萨北油田结蜡机理及熔蜡实验研究
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摘要
萨北油田已应用化学方法提高油田的采收率,从目前生产状况可以看出,三次采油能大幅度提高油田的采收率。但是受三元驱油机理影响,其采出液的成分和性质相对于水驱发生了很大的变化,使油井的结蜡特性不同与水驱:结蜡点降低,熔蜡点升高。结蜡影响油井生产已经是一个常见的破坏性问题,尤其是驱替方式的改变,导致采出液性质发生了很大变化,油井结蜡日益复杂,清防蜡困难日益严重。因此有必要对该油田进行不同结蜡机理及熔蜡实验研究。
本文在充分调研国内外及萨北油田清防蜡技术研究现状的基础上,为了确定合理的热洗参数,保证洗井效果,选择了有代表性的水驱、聚驱和三元复合驱油井展开熔蜡实验研究。通过对原油性质、蜡性质的分析及结蜡机理分析,确定原油结蜡的原因及影响因素;通过室内熔蜡实验,观察熔蜡时间、熔蜡温度及在不同温度下的熔蜡速度,确定油井清蜡所需的温度。实验结果表明:各驱替方式下油井蜡样的初熔温度从大到小依次为:三元驱油井蜡样、聚驱井蜡样、北部过渡带油井蜡样、纯油区油井蜡样、东部过渡带油井蜡样;熔化温度、熔蜡时间从大到小依次为三元驱油井蜡样、聚驱油井蜡样、水驱油井蜡样。实验结果为现场油井热洗实际应用提供依据,保证热洗效果,保证油井的正常生产。论文研究结果能够满足萨北油田油井生产需要,对降低生产成本、提高油田经济效益具有重要意义。
We have used chemical methods to enhance oil recovery in Sa Bei oilfield, at the current production situation, EOR can greatly enhance the oil recovery. However,in the influence of asp flooding mechanism, relative to the water flooding,the composition and properties of recovery liquid produced very big change, make the paraffin characteristics of oil wells is different of water flooding,for example, wax points is lower, wax melting point is higher. Wax which affect the production of oil well is already a common destructive problem, especially in the change of mode multi-gas,it lead to great changes of the produced fluid properties, increasing complexity of paraffin oil, the increasingly serious difficulties of wax removal and inhibition. So it is necessary to have a research on mechanism of paraffin and wax melting experiments in three kinds of multi-gas modes in Sa Bei oil field.
In this paper, at the base on the full field investigation at home and abroad current research about the paraffin technology, to determine a reasonable hot wash parameters, ensure well-flushing effect,we expand the experimental study of melting wax,which choose a typical water flooding and recognition and ternary polymer flooding. Through the analysis of the characteristics of the oil and wax and paraffin mechanism analysis, determine the cause and influencing factors of crude paraffin; Through the indoor wax melting experiments, observe wax melting time, wax melting temperature and wax melting speed at different temperature, determine the temperature needed for wax removal. Experimental results show that: Each multi-gas mode of oil wax melting temperature sample from early to small as follows: asp flooding wax sample, the northern oil wells transitional wax sample, the northern transitional zone oil wells wax sample, polymer flooding wax sample, pure oil wells wax sample, in east transitional zone oil wells wax sample; Melting temperature, wax melting time from large to small as follows: asp flooding wax sample, polymer flooding wax sample, water flooding wax sample.The experimental results provide the basis for the site, which is actual application of oil Wells heat wash, ensure hot wash effect, ensure the normal production Wells. The research results can satisfy the oil well production of Sa Bei oilfield,it has a important significance to reduce the production cost and improve the economic benefit of Sa Bei oilfield.
