采油生产状况评价体系研究
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摘要
油田生产是采油工程系统中最基本最重要的环节。油田投入生产之后,就变成了一个规模大,管理幅度大,生产建设工序多的大系统,迫使决策者不可能仅仅依靠表面数据人为的、凭借经验对各油田生产做出战略性部署与规划。为此,采油生产状况评价体系依托采油工程辅助决策系统而建立,帮助决策者对油田生产规划提供科学依据。本文是用系统的观点,建立了采油生产状况评价体系。以国内油田采油工程生产数据库为依托,以油气田开发理论和综合评价理论为指导,从机械采油生产、作业情况和水平井生产三个方面进行研究分析,建立指标体系;并用主观赋权和客观赋权法建立评价权重体系;分别应用层次分析法、主成分分析法和数据包络分析法建立评价方案,方案先后从机械采油生产、作业和水平井生产三个方面进行单方面评价,最后结合三方面进行综合评价;建立了兼容度极大化模型和兼容度、差异度极大极小化模型,进而建立了采油生产状况评价体系;提供多个备选评价方案择优依据;并以国内油田采油工程生产数据为例,阐述了评价体系的建立过程。采油生产状况评价体系帮助石油企业管理层,提供决策依据,提高了油田生产管理的科学性和指导性。在确保实现油田开发评价、预测与规划的科学化和合理化,确保油田开发的稳步发展上,具有重要意义。
The oil field production is the most fundamental and the most important link in the petroleum engineering. It is a large-scale system,with large range of management and many working procedures of production construction,which forced the decision-maker not to be impossible to depend upon the superficial data to make the strategic disposition and plan. Therefore, oil production status evaluation system was set up based on decision support system of petroleum engineering.This article has established the oil production status evaluation system with systematic viewpoint. Based on the production database of petroleum engineering,with oil&gas field development theories and comprehensive evaluation theories for guide, indicator system has been established, researching and analysing from three aspects of artificial lift production,job and the production horizontal well. Evaluation system of weights have been set up using by subjective and objective weighting method, established evaluation plans by using AHP, the principal component analysis and data envelopment analysis respectively,evaluated from three aspects, achieved comprehensive evaluation finally. Established the maximization model of Compatibility Degree and the maximin model of Compatibility and Different Degree, and oil production status evaluation system. Provide the criterion of superior ones of multiple alternative assessment plans. And taking the production database of petroleum engineering of China National Petroleum Corporation as the example, this paper expounds the process of establishing evaluation system.Oil production status evaluation system provides the basis for decision-making to enterprise managers, improving the level of scientific and guidance. Ensuring realization in oilfield development planning and assessment and prediction scientifically and reasonably, ensuring the steady development of oilfield, it has the vital significance.
The oil field production is the most fundamental and the most important link in the petroleum engineering. It is a large-scale system,with large range of management and many working procedures of production construction,which forced the decision-maker not to be impossible to depend upon the superficial data to make the strategic disposition and plan. Therefore, oil production status evaluation system was set up based on decision support system of petroleum engineering.This article has established the oil production status evaluation system with systematic viewpoint. Based on the production database of petroleum engineering,with oil&gas field development theories and comprehensive evaluation theories for guide, indicator system has been established, researching and analysing from three aspects of artificial lift production,job and the production horizontal well. Evaluation system of weights have been set up using by subjective and objective weighting method, established evaluation plans by using AHP, the principal component analysis and data envelopment analysis respectively,evaluated from three aspects, achieved comprehensive evaluation finally. Established the maximization model of Compatibility Degree and the maximin model of Compatibility and Different Degree, and oil production status evaluation system. Provide the criterion of superior ones of multiple alternative assessment plans. And taking the production database of petroleum engineering of China National Petroleum Corporation as the example, this paper expounds the process of establishing evaluation system.Oil production status evaluation system provides the basis for decision-making to enterprise managers, improving the level of scientific and guidance. Ensuring realization in oilfield development planning and assessment and prediction scientifically and reasonably, ensuring the steady development of oilfield, it has the vital significance.
