, the coal-mining area were divided into three types, which were preserved region, leakage region and none-water region. Also, it were studied that the situation of mine inflow, water quality characteristic and resource degree of the mine water. After the studies above, two main problems in the process of groundwater’s protection and utilization were found out, that were large amount of groundwater’s loss and low mine drainage’s efficiency, and the main reasons were analyzed separately. The aquifer structure’s destruction due to the coal mining was the main reason for the first problem. Little understanding about the groundwater’s importance, poor basic environment protection equipment, unbalance development between the coal-mining industry, no support and guidance from the laws and regulations on the mine drainage’s using, lack policy’s support and motivation mechanism, low improve of the professional technique level, imperfect of technology and equipment, shortage of fund investment, and deficiency of scale and demonstration were for the second one.
For the reasons above, some pertinent measurements for the groundwater’s protection and utilization were put forward correspondingly. Developing preserving-water coal-mining, selecting rational mining-thickness, and improving the mining speed could be used to reduce the loss of groundwater. Strengthening the plan and guidance, improving polity and measures, broadening the types of financial investment, establishing and perfecting the standard system, and accelerating technology improvement might useful to improve the mine drainage’s efficiency.
引文
[1]陈明智.我国煤矿水资源保护开发和利用[J].煤矿环境保护,2000,1(1):46～47.
[2]田卫平.白家庄矿井水处理工艺[J].科技情报开发与经济,2007,17(8):164～165.
[3]何绪文,杨静,邵立南等.我国矿井水资源化利用存在的问题与解决对策[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(1):63～66.
[4]孙洪星,童有德,邹人和.煤矿区水资源的保护及污染防治[J].中国煤炭,2000,9(2):23～25.
[5]韩树青,范立民,杨保国.开发陕北侏罗纪煤田几个水文地质工程地质问题的分析[J].中国煤田地质,1992,4(1):49～52.
[6]范立民.神木矿区的主要环境地质问题[J].水文地质工程地质,1992,19(6):37～40.
[7]王双明,范立民.榆神矿区保水采煤研究[R].西安:陕西省煤田地质局,2003.
[8]范立民.榆神府煤田开发可持续发展的基本模式[A].环境地质研究(第四辑)[C].北京:地震出版社,1999,145～151.
[9]范立民.论保水采煤问题[J].煤田地质与勘探,2005,33(5):50～53.
[10] K.R.Waybtant,D.W.Blowse. Treatment of mine drainage using permeable reactive barriers: Column experiments [J]. Environ. Sci. Techno,2002,36(7):33～56.
[11] Perry. Allen O. Water wise [J].water and waste treatment 1995,38(3):46～47.
[12] Coldewey W G, Semrau L. Mine water in the Ruhr Area (Federal Republic of Germany).In:Proceedings of 5th International Mine Water Congress,The International Mine Water Association.1994.
[13] Sivakumar M,Morten S,Singh R N. Case history analysis of mine water pollution. In: Proceedings of 5th International Mine water Congress,The International Mine Water Association.1994.
[14]肖利萍.矿井水资源化可行性研究[D].辽宁:辽宁工程技术大学,2000.
[15]庞振东.煤矿矿井水资源化研究[D].安徽:安徽理工大学,2005.
[16]崔玉川,杨云龙,谢锋.煤炭矿井水处理利用技术进展[J].太原工业大学学报,2002,9(19):8～10.
[17] Tennessce Vallry Authority. River Basin Operations Water Resources, Destruction of Constructed Wetlands for Treatment of Municipal Wastewater, Monitory Report for the Period,1990:5.
[18] Hedin.RS,Watzlaf.GR,Nairn.RW. Passive treatment of acid mine drainage withlimestone [J]. Journal of Environmental Quality,1994,23(6):13～15.
[19] Powell,J.D. Origin and Influence of Coal Mine Drainage on Streams of the United States[J].Environ.Geol.Water Sci,1988,11(1):80～83.