本文在充分调研国内外及萨北油田清防蜡技术研究现状的基础上,为了确定合理的热洗参数,保证洗井效果,选择了有代表性的水驱、聚驱和三元复合驱油井展开熔蜡实验研究。通过对原油性质、蜡性质的分析及结蜡机理分析,确定原油结蜡的原因及影响因素;通过室内熔蜡实验,观察熔蜡时间、熔蜡温度及在不同温度下的熔蜡速度,确定油井清蜡所需的温度。实验结果表明:各驱替方式下油井蜡样的初熔温度从大到小依次为:三元驱油井蜡样、聚驱井蜡样、北部过渡带油井蜡样、纯油区油井蜡样、东部过渡带油井蜡样;熔化温度、熔蜡时间从大到小依次为三元驱油井蜡样、聚驱油井蜡样、水驱油井蜡样。实验结果为现场油井热洗实际应用提供依据,保证热洗效果,保证油井的正常生产。论文研究结果能够满足萨北油田油井生产需要,对降低生产成本、提高油田经济效益具有重要意义。
We have used chemical methods to enhance oil recovery in Sa Bei oilfield, at the current production situation, EOR can greatly enhance the oil recovery. However,in the influence of asp flooding mechanism, relative to the water flooding,the composition and properties of recovery liquid produced very big change, make the paraffin characteristics of oil wells is different of water flooding,for example, wax points is lower, wax melting point is higher. Wax which affect the production of oil well is already a common destructive problem, especially in the change of mode multi-gas,it lead to great changes of the produced fluid properties, increasing complexity of paraffin oil, the increasingly serious difficulties of wax removal and inhibition. So it is necessary to have a research on mechanism of paraffin and wax melting experiments in three kinds of multi-gas modes in Sa Bei oil field.
In this paper, at the base on the full field investigation at home and abroad current research about the paraffin technology, to determine a reasonable hot wash parameters, ensure well-flushing effect,we expand the experimental study of melting wax,which choose a typical water flooding and recognition and ternary polymer flooding. Through the analysis of the characteristics of the oil and wax and paraffin mechanism analysis, determine the cause and influencing factors of crude paraffin; Through the indoor wax melting experiments, observe wax melting time, wax melting temperature and wax melting speed at different temperature, determine the temperature needed for wax removal. Experimental results show that: Each multi-gas mode of oil wax melting temperature sample from early to small as follows: asp flooding wax sample, the northern oil wells transitional wax sample, the northern transitional zone oil wells wax sample, polymer flooding wax sample, pure oil wells wax sample, in east transitional zone oil wells wax sample; Melting temperature, wax melting time from large to small as follows: asp flooding wax sample, polymer flooding wax sample, water flooding wax sample.The experimental results provide the basis for the site, which is actual application of oil Wells heat wash, ensure hot wash effect, ensure the normal production Wells. The research results can satisfy the oil well production of Sa Bei oilfield,it has a important significance to reduce the production cost and improve the economic benefit of Sa Bei oilfield.
引文
[1]刘爱华,章结斌,陈创前.油田清防蜡技术发展现状[J].石油化工腐蚀与防护,2009,(01):13-15.
[2]刘忠运,陆晓锋,汤超.关娇娇油田清防蜡剂的研究进展及发展趋势[J].当代化工,2009,(05):20-22.
[3]肖进军.油井结蜡及清防蜡技术探讨[J].化学工程与装备,2010,(07):33-35.
[4]武继辉,孙军,贺志刚,喻西崇.油井清、防蜡技术研究现状[J].油气田地面工程,2004,(07):47-48.
[5]李灵芝,潘新军,钱忆春,徐俊,丁院平.油井结蜡相关因素分析和清防蜡对策[J].小型油气藏,2004,(02):31-33.
[6]马志峰,王重阳.油井结蜡及清防蜡方法探讨[J].科技传播,2010,(23):15-16.
[7] Designing of an Automatic Paraffin Controlling Device for a Beam Well[J]. International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management, 2008,(02) :72-73.
[8]聂翠平,张家明,李文彬.油井清防蜡技术及其应用分析[J].内蒙古石油化工,2008,(18):41-42.