引文
[1]秦寿康.综合评价原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003:1-7
[2]曹希彬,蔡力钢,李培根,等.多工艺方案二阶模糊综合评价[J].系统工程理论与实践.2000,20(6):25-31
[3]戴文战.基于三层BP网络的多指标综合评估方法及应用[J].系统工程理论与实践, 1999,19(5):29-34
[4]王正欧,朱涛,王书新,等.基于RBF网络的高技术项目投资评估决策模型的研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2000,20(3):63-67
[5]陈铁龙.三次采油概论[M].第2版.北京:石油工业出版社,2000:1-1
[6]郑俊德,杨长祜.水平井、分支井采油工艺现状分析与展望[J].石油钻采工艺,2005,27(67):93-96
[7]荆克尧,熊国明,刘会友,等.胜利油区采油速度现状与对策研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2001,8(6):75-77
[8]李忠荣,邵宪志.大庆长南部油田周期注水[M].改善高含水期油田注水开发效果实例,北京:石油工业出版社,1993:56-67
[9] SY/T 6366-2005,油田开发主要生产技术指标及计算方法[S].北京:国家发展和改革委员会,2005
[10]熊先钺,王新海,汪忠德,等.储层损害矿场评价技术及应用[J].石油天然气学报,2008,30(2):496-498
[11]徐建,张绍礼,严玉华.表皮系数分解应用效果分析[J].油气井测试,2005,14(6):25-27
[12]刘建军,闫建钊,程林松.表皮系数分解与油气层伤害定量评价[J].油气井测试,2005,14(2):17-19
[13]郭小哲,刘跃忠,孙宝龙,等.抽油机井系统效率方案优选及因素分析[J].钻采工艺,2008,31(3):92-96
[14]张伟,范登洲.提高抽油机井系统效率措施研究[J].石油工业技术监督,2004,5(20):16-17
[15] SY/T 5266-199,机械采油井系统效率测试方法[S].北京:中国石油天然气总公司,1996
[16]吴琼,韩玲,王艳,等.新立油田影响深井泵泵效因素分析及合理泵挂的确定[J].特种油气藏,2005,12(6):82-84
[17]李俊海,吴田忠.有杆泵合理沉没度的确定方法[J].江汉石油学院学报,2001,23(2):36-38
[18]江涛,李锡伦,沈合堂.改变油水界面增产措施研究[J].石油天然气学报,2006,28(6):159-160
[19]姚华梅,丁伟勋,张汉军,等.葡西油田两套层系合采井的合理泵挂深度[J].大庆石油学院学报,2006,30(4):22-28
[20]高美丽,肖军亮,徐益群.利用特种抽油杆提高泵效、延长检泵周期[J].内蒙古石油化工,2003,29(S1):215-216
[21]孙秀英,黄国忠,李艾红.油井动液面的求解方程推导及与应用[J].河南石油,2004,18(B06):54-55
[22]潘琢金,朱国新,富刚.DSP在动液面深度测试中的应用[J].微处理机,2002,(1):62-64
[23]段建萍,肖胜君,朱晶,等.影响抽油机井动液面异常变化原因分析[J].油气田地面工程,2003,22(8):28-29
[24]雷剑,刘文波.采油方式转换在提高油田综合开发效益中的应用[J].油气田地面工程,2002,21(3):22-22
[25]吴翼平.多准则评价方法的评价[J].决策与决策支持系统,1994,4(1):74-79
[26]应天元.系统综合评价的赋权新方法—PC-LINMAP耦合模型[J].系统工程理论与实践,1997,17(2):8-13
[27]王宗军.多目标权系数赋值方法及其选择策略[J].系统工程与电子技术,1993,15(6):35-41
[28]莫则尧.一维高效动态负载平衡方法多层均权法[J].计算机学报,2001,24(2):183-190
[29]王明涛.多指标综合评价中权数确定的离差均方差决策方法[J].中国软科学,2003,1998,(8):100-101
[30]童其慧.主成分分析方法在指标综合评价中的应用[J].北京理工大学学报,2002,4(1):59-61
[31]白星发.基于遗传算法的层次分析法在供应商绿色评价中的应用[J].科技创业月刊,2007,20(10):86-87,92
[32]刘兴太,杨震,程洪海,等.层次分析法判断矩阵在确定科研绩效评价指标权重系数中的应用[J].中国科技信息,2008,19:185-186
