基于VTS和AIS的神华沿海电厂船舶交通信息管理系统研究
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摘要
21世纪,我国国民经济呈现快速、稳定的发展。这种高速发展带来了对电力需求的快速增长,进而影响到我国电力行业、冶金行业以及石化行业向沿海区域逐步调整,沿海电厂数量逐步增多、规模逐步扩大,煤炭水运需求数量增加,煤炭运输船舶数量也不断增多。
中国神华集团有限责任公司(简称神华集团),是世界领先的以煤炭为基础的一体化能源集团,其中神华北京国华电力有限责任公司全面负责集团电力业务的经营管理,其管控全资、控股、参股企业33家,管理资产总额达到了816亿元。每年海运煤炭需求数量巨大,但神华电厂在船舶运输的调度和监管方面主要依靠海运公司、港务局和船舶交通所经过的海事管理系统进行统一的监管,自主的信息获取能力差、信息渠道闭塞,这将严重地影响到各个电厂煤炭供应的规划、调度和实时监管的高效性。因此,在这一背景下,构建神华沿海电厂船舶交通信息管理系统,增强企业对煤炭运输船舶的掌控能力,对保证企业稳定、高效的生产运行,乃至对保障我国国民经济健康发展都会有着重要意义。
本文基于VTS和AIS技术,从明确船舶交通信息管理系统构建的思路、系统构建目标入手,在系统的总体框架下,通过具体的实现方案来完成系统建设方案。从而最终通过提高神华电厂对运煤船舶的交通管理能力、实时监控能力以及应急能力等来增强神华集团对沿海电厂煤炭供应的掌控能力,降低企业运行的风险,提高运作效率。
China's national economy showed rapid and stable development, during 21st century. This rapid development has brought rapid growth in electricity demand, thereby affecting China's electric power industry, metallurgical industry and petrochemical industry gradually adjusted to the coastal areas, and then gradually increasing the number of coastal power plants and gradually expand the scale increase in the number of coal water transport demand, so the number of coal transportation ships have continued to increase.
China Shenhua Group Corporation Limited (Shenhua Group), is the world's leading integrated coal-based energy Group, which Shenhua Beijing Guohua Power Company Limited responsibles for the operation and management of power business, which the number of control the whole owned, controlled or shares of enterprises up to 33,and it's managed total assets reached 81.6 billion yuan. The coastal power plants of Shenhua demand huge amount of seaborne coal annually, but the shipping plant in the scheduling and supervision mainly rely on shipping companies, port authorities and maritime vessel traffic management system through a unified supervision, poor access to information independent of information channels occlusion, which would seriously affect the supply of coal to various power plant planning, scheduling and real-time monitoring of the efficiency. Therefore, in this context, it is of great practical significance that this paper structures Shenhua vessel traffic information management system for the coastal power plant, to enhance the control of the coal transportation capacity of the ship, to ensure that enterprises of stable and efficient production operations, as well as the protection of the healthy development of China's national economy will have a significance.
The thesis based on the VTS and AIS technology, starting at the idea and the goal of the Vessel Traffic Information Management System, and through specific implementation plan to complete system construction program in the overall framework of the system. Thus ultimately enhance the control ability of Shenhua Group to the supply of coal for coastal power plants, reduce the operating risk and improve operational efficiency by raising the capability of Shenhua coal power plant on the vessel traffic management, the real-time monitoring capability and the ability to solve emergency event.
中国神华集团有限责任公司(简称神华集团),是世界领先的以煤炭为基础的一体化能源集团,其中神华北京国华电力有限责任公司全面负责集团电力业务的经营管理,其管控全资、控股、参股企业33家,管理资产总额达到了816亿元。每年海运煤炭需求数量巨大,但神华电厂在船舶运输的调度和监管方面主要依靠海运公司、港务局和船舶交通所经过的海事管理系统进行统一的监管,自主的信息获取能力差、信息渠道闭塞,这将严重地影响到各个电厂煤炭供应的规划、调度和实时监管的高效性。因此,在这一背景下,构建神华沿海电厂船舶交通信息管理系统,增强企业对煤炭运输船舶的掌控能力,对保证企业稳定、高效的生产运行,乃至对保障我国国民经济健康发展都会有着重要意义。
本文基于VTS和AIS技术,从明确船舶交通信息管理系统构建的思路、系统构建目标入手,在系统的总体框架下,通过具体的实现方案来完成系统建设方案。从而最终通过提高神华电厂对运煤船舶的交通管理能力、实时监控能力以及应急能力等来增强神华集团对沿海电厂煤炭供应的掌控能力,降低企业运行的风险,提高运作效率。
China's national economy showed rapid and stable development, during 21st century. This rapid development has brought rapid growth in electricity demand, thereby affecting China's electric power industry, metallurgical industry and petrochemical industry gradually adjusted to the coastal areas, and then gradually increasing the number of coastal power plants and gradually expand the scale increase in the number of coal water transport demand, so the number of coal transportation ships have continued to increase.
China Shenhua Group Corporation Limited (Shenhua Group), is the world's leading integrated coal-based energy Group, which Shenhua Beijing Guohua Power Company Limited responsibles for the operation and management of power business, which the number of control the whole owned, controlled or shares of enterprises up to 33,and it's managed total assets reached 81.6 billion yuan. The coastal power plants of Shenhua demand huge amount of seaborne coal annually, but the shipping plant in the scheduling and supervision mainly rely on shipping companies, port authorities and maritime vessel traffic management system through a unified supervision, poor access to information independent of information channels occlusion, which would seriously affect the supply of coal to various power plant planning, scheduling and real-time monitoring of the efficiency. Therefore, in this context, it is of great practical significance that this paper structures Shenhua vessel traffic information management system for the coastal power plant, to enhance the control of the coal transportation capacity of the ship, to ensure that enterprises of stable and efficient production operations, as well as the protection of the healthy development of China's national economy will have a significance.