[20] Brodie,G.A.,C.R.Britt,T.M.Tomaszewski. Anoxic limestone drains to enhance performance of aerobic acid drainage treatment wetlands [J]. Environmental pollution,1999,7(1):115～122.
[21]邵晓华.海州露天矿矿坑水治理及利用[D].辽宁:辽宁工程技术大学,2006.
[22]徐海宏,李满. PAC与PAM复合絮凝剂处理矿井水的研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2006,34(4):83～85.
[23]黄念东,夏畅斌.煤矿含氟矿井水处理的试验研究[J].湘潭工学院学报,1999,14(3):59～62.
[24]韩小林,张永宁,张子虎等.古书院矿油脂库矿井水处理站改造的技术实践[J].能源环境保护,2006,20(4):43～44.
[25]张玉芳,徐志霞,张志刚等.加压溶气气浮法处理矿井水中悬浮物的研究[J].河北建筑科技学院学报,2004,21(3):8～11.
[26]武强,王志强,叶思源等.混凝～微滤膜分离技术在矿井水处理与回用中的试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(5):581～584.
[27]聂锦旭,肖贤明.纳滤膜分离技术在矿井水处理中的研究[J].洁净煤技术,2005,11(4):65～67.
[28]范立民,杨宏科.沙层对矿井污水的净化作用及矿井水的利用[J].国土资源管理,2000,17(6):21～23.
[29]冯利利,朱岳麟,陈锁忠等.采空区处理含悬浮物矿井水的效果研究[J].能源环境保护,2004,18(6):40～42.
[30]罗道成,易平贵,陈安国.多孔质沸石颗粒对矿井水中Pb2+、Cu2+、Zn2+吸附性能的研究[J].水处理技术,2003,29(6):338～340.
[31]于华通,陈明,谭科艳等.用赤泥去除酸性矿井水中重金属污染物的初步研究[J].岩矿测试,2006,25(1):45～48.
[32]煤炭部地质局.中国主要煤炭资源图集[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1984.
[33]雷通文.影响煤矿区地质环境承载能力的主要地质因素研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2005.
[34]李文平,叶贵钧,张莱等.陕北榆神府矿区保水采煤工程地质条件研究[J].煤炭学报,2000,25(5):449～454.
[35]姚建明,雷少毅.陕北煤炭资源勘探面临的问题[A].陕晋冀煤炭学会地质测量专业学术研讨会论文集[C]. 2006,25～27.
[36]叶贵钧,张莱,李文平等.陕北榆神府矿区煤炭资源开发主要水工环问题及防治对策[J].工程地质学报. 2000,8(4):446～455.
[37]范立民,蒋泽泉.榆神矿区资源赋存特征及保水采煤问题探讨[J].西部探矿工程.2003,80(1):73～74.
[38]范立民,蒋泽泉,许开仓.榆神矿区强松散含水层下采煤隔水岩组特性的研究[J].中国煤田地质,2003,15(4):25～30.
[39]煤炭科学研究总院唐山分院.煤矿地表移动与三下采煤[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1982.
[40]何绪文,肖宝清,王平.废水处理与矿井水资源化[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2002.
[41]范立民,李保平.陕北煤炭基地的矿井水资源及利用[J].地下水,2007,29(5):1～3.
[42]煤炭工业西安设计研究院.神华集团神东公司哈拉沟煤矿技术改造工程环境影响报告书[R]. HP2004-08,西安:煤炭工业西安设计研究院,2004.
[43]许世华.矿井水的来源及其防治措施[J].矿业安全与环保,2002,29(增刊):84～86.
[44]郭欣.铜川矿区矿井水处理回用技术研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2006.
[45]唐亦川,巨天乙,邓念东.韩城矿区地下水水化学特征及矿井水的资源化[J].西安科技学院学报,2000,20(1):39～42.
[46]万伟锋.彬长矿区矿井水资源化及坑口电站净水厂优化选址研究[D].西安:长安大学,2006.
[47]冯启言,王华,李向东等.华东地区矿井水的水质特征与资源化技术[J].中国矿业大学学报,2004,33(2):195～196.