[33]秦寿康.主成分价值函数模型及评价方案择优方法[J].系统科学与数学,2001,21(4):465-472
[34]魏权龄.数据包络分析(DEA) [J].科学通报,2000,45(17):1793-1807
[35]詹丽,杨昌明,杨东福,等.基于兼容度和差异度的圈闭评价方案优化研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2007,(1):152-156
[36]秦寿康.评价方案优化系统.系统工程学报[J],2002,17(2):143-149
[37]秦寿康,傅荣林,陈湛本.评价方案择优方[J].广州师院学报(自然科学版),1998,19(11):97-102
[38] Qin Shoukang et al.Valuation Functon Models of Principal Components and a Method for Selecting Optimum from Evaluation Schemes[J].The 15th Triennial Conference of IFORS’99.Beijing,China,1999
[39] WEI Quanling,YU Gang,LU Jianshou.The necessary and sufficient conditions for returns to scale properties in generalized data envelopment analysis model[J].Science in China,2002,V45(5):503-517
[40] Seiford L.M.and Tharll R.M..Recent Developments in DEA The Mathematical Programming Approach to Frontier Analysis.Journal of Econometrics,1999(46)
[41] E.J. Mackay, Heriot-Watt U,S. Al-Mandhari, PDO,J. Peacock, ChevronTexaco,et al Improved Accuracy of Modelling for Optimization of Squeeze Design[J],SPE 93375,2005
[2]曹希彬,蔡力钢,李培根,等.多工艺方案二阶模糊综合评价[J].系统工程理论与实践.2000,20(6):25-31
[3]戴文战.基于三层BP网络的多指标综合评估方法及应用[J].系统工程理论与实践, 1999,19(5):29-34
[4]王正欧,朱涛,王书新,等.基于RBF网络的高技术项目投资评估决策模型的研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2000,20(3):63-67
[5]陈铁龙.三次采油概论[M].第2版.北京:石油工业出版社,2000:1-1
[6]郑俊德,杨长祜.水平井、分支井采油工艺现状分析与展望[J].石油钻采工艺,2005,27(67):93-96
[7]荆克尧,熊国明,刘会友,等.胜利油区采油速度现状与对策研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2001,8(6):75-77
[8]李忠荣,邵宪志.大庆长南部油田周期注水[M].改善高含水期油田注水开发效果实例,北京:石油工业出版社,1993:56-67
[9] SY/T 6366-2005,油田开发主要生产技术指标及计算方法[S].北京:国家发展和改革委员会,2005
[10]熊先钺,王新海,汪忠德,等.储层损害矿场评价技术及应用[J].石油天然气学报,2008,30(2):496-498
[11]徐建,张绍礼,严玉华.表皮系数分解应用效果分析[J].油气井测试,2005,14(6):25-27
[12]刘建军,闫建钊,程林松.表皮系数分解与油气层伤害定量评价[J].油气井测试,2005,14(2):17-19
[13]郭小哲,刘跃忠,孙宝龙,等.抽油机井系统效率方案优选及因素分析[J].钻采工艺,2008,31(3):92-96
[14]张伟,范登洲.提高抽油机井系统效率措施研究[J].石油工业技术监督,2004,5(20):16-17
[15] SY/T 5266-199,机械采油井系统效率测试方法[S].北京:中国石油天然气总公司,1996
[16]吴琼,韩玲,王艳,等.新立油田影响深井泵泵效因素分析及合理泵挂的确定[J].特种油气藏,2005,12(6):82-84