[9]彭向明,项明杰.油井结蜡机理及清防蜡技术在靖安油田的研究应用[J].石油化工应用,2007,(04):33-34.
[10]肖立国.榆树林油田清防蜡技术室内评价与应用研究[D].大庆石油学院,2009:57-58.
[11] Wei Wu,Manfred H. Wagner,Zhongde Xu. Surface treatment mechanism of nano-SiO2 and the properties of PP/nano-SiO2 composite materials[J]. Colloid and Polymer Science, 2003,281(6) :78.
[12] Changfeng Yi,Zushun Xu,Warren T. Ford. Nano-sized dendrimer PAMAM /polystyrene composite polymer emulsion[J]. Colloid and Polymer Science, 2004,282(9):89-90.
[13] Tadeusz Wellisz MD,Yuehuei H. An MD,Xuejun Wen MD, PhD,Qian Kang MD,Christopher M. Hill VMD,Jonathan K. Armstrong PhD. Infection Rates and Healing Using Bone Wax and a Soluble Polymer Material[J]. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 2008,466(2) :93-94.
[14]李友铁,王军.探索清防蜡新方法提高结蜡井综合管理水平[J].内蒙古石油化工,2007,(05):27-28.
[15]戴士角.稠油油藏油井清防蜡规律研究[J].内江科技, 2009, (03):18-19.
[16]王备战,邹远北,周隆斌,林清峰,王在东.油田开发后期油井清蜡防蜡方法[J].油气地质与采收率, 2003,(03):30-31.
[17]刘军善,缑芸,侯超,罗素华,陈强.文东油田油井结蜡机理研究及防治技术[J].内蒙古石油化工,2007,(12):15-16.
[18]樊登平.浅析广北油田结蜡机理及清防蜡技术[J].江汉石油职工大学学报,2007,(06):25-26.
[19]张立新.三种驱替方式下熔蜡实验研究[J].化学与生物工程,2010,(05):21.
[20]冯耀忠,李宗乾.采油生产中的结蜡问题[J].国外油田工程,1992,(02):67.
[21]杨智勇.高压低渗区块油井清防蜡技术研究[J].才智,2009,(05):55.
[22]杜迎庆,李长宏.浅析油井结蜡对系统效率的影响[J].油气田地面工程,2003,(06):47-49.
[23]潘茂顺.水乡油田油井清防蜡行为研究[J] .内江科技,2009,(06):31.
[24]卿鹏程,吴尚斌,李家旭,阎长生,张飘石.曙三区油井化学清防蜡[J].油田化学,1998,(03):28.
[25]宋桂芳,王伟,高树昌.临南油田油井结蜡机理的研究与防治[J].今日科苑,2009,(18):10-12.
[26]张立新.原油性质对油井结蜡程度的影响[J].油气田地面工程,2010,(08):55-57.
[27]李勇.欢喜岭油田油井结蜡规律及清防蜡技术[J].中外能源,2009,(05):45-46.
[28]杜迎庆,李长宏.浅析油井结蜡对系统效率的影响[J].油气田地面工程,2003,(06):17-18.
[29]高立江,徐遵义.海南区块清防蜡效果分析[J].石油钻采工艺,2004,(S1):30-32.
[30] Olsen H W, Nichols R W, Rice T L. Low gradient permeability measurements in a triaxial system .Geotechnique. 1985, 35(2) :145 157 .
[31] Designing of an Automatic Paraffin Controlling Device for a Beam Well[J]. International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management, 2008,(02):45-47.
[32] Baudilio Coto,Carmen Martos,Jose′L, Pena,Juan J, Espada,Mar?a D.Robustillo. A new method for the determination of wax precipitation from non-diluted crude oils by fractional precipitation[J] .Fuel. 2008, :1-5 .