[48]周如禄,高亮,陈明智.煤矿含悬浮物矿井水净化处理技木探讨[J].煤矿环境保护,2000,14(1):10～12.
[49]朱德仁,陈明智.矿井水污染控制及资源化[J].中国人口·资源与环境,1997,7(4):82～85.
[50]王秀新.矿井水处理与综合利用[J].中国科技信息,2005(17):162～163.
[51]师本强,侯忠杰.陕北榆神府矿区保水采煤方法研究[J].煤炭工程,2006(1):63～65
[52]李德海、高木福.开采速度与地表移动变形的关系探讨[J].煤炭科学技术,1996,24(6):52～55.
[53]余学义.开采速度对地表建筑物损害影响分析[J].西安科技学院学报,2001,21(2):97～101.
[54]高亮,周如禄.一体化净水器处理矿井水工艺技术探讨[J].煤矿环境保护,2001,15(2):43～47.
[55]周如禄,郭中权,李海军.一体化净水器处理矿井水工程改造实践[J].煤矿环境保护,2003,17(4):41～44.
[56]牛光辉,于远成,周如禄等.矿井水处理技术在姚桥煤矿的应用[J].中国煤炭,2002,28(7):36～37.
[57]裘鑫林,周如禄,张崇良等.北宿煤矿矿井水净化处理复用技术[J].煤矿环境保护,2002,16(2):35～37.
[58]周如禄,徐楚良.高效集约式净化设备处理矿井水[J]. 2002,16(6):31～33.
[59]吴四清.大屯矿区废水处理与回用[J].能源技术与管理,2006,(3):49～51.
[60]魏德江,郭中权,李莉.海州立井矿井水净化及深度处理技术实践[J].能源环境保护,2005,19(5):34～35.
[61]杨静,李福勤,张先等.鹤煤集团九矿矿井水回用工艺设计[J].煤炭工程,2006,(11):15～17.
[62]周如禄,裘鑫林,周旭红等.里彦煤矿矿井水净化处理[J].煤矿环境保护,2001,15(1):37～40.
[63]董军,冯国全,徐细波.潘北煤矿矿井水净化处理的技术实践[J].能源环境保护,2006,20(5):50～51.
[64]钟引民.煤矿井下排水的井下处理[J].工业用水和废水,2001,32(4):27～28.
[65]张志刚,赵丙庆,沈海东.岱庄煤矿矿井水及生活污水的处理与资源化技术[A]搞好矿区环境保护,建立和谐生态型矿区论文集[C],2007.
[66]谷勇霞,周忠宁,李意民.采空区处理矿井水的资源化利用[J].煤炭科学技术,2007,35(4):90～92.
[2]田卫平.白家庄矿井水处理工艺[J].科技情报开发与经济,2007,17(8):164～165.
[3]何绪文,杨静,邵立南等.我国矿井水资源化利用存在的问题与解决对策[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(1):63～66.
[4]孙洪星,童有德,邹人和.煤矿区水资源的保护及污染防治[J].中国煤炭,2000,9(2):23～25.
[5]韩树青,范立民,杨保国.开发陕北侏罗纪煤田几个水文地质工程地质问题的分析[J].中国煤田地质,1992,4(1):49～52.
[6]范立民.神木矿区的主要环境地质问题[J].水文地质工程地质,1992,19(6):37～40.
[7]王双明,范立民.榆神矿区保水采煤研究[R].西安:陕西省煤田地质局,2003.
[8]范立民.榆神府煤田开发可持续发展的基本模式[A].环境地质研究(第四辑)[C].北京:地震出版社,1999,145～151.
[9]范立民.论保水采煤问题[J].煤田地质与勘探,2005,33(5):50～53.
[10] K.R.Waybtant,D.W.Blowse. Treatment of mine drainage using permeable reactive barriers: Column experiments [J]. Environ. Sci. Techno,2002,36(7):33～56.
[11] Perry. Allen O. Water wise [J].water and waste treatment 1995,38(3):46～47.