[17]李俊海,吴田忠.有杆泵合理沉没度的确定方法[J].江汉石油学院学报,2001,23(2):36-38
[18]江涛,李锡伦,沈合堂.改变油水界面增产措施研究[J].石油天然气学报,2006,28(6):159-160
[19]姚华梅,丁伟勋,张汉军,等.葡西油田两套层系合采井的合理泵挂深度[J].大庆石油学院学报,2006,30(4):22-28
[20]高美丽,肖军亮,徐益群.利用特种抽油杆提高泵效、延长检泵周期[J].内蒙古石油化工,2003,29(S1):215-216
[21]孙秀英,黄国忠,李艾红.油井动液面的求解方程推导及与应用[J].河南石油,2004,18(B06):54-55
[22]潘琢金,朱国新,富刚.DSP在动液面深度测试中的应用[J].微处理机,2002,(1):62-64
[23]段建萍,肖胜君,朱晶,等.影响抽油机井动液面异常变化原因分析[J].油气田地面工程,2003,22(8):28-29
[24]雷剑,刘文波.采油方式转换在提高油田综合开发效益中的应用[J].油气田地面工程,2002,21(3):22-22
[25]吴翼平.多准则评价方法的评价[J].决策与决策支持系统,1994,4(1):74-79
[26]应天元.系统综合评价的赋权新方法—PC-LINMAP耦合模型[J].系统工程理论与实践,1997,17(2):8-13
[27]王宗军.多目标权系数赋值方法及其选择策略[J].系统工程与电子技术,1993,15(6):35-41
[28]莫则尧.一维高效动态负载平衡方法多层均权法[J].计算机学报,2001,24(2):183-190
[29]王明涛.多指标综合评价中权数确定的离差均方差决策方法[J].中国软科学,2003,1998,(8):100-101
[30]童其慧.主成分分析方法在指标综合评价中的应用[J].北京理工大学学报,2002,4(1):59-61
[31]白星发.基于遗传算法的层次分析法在供应商绿色评价中的应用[J].科技创业月刊,2007,20(10):86-87,92
[32]刘兴太,杨震,程洪海,等.层次分析法判断矩阵在确定科研绩效评价指标权重系数中的应用[J].中国科技信息,2008,19:185-186
[33]秦寿康.主成分价值函数模型及评价方案择优方法[J].系统科学与数学,2001,21(4):465-472
[34]魏权龄.数据包络分析(DEA) [J].科学通报,2000,45(17):1793-1807
[35]詹丽,杨昌明,杨东福,等.基于兼容度和差异度的圈闭评价方案优化研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2007,(1):152-156
[36]秦寿康.评价方案优化系统.系统工程学报[J],2002,17(2):143-149
[37]秦寿康,傅荣林,陈湛本.评价方案择优方[J].广州师院学报(自然科学版),1998,19(11):97-102
[38] Qin Shoukang et al.Valuation Functon Models of Principal Components and a Method for Selecting Optimum from Evaluation Schemes[J].The 15th Triennial Conference of IFORS’99.Beijing,China,1999
[39] WEI Quanling,YU Gang,LU Jianshou.The necessary and sufficient conditions for returns to scale properties in generalized data envelopment analysis model[J].Science in China,2002,V45(5):503-517
[40] Seiford L.M.and Tharll R.M..Recent Developments in DEA The Mathematical Programming Approach to Frontier Analysis.Journal of Econometrics,1999(46)
[41] E.J. Mackay, Heriot-Watt U,S. Al-Mandhari, PDO,J. Peacock, ChevronTexaco,et al Improved Accuracy of Modelling for Optimization of Squeeze Design[J],SPE 93375,2005