战略联盟导向下的中国轿车企业创新模式研究
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摘要
汽车产业是我国的支柱产业,而轿车作为目前需求应用量最大的产业,又对国民经济的发展具有举足轻重的作用。从1984年北京吉普的成立至今,我国汽车工业的发展已走过了20个春秋,在这20多年里,我国轿车行业也经历了翻天覆地地变化。轿车核心技术能力的缺失一度制约了轿车企业的生产和发展,随着改革开发和政府政策导向的改变,我国轿车产业走上了与跨国汽车企业合资引进技术资金的战略联盟发展道路。本文试图通过对战略联盟到导向下的中国轿车产业发展进行研究从而发现我国轿车企业创新发展的模式并对其进行研究,以期对中国轿车企业的发展提供一些帮助。
本文首先从战略联盟的发展史和理论基础来源的相关研究的回顾开始,加以对轿车创新研究的综述,了解现有的针对轿车产业创新研究的几大研究方向所在。在文献综述的基础上,本文从企业创新发展的模式及其选择方式入手,探讨了企业创新发展的三大模式,通过分析各种模式的优劣势以得到选择模式的依据要素。接下来,本文从战略联盟的角度回顾中国轿车产业的发展历程,在分析了解中国轿车产业进行战略联盟的动因后,对战略联盟在轿车产业发展中发挥的作用进行具体分析研究,也看到了由此给中国轿车产业发展带来的问题。随后,在第四章中国轿车企业创新发展模式中,笔者对我国轿车企业的创新模式进行了定义,提出了该模式的五大发展阶段,通过对各大阶段的发展进行分析后指出我国轿车产业仍处于该模式的第四阶段,还未完全进入第五阶段。最后,笔者将一汽-大众作为案例分析对前面的理论进行论证,即在分析一汽-大众的联盟发展历程基础上,对代表其创新能力的两大因素进行剖析,验证了笔者先前的论断。
以战略联盟背景下的中国轿车企业作为研究对象,本文在战略管理、技术创新管理等相关理论的基础上,通过对国内主要轿车生产厂商的数据分析,得出了我国轿车产业的联盟创新发展模式,并结合实际企业进行论证,以期为中国轿车企业的发展提供一定的借鉴和帮助。
The automobile industry is a pillar industry in our country,and as the most needed industry,the car industry plays an important role in the national economic development.From the establishment of Beijing Jeep in 1984 to now,our automobile industry has passed twenty years,and during these 20 years,our car industry also changed a lot.At one time,lack of core technical capacity has restricted the production and development of cars,accompanied by Reform and Opening-up and the change of governmental policy,our car industry took the strategic alliance road by joint ventures with multinational automobile enterprises to bring in technology and funds.The article tries to work on the strategic alliance oriented Chinese car industry development to find out the innovational mode of our car industry,hoping to provide some help to the development of Chinese car industry.
Firstly,the article started with the story of strategic alliance and theories based on,combined with the overview of the research on the car innovation to understand the different attitudes towards innovational research of car industry.Based on the literature review,the text proceed with innovational development modes of enterprises and its selection to discuss three kinds of innovational development modes. After analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the modes to find out the determined factors in selecting the modes.Then the article recalled the course of the car industry development from the perspective of strategic alliances in China, followed by the analysis of strategic alliance motivation in Chinese car industry to do specific research on the role the strategic alliance played in the car industry.At the same time,the text pointed out the problem brought by the alliance.Subsequently,the writer defined the innovational mode of our car industry in chapter four and indicated the five developmental periods of the mode.Through demonstrating these five periods, the writer approved that our car industry has stayed in the fourth step,but not in the step five.At last,the writer chose Faw-Volkswagen as a case to demonstrate the prior analysis.This means in order to prove the prior analysis,the writer worked on the basis of Faw-Volkswagen's developmental story to examine the two factors which representing its innovational capacity.
Taking China's auto enterprises as the objects of study against the backdrop of strategic alliances,this dissertation/paper/thesis gives out the innovative development mode in the alliances of China's auto industry,through the analysis of the data from some major auto enterprises based on the theories of strategic management and technical innovation management,and demonstrates with the situation of actual enterprises,in order to provide some reference and assistance for China's auto enterprises.