[12] Coldewey W G, Semrau L. Mine water in the Ruhr Area (Federal Republic of Germany).In:Proceedings of 5th International Mine Water Congress,The International Mine Water Association.1994.
[13] Sivakumar M,Morten S,Singh R N. Case history analysis of mine water pollution. In: Proceedings of 5th International Mine water Congress,The International Mine Water Association.1994.
[14]肖利萍.矿井水资源化可行性研究[D].辽宁:辽宁工程技术大学,2000.
[15]庞振东.煤矿矿井水资源化研究[D].安徽:安徽理工大学,2005.
[16]崔玉川,杨云龙,谢锋.煤炭矿井水处理利用技术进展[J].太原工业大学学报,2002,9(19):8～10.
[17] Tennessce Vallry Authority. River Basin Operations Water Resources, Destruction of Constructed Wetlands for Treatment of Municipal Wastewater, Monitory Report for the Period,1990:5.
[18] Hedin.RS,Watzlaf.GR,Nairn.RW. Passive treatment of acid mine drainage withlimestone [J]. Journal of Environmental Quality,1994,23(6):13～15.
[19] Powell,J.D. Origin and Influence of Coal Mine Drainage on Streams of the United States[J].Environ.Geol.Water Sci,1988,11(1):80～83.
[20] Brodie,G.A.,C.R.Britt,T.M.Tomaszewski. Anoxic limestone drains to enhance performance of aerobic acid drainage treatment wetlands [J]. Environmental pollution,1999,7(1):115～122.
[21]邵晓华.海州露天矿矿坑水治理及利用[D].辽宁:辽宁工程技术大学,2006.
[22]徐海宏,李满. PAC与PAM复合絮凝剂处理矿井水的研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2006,34(4):83～85.
[23]黄念东,夏畅斌.煤矿含氟矿井水处理的试验研究[J].湘潭工学院学报,1999,14(3):59～62.
[24]韩小林,张永宁,张子虎等.古书院矿油脂库矿井水处理站改造的技术实践[J].能源环境保护,2006,20(4):43～44.
[25]张玉芳,徐志霞,张志刚等.加压溶气气浮法处理矿井水中悬浮物的研究[J].河北建筑科技学院学报,2004,21(3):8～11.
[26]武强,王志强,叶思源等.混凝～微滤膜分离技术在矿井水处理与回用中的试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(5):581～584.
[27]聂锦旭,肖贤明.纳滤膜分离技术在矿井水处理中的研究[J].洁净煤技术,2005,11(4):65～67.
[28]范立民,杨宏科.沙层对矿井污水的净化作用及矿井水的利用[J].国土资源管理,2000,17(6):21～23.
[29]冯利利,朱岳麟,陈锁忠等.采空区处理含悬浮物矿井水的效果研究[J].能源环境保护,2004,18(6):40～42.
[30]罗道成,易平贵,陈安国.多孔质沸石颗粒对矿井水中Pb2+、Cu2+、Zn2+吸附性能的研究[J].水处理技术,2003,29(6):338～340.
[31]于华通,陈明,谭科艳等.用赤泥去除酸性矿井水中重金属污染物的初步研究[J].岩矿测试,2006,25(1):45～48.
[32]煤炭部地质局.中国主要煤炭资源图集[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1984.
[33]雷通文.影响煤矿区地质环境承载能力的主要地质因素研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2005.
[34]李文平,叶贵钧,张莱等.陕北榆神府矿区保水采煤工程地质条件研究[J].煤炭学报,2000,25(5):449～454.
[35]姚建明,雷少毅.陕北煤炭资源勘探面临的问题[A].陕晋冀煤炭学会地质测量专业学术研讨会论文集[C]. 2006,25～27.
[36]叶贵钧,张莱,李文平等.陕北榆神府矿区煤炭资源开发主要水工环问题及防治对策[J].工程地质学报. 2000,8(4):446～455.
[37]范立民,蒋泽泉.榆神矿区资源赋存特征及保水采煤问题探讨[J].西部探矿工程.2003,80(1):73～74.