[33] Lukman Ismail,Robin E. Westacott,Xiongwei Ni. On the effect of wax content on paraffin wax deposition in a batch oscillatory baffled tube apparatus[J] .Chemical Engineering Journal, 2008, (137) :205-209 .
[34] Mingyuan Lia,Meiqin Lina,Zhaoliang Wua,Alfred A. Christy. The influence of NaOH on the stability of paraffinic crude oil emulsion[J] .Fuel, 2004, 84 (84) :183-187 .
[35] Siddhartha Seth,Brian F, Towler. Diachronic viscosity increase in waxy crude oils[J] .Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2004, (43) :13-23 .
[36] D.Morel, S.Jouenne, E.Nahas.Feasibility study for EOR by polymer injection in deep offshore fields. IPTC 11800,2007: 1~6.
[37] Han, M., Xiang, W., Zhang, J., Jiang, W., Sun F. Application of EOR technolgoy by means of polymer flooding in Bohai oilfield. SPE 104432, 2006:5~7.
[38] M.A.de Melo, C.R.C de Holleben, I.P.G. da Silver, A. de Barros Correia, G.A. da Silva, A.J. Rosa, A.G. Lins, J. C. de lima. SPE 94898,2005:1~16.
[39] Dongmei Wang, R.S. Seright, Zhenbo Shao, Jinmei Wang. Key aspects of project design for polymer flooding. SPE 109682,2007:1~8.
[40] Yang Fulin. A pilot test of high-concentration polymer flooding to further enhance oil recovery. SPE99354, 2006:1~8.
[2]刘忠运,陆晓锋,汤超.关娇娇油田清防蜡剂的研究进展及发展趋势[J].当代化工,2009,(05):20-22.
[3]肖进军.油井结蜡及清防蜡技术探讨[J].化学工程与装备,2010,(07):33-35.
[4]武继辉,孙军,贺志刚,喻西崇.油井清、防蜡技术研究现状[J].油气田地面工程,2004,(07):47-48.
[5]李灵芝,潘新军,钱忆春,徐俊,丁院平.油井结蜡相关因素分析和清防蜡对策[J].小型油气藏,2004,(02):31-33.
[6]马志峰,王重阳.油井结蜡及清防蜡方法探讨[J].科技传播,2010,(23):15-16.
[7] Designing of an Automatic Paraffin Controlling Device for a Beam Well[J]. International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management, 2008,(02) :72-73.
[8]聂翠平,张家明,李文彬.油井清防蜡技术及其应用分析[J].内蒙古石油化工,2008,(18):41-42.
[9]彭向明,项明杰.油井结蜡机理及清防蜡技术在靖安油田的研究应用[J].石油化工应用,2007,(04):33-34.
[10]肖立国.榆树林油田清防蜡技术室内评价与应用研究[D].大庆石油学院,2009:57-58.
[11] Wei Wu,Manfred H. Wagner,Zhongde Xu. Surface treatment mechanism of nano-SiO2 and the properties of PP/nano-SiO2 composite materials[J]. Colloid and Polymer Science, 2003,281(6) :78.
[12] Changfeng Yi,Zushun Xu,Warren T. Ford. Nano-sized dendrimer PAMAM /polystyrene composite polymer emulsion[J]. Colloid and Polymer Science, 2004,282(9):89-90.
[13] Tadeusz Wellisz MD,Yuehuei H. An MD,Xuejun Wen MD, PhD,Qian Kang MD,Christopher M. Hill VMD,Jonathan K. Armstrong PhD. Infection Rates and Healing Using Bone Wax and a Soluble Polymer Material[J]. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 2008,466(2) :93-94.
[14]李友铁,王军.探索清防蜡新方法提高结蜡井综合管理水平[J].内蒙古石油化工,2007,(05):27-28.
[15]戴士角.稠油油藏油井清防蜡规律研究[J].内江科技, 2009, (03):18-19.
[16]王备战,邹远北,周隆斌,林清峰,王在东.油田开发后期油井清蜡防蜡方法[J].油气地质与采收率, 2003,(03):30-31.