本文首先从战略联盟的发展史和理论基础来源的相关研究的回顾开始,加以对轿车创新研究的综述,了解现有的针对轿车产业创新研究的几大研究方向所在。在文献综述的基础上,本文从企业创新发展的模式及其选择方式入手,探讨了企业创新发展的三大模式,通过分析各种模式的优劣势以得到选择模式的依据要素。接下来,本文从战略联盟的角度回顾中国轿车产业的发展历程,在分析了解中国轿车产业进行战略联盟的动因后,对战略联盟在轿车产业发展中发挥的作用进行具体分析研究,也看到了由此给中国轿车产业发展带来的问题。随后,在第四章中国轿车企业创新发展模式中,笔者对我国轿车企业的创新模式进行了定义,提出了该模式的五大发展阶段,通过对各大阶段的发展进行分析后指出我国轿车产业仍处于该模式的第四阶段,还未完全进入第五阶段。最后,笔者将一汽-大众作为案例分析对前面的理论进行论证,即在分析一汽-大众的联盟发展历程基础上,对代表其创新能力的两大因素进行剖析,验证了笔者先前的论断。
以战略联盟背景下的中国轿车企业作为研究对象,本文在战略管理、技术创新管理等相关理论的基础上,通过对国内主要轿车生产厂商的数据分析,得出了我国轿车产业的联盟创新发展模式,并结合实际企业进行论证,以期为中国轿车企业的发展提供一定的借鉴和帮助。
The automobile industry is a pillar industry in our country,and as the most needed industry,the car industry plays an important role in the national economic development.From the establishment of Beijing Jeep in 1984 to now,our automobile industry has passed twenty years,and during these 20 years,our car industry also changed a lot.At one time,lack of core technical capacity has restricted the production and development of cars,accompanied by Reform and Opening-up and the change of governmental policy,our car industry took the strategic alliance road by joint ventures with multinational automobile enterprises to bring in technology and funds.The article tries to work on the strategic alliance oriented Chinese car industry development to find out the innovational mode of our car industry,hoping to provide some help to the development of Chinese car industry.
Firstly,the article started with the story of strategic alliance and theories based on,combined with the overview of the research on the car innovation to understand the different attitudes towards innovational research of car industry.Based on the literature review,the text proceed with innovational development modes of enterprises and its selection to discuss three kinds of innovational development modes. After analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the modes to find out the determined factors in selecting the modes.Then the article recalled the course of the car industry development from the perspective of strategic alliances in China, followed by the analysis of strategic alliance motivation in Chinese car industry to do specific research on the role the strategic alliance played in the car industry.At the same time,the text pointed out the problem brought by the alliance.Subsequently,the writer defined the innovational mode of our car industry in chapter four and indicated the five developmental periods of the mode.Through demonstrating these five periods, the writer approved that our car industry has stayed in the fourth step,but not in the step five.At last,the writer chose Faw-Volkswagen as a case to demonstrate the prior analysis.This means in order to prove the prior analysis,the writer worked on the basis of Faw-Volkswagen's developmental story to examine the two factors which representing its innovational capacity.
Taking China's auto enterprises as the objects of study against the backdrop of strategic alliances,this dissertation/paper/thesis gives out the innovative development mode in the alliances of China's auto industry,through the analysis of the data from some major auto enterprises based on the theories of strategic management and technical innovation management,and demonstrates with the situation of actual enterprises,in order to provide some reference and assistance for China's auto enterprises.