[38]范立民,蒋泽泉,许开仓.榆神矿区强松散含水层下采煤隔水岩组特性的研究[J].中国煤田地质,2003,15(4):25～30.
[39]煤炭科学研究总院唐山分院.煤矿地表移动与三下采煤[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1982.
[40]何绪文,肖宝清,王平.废水处理与矿井水资源化[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2002.
[41]范立民,李保平.陕北煤炭基地的矿井水资源及利用[J].地下水,2007,29(5):1～3.
[42]煤炭工业西安设计研究院.神华集团神东公司哈拉沟煤矿技术改造工程环境影响报告书[R]. HP2004-08,西安:煤炭工业西安设计研究院,2004.
[43]许世华.矿井水的来源及其防治措施[J].矿业安全与环保,2002,29(增刊):84～86.
[44]郭欣.铜川矿区矿井水处理回用技术研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2006.
[45]唐亦川,巨天乙,邓念东.韩城矿区地下水水化学特征及矿井水的资源化[J].西安科技学院学报,2000,20(1):39～42.
[46]万伟锋.彬长矿区矿井水资源化及坑口电站净水厂优化选址研究[D].西安:长安大学,2006.
[47]冯启言,王华,李向东等.华东地区矿井水的水质特征与资源化技术[J].中国矿业大学学报,2004,33(2):195～196.
[48]周如禄,高亮,陈明智.煤矿含悬浮物矿井水净化处理技木探讨[J].煤矿环境保护,2000,14(1):10～12.
[49]朱德仁,陈明智.矿井水污染控制及资源化[J].中国人口·资源与环境,1997,7(4):82～85.
[50]王秀新.矿井水处理与综合利用[J].中国科技信息,2005(17):162～163.
[51]师本强,侯忠杰.陕北榆神府矿区保水采煤方法研究[J].煤炭工程,2006(1):63～65
[52]李德海、高木福.开采速度与地表移动变形的关系探讨[J].煤炭科学技术,1996,24(6):52～55.
[53]余学义.开采速度对地表建筑物损害影响分析[J].西安科技学院学报,2001,21(2):97～101.
[54]高亮,周如禄.一体化净水器处理矿井水工艺技术探讨[J].煤矿环境保护,2001,15(2):43～47.
[55]周如禄,郭中权,李海军.一体化净水器处理矿井水工程改造实践[J].煤矿环境保护,2003,17(4):41～44.
[56]牛光辉,于远成,周如禄等.矿井水处理技术在姚桥煤矿的应用[J].中国煤炭,2002,28(7):36～37.
[57]裘鑫林,周如禄,张崇良等.北宿煤矿矿井水净化处理复用技术[J].煤矿环境保护,2002,16(2):35～37.
[58]周如禄,徐楚良.高效集约式净化设备处理矿井水[J]. 2002,16(6):31～33.
[59]吴四清.大屯矿区废水处理与回用[J].能源技术与管理,2006,(3):49～51.
[60]魏德江,郭中权,李莉.海州立井矿井水净化及深度处理技术实践[J].能源环境保护,2005,19(5):34～35.
[61]杨静,李福勤,张先等.鹤煤集团九矿矿井水回用工艺设计[J].煤炭工程,2006,(11):15～17.
[62]周如禄,裘鑫林,周旭红等.里彦煤矿矿井水净化处理[J].煤矿环境保护,2001,15(1):37～40.
[63]董军,冯国全,徐细波.潘北煤矿矿井水净化处理的技术实践[J].能源环境保护,2006,20(5):50～51.
[64]钟引民.煤矿井下排水的井下处理[J].工业用水和废水,2001,32(4):27～28.
[65]张志刚,赵丙庆,沈海东.岱庄煤矿矿井水及生活污水的处理与资源化技术[A]搞好矿区环境保护,建立和谐生态型矿区论文集[C],2007.
[66]谷勇霞,周忠宁,李意民.采空区处理矿井水的资源化利用[J].煤炭科学技术,2007,35(4):90～92.