[17]刘军善,缑芸,侯超,罗素华,陈强.文东油田油井结蜡机理研究及防治技术[J].内蒙古石油化工,2007,(12):15-16.
[18]樊登平.浅析广北油田结蜡机理及清防蜡技术[J].江汉石油职工大学学报,2007,(06):25-26.
[19]张立新.三种驱替方式下熔蜡实验研究[J].化学与生物工程,2010,(05):21.
[20]冯耀忠,李宗乾.采油生产中的结蜡问题[J].国外油田工程,1992,(02):67.
[21]杨智勇.高压低渗区块油井清防蜡技术研究[J].才智,2009,(05):55.
[22]杜迎庆,李长宏.浅析油井结蜡对系统效率的影响[J].油气田地面工程,2003,(06):47-49.
[23]潘茂顺.水乡油田油井清防蜡行为研究[J] .内江科技,2009,(06):31.
[24]卿鹏程,吴尚斌,李家旭,阎长生,张飘石.曙三区油井化学清防蜡[J].油田化学,1998,(03):28.
[25]宋桂芳,王伟,高树昌.临南油田油井结蜡机理的研究与防治[J].今日科苑,2009,(18):10-12.
[26]张立新.原油性质对油井结蜡程度的影响[J].油气田地面工程,2010,(08):55-57.
[27]李勇.欢喜岭油田油井结蜡规律及清防蜡技术[J].中外能源,2009,(05):45-46.
[28]杜迎庆,李长宏.浅析油井结蜡对系统效率的影响[J].油气田地面工程,2003,(06):17-18.
[29]高立江,徐遵义.海南区块清防蜡效果分析[J].石油钻采工艺,2004,(S1):30-32.
[30] Olsen H W, Nichols R W, Rice T L. Low gradient permeability measurements in a triaxial system .Geotechnique. 1985, 35(2) :145 157 .
[31] Designing of an Automatic Paraffin Controlling Device for a Beam Well[J]. International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management, 2008,(02):45-47.
[32] Baudilio Coto,Carmen Martos,Jose′L, Pena,Juan J, Espada,Mar?a D.Robustillo. A new method for the determination of wax precipitation from non-diluted crude oils by fractional precipitation[J] .Fuel. 2008, :1-5 .
[33] Lukman Ismail,Robin E. Westacott,Xiongwei Ni. On the effect of wax content on paraffin wax deposition in a batch oscillatory baffled tube apparatus[J] .Chemical Engineering Journal, 2008, (137) :205-209 .
[34] Mingyuan Lia,Meiqin Lina,Zhaoliang Wua,Alfred A. Christy. The influence of NaOH on the stability of paraffinic crude oil emulsion[J] .Fuel, 2004, 84 (84) :183-187 .
[35] Siddhartha Seth,Brian F, Towler. Diachronic viscosity increase in waxy crude oils[J] .Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2004, (43) :13-23 .
[36] D.Morel, S.Jouenne, E.Nahas.Feasibility study for EOR by polymer injection in deep offshore fields. IPTC 11800,2007: 1~6.
[37] Han, M., Xiang, W., Zhang, J., Jiang, W., Sun F. Application of EOR technolgoy by means of polymer flooding in Bohai oilfield. SPE 104432, 2006:5~7.
[38] M.A.de Melo, C.R.C de Holleben, I.P.G. da Silver, A. de Barros Correia, G.A. da Silva, A.J. Rosa, A.G. Lins, J. C. de lima. SPE 94898,2005:1~16.
[39] Dongmei Wang, R.S. Seright, Zhenbo Shao, Jinmei Wang. Key aspects of project design for polymer flooding. SPE 109682,2007:1~8.
[40] Yang Fulin. A pilot test of high-concentration polymer flooding to further enhance oil recovery. SPE99354, 2006:1~8.