引文
[1]张小兰.论企业战略联盟.西南财经大学,2003
[2]杨小川,禹来.跨国战略联盟及其理论解释.南方经济,1999(7)
[3](美)迈克尔·波特(Porter,M.E.)著,陈小悦译.竞争优势.北京:华夏出版社,1997.1
[4]Teece,D.J.Compitition,Cooperation,and Innovation:Organizational arrangements for regimes of rapid technological progress[J].Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization,1992(18)
[5]Lynch,Robert Porter,Business Alliances Guide:the Hidden Competitive Weapon.1993
[6]陈艺文.战略联盟的文化差异与文化融合探析.广东工业大学学报,2002(12)
[7]张维迎.企业的企业家—契约理论[M].上海人民出版社,2001.2
[8]R.H.Coash.The Nature of the Finn.The London School of Economics and Political Science,1937
[9]简兆权,刘益.企业理论的演进与最新前沿[J].西安交通大学学报,2000
[10]O.E.Williamson.Transaction Cost Economics:The Governance of Contractual Relations,Journal of Lawand Economics,October,22
[11]威廉姆森.资本主义经济制度.商务印书馆,2002
[12]袁博.交易费用理论框架下中国网络银行发展研究.新金融,2003(6)
[13]王洪涛.威廉姆森交易费用理论述评.经济经纬,2004(4)
[14]王卿.关于战略联盟的理论述评.江苏商论,2006(9)
[15]DAS T K,TENG B S.A resource-based theory of strategic alliance[J].Journal of Management,2000,26(1)
[16]陈至发.企业战略联盟的竞争优势:基于资源理论的观点.商业研究,2006(10)
[17]Michael Porter.The Competitive Advantage.Beijing:Huaxia Publishing Co.Ltd,1997
[18]Kogut B.Joint ventures:theoretical and empirical perspectives.Strategic Management Journal,1988.9(2)
[19]Peter Hines.Integrated Materials Management:The Value Chain Redefined[J].International Journal of Logistics Management,1993(4)
[20]吴海平,宣国良.价值网络的本质及其竞争优势.经济管理,2002(24)
[21]李振忠.战略联盟理论分析.特区经济,2006(4)
[22](美)道格拉斯·C·诺思(Douglass C.Noah)著,陈郁,罗华平译.经济史中的结构与变迁.上海:上海人民出版社,1994.12
[23]陈仲常,杨怡,龚锐.马克思劳动力商品理论与现代企业合约理论研究.探索,2004(3)
[24]邓向荣.企业组织创新动因的经济学思考.生产力研究,2006(9)
[25]柳曙光,袁晃.知识性企业组织创新的类型及比较分析.科技管理研究,2008(1)
[26]周三多,陈传明,鲁明泓.管理学—原理与方法.复旦大学出版社,2003
[27]王汝志.中小企业市场创新.工业技术经济,2005(8)
[28]周敏,田苗.略论市场创新.科协论坛,2007(8)
[29]冷克平,梅占军.关于中小企业模仿创新问题的探讨.现代管理科学,2005(1)
[30]牛虎明.企业创新模式的几种类型.电器工业,2007(3)
[31]杜蕾.中国轿车工业发展研究.西南财经大学出版社,2006.5
[32]刘志迎.中国轿车产业发展—基于产业组织理论的研究.合肥工业大学出版社,2005.9
[33]乔军.跨国汽车公司的中国发展战略及其对中国汽车产业的影响.清华大学工商管理硕士论文,2005.6
[34]唐辉宇.浅析我国汽车售后服务.北京汽车,2003(5)
[35]黄波.中国一汽集团公司轿车战略管理研究.湖南大学工商管理硕士学位论文,2004.5
[36]颜光华.涉外企业经营管理.上海:立信会计出版社,1997.10
[37]史舒.中国汽车工业对外合作回顾.中国商报—汽车导报,2003.7.10
[38]张晓光.涉外企业管理.电子工业出版社,2006.1
[39]赵科军.我国汽车产业实施自主创新战略中的问题及对策分析.华中科技大学硕士学位论文,2007.4
[40]窦泽文.跨国公司技术转移与中国轿车产业发展.武汉理工大学管理学硕士学位论文,2005.5
[41]朱青松.我国汽车企业专利战略研究.天津大学管理学硕士论文,2007.5
[42]张宇.一汽.大众新宝来轿车北京车展全球首发.汽车维修,2008.6
[43]姜涛.一汽-大众产品研发技术创新战略研究.吉林大学硕士学位论文,2007.11