The thesis based on the VTS and AIS technology, starting at the idea and the goal of the Vessel Traffic Information Management System, and through specific implementation plan to complete system construction program in the overall framework of the system. Thus ultimately enhance the control ability of Shenhua Group to the supply of coal for coastal power plants, reduce the operating risk and improve operational efficiency by raising the capability of Shenhua coal power plant on the vessel traffic management, the real-time monitoring capability and the ability to solve emergency event.
引文
[1]翁丹,浅谈VTS的信息服务,物流工程与管理,2010.7：50-51
[2]熊志坚,VTS在我国海事监管服务中的作用,基础及前沿研究,2009,13：65-66
[3]张哲、钟纪锋,推进我国VTS全面发展,水运管理,2010,1：35-37
[4]刘月、胜黄习、刚何荣希,我国VTS系统数据交换格式最新实践,中国水运,2009,5：36-37
[5]江帆,AIS的发展及其前景,航海技术,2000,4：32-34
[6]谷溪,船舶自动识别系统(AIS)的研究和应用,南通航运职业技术学院学报,2003,2(1)：25-30
[7]熊锡龙、郭志新,船舶自动识别系统的应用,中国水运,2003,7：42-43
[8]夏军星,浅谈AIS在中国海事管理中的应用,水运科学研究,2008,4：6-9
[9]耿宁,谈AIS的基本概况及应用,中国水运,2010,10(1)：7-8
[10]郑佳春,船舶交通管理系统(VTS)信息发布技术,航海技术,2004,5：32-34
[11]杨会明,谈VTS的信息服务功能,中国航海学会航标专业委员会第七届大会论文集,282-285
[12]姜凤娇、赵晓凤、赵树平,VTS系统在航道交通管理中的应用研究,交通科技,2010,2：103-108
[13]周志斌,VTS如何做好信息服务,航海技术,2008,2：76-77
[14]吴兆麟、朱军,海上交通工程(第二版),大连海事大学出版社,2004年
[15]谭永烈,广州船舶交通管理中心论文集,2008年
[16]刘月胜、黄习刚、何荣希,我国VTS系统数据交换格式最新实践,中国水运,2009,5：36-37
[17]VTS系统总论,2001年,中华人民共和国海事局.
[18]王振华,信息技术对VTS的影响与应用,天津航海,2003,(2)：44-46.
[19]周懿宗,AIS研究综述,航海科技动态,2001,(5)(6)
[20]李志玉,AIS对船舶安全的影响,中国水运,2009,09(4)：34-35.
[21]黄晓梅.船舶自动识别系统AIS_介绍,江苏船舶,2006,23(5)：41-44.
[22]王伟时,AIS岸基网络方案的设想(续),航海技术,2003,(3)：14-15
[23]唐菲菲.通用自动识别系统(AIS)岸台网络的应用：(硕士学位论文),大连：大连海事大学,2008.
[24]刘传润,AIS信息采集方式的研究,天津航海,2007,(1)：58-59.
[25]纪贤标、邵哲平,潘家财等,AIS信息分布式采集系统的开发及关键技术,上海海事大学学报,2007,28(1)：28-30.
[26]黄丽卿、胡稳才、邵哲平,AIS输出数据包的解包技术研究,集美大学学报,2005,10(1)：37-39.
[27]欧阳星明、张华哲,大型网络MIS系统中基于角色的权限管理,计算机工程与应用,2003,39(4)：142-144.
[28]陈朝阳、邵哲平、郑佳春,AIS通信系统设计及调制器实现,中国航海,2003：10-24
[29]Jones R R,Allen R G.A semi-empirical computerized method for predicting three-performance hull-water impact pressure distributions and forces on high performance hulls,NSRDC Report 4005.Naval Ship Research and Development,Ceter, Bethesda Md,1972:12-87
[30]Allen R G and Jones R R.A simplified method for determining structural design limit pressures on high performance marine vehicles.AIAA/SNAME Advanced Marine Vehicle Conference.1978:111-201
[31]Spencer J S.Structural design of aluminum crew boats.Marine Technology.1975:12-30
[32]吴建华、陶德馨,自动船舶识别系统的信息解码技术研究,武汉理工大学学报,2007,31(4)：595-598.
[33]Heller S R Jr,Jasper N H.On the structural design of planning craft.Quarterly Transactions.Royal Institution of Naval Architects.1960:98-219
[34]梅雄、钟成雄、俞海,AIS技术及其在航行避碰中的应用,中国水运,2006,4(3)：14-15
[35]朱蓉,基于协议的网络通信模式的实现,嘉兴学院学报,2006,18(3)：80-84
[36]史国友、贾传荧等,基于GPRS和电子海图的船舶导航与监控系统,中国航海,2003(4)：62-65.
[37]汤磊、杨春金,基于MapInfo电子海图和AIS的船舶导航系统.中外船舶科技.2007：46-49
[38]http://www.javaeye.com/wiki/topic/208855
[39]http://www.cgi.com/en/home
[40]http://www. oracle.com