[2]杨小川,禹来.跨国战略联盟及其理论解释.南方经济,1999(7)
[3](美)迈克尔·波特(Porter,M.E.)著,陈小悦译.竞争优势.北京:华夏出版社,1997.1
[4]Teece,D.J.Compitition,Cooperation,and Innovation:Organizational arrangements for regimes of rapid technological progress[J].Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization,1992(18)
[5]Lynch,Robert Porter,Business Alliances Guide:the Hidden Competitive Weapon.1993
[6]陈艺文.战略联盟的文化差异与文化融合探析.广东工业大学学报,2002(12)
[7]张维迎.企业的企业家—契约理论[M].上海人民出版社,2001.2
[8]R.H.Coash.The Nature of the Finn.The London School of Economics and Political Science,1937
[9]简兆权,刘益.企业理论的演进与最新前沿[J].西安交通大学学报,2000
[10]O.E.Williamson.Transaction Cost Economics:The Governance of Contractual Relations,Journal of Lawand Economics,October,22
[11]威廉姆森.资本主义经济制度.商务印书馆,2002
[12]袁博.交易费用理论框架下中国网络银行发展研究.新金融,2003(6)
[13]王洪涛.威廉姆森交易费用理论述评.经济经纬,2004(4)
[14]王卿.关于战略联盟的理论述评.江苏商论,2006(9)
[15]DAS T K,TENG B S.A resource-based theory of strategic alliance[J].Journal of Management,2000,26(1)
[16]陈至发.企业战略联盟的竞争优势:基于资源理论的观点.商业研究,2006(10)
[17]Michael Porter.The Competitive Advantage.Beijing:Huaxia Publishing Co.Ltd,1997
[18]Kogut B.Joint ventures:theoretical and empirical perspectives.Strategic Management Journal,1988.9(2)
[19]Peter Hines.Integrated Materials Management:The Value Chain Redefined[J].International Journal of Logistics Management,1993(4)
[20]吴海平,宣国良.价值网络的本质及其竞争优势.经济管理,2002(24)
[21]李振忠.战略联盟理论分析.特区经济,2006(4)
[22](美)道格拉斯·C·诺思(Douglass C.Noah)著,陈郁,罗华平译.经济史中的结构与变迁.上海:上海人民出版社,1994.12
[23]陈仲常,杨怡,龚锐.马克思劳动力商品理论与现代企业合约理论研究.探索,2004(3)
[24]邓向荣.企业组织创新动因的经济学思考.生产力研究,2006(9)
[25]柳曙光,袁晃.知识性企业组织创新的类型及比较分析.科技管理研究,2008(1)
[26]周三多,陈传明,鲁明泓.管理学—原理与方法.复旦大学出版社,2003
[27]王汝志.中小企业市场创新.工业技术经济,2005(8)
[28]周敏,田苗.略论市场创新.科协论坛,2007(8)
[29]冷克平,梅占军.关于中小企业模仿创新问题的探讨.现代管理科学,2005(1)
[30]牛虎明.企业创新模式的几种类型.电器工业,2007(3)
[31]杜蕾.中国轿车工业发展研究.西南财经大学出版社,2006.5
[32]刘志迎.中国轿车产业发展—基于产业组织理论的研究.合肥工业大学出版社,2005.9
[33]乔军.跨国汽车公司的中国发展战略及其对中国汽车产业的影响.清华大学工商管理硕士论文,2005.6
[34]唐辉宇.浅析我国汽车售后服务.北京汽车,2003(5)
[35]黄波.中国一汽集团公司轿车战略管理研究.湖南大学工商管理硕士学位论文,2004.5
[36]颜光华.涉外企业经营管理.上海:立信会计出版社,1997.10
[37]史舒.中国汽车工业对外合作回顾.中国商报—汽车导报,2003.7.10
[38]张晓光.涉外企业管理.电子工业出版社,2006.1
[39]赵科军.我国汽车产业实施自主创新战略中的问题及对策分析.华中科技大学硕士学位论文,2007.4
[40]窦泽文.跨国公司技术转移与中国轿车产业发展.武汉理工大学管理学硕士学位论文,2005.5
[41]朱青松.我国汽车企业专利战略研究.天津大学管理学硕士论文,2007.5
[42]张宇.一汽.大众新宝来轿车北京车展全球首发.汽车维修,2008.6
[43]姜涛.一汽-大众产品研发技术创新战略研究.吉林大学硕士学位论文,2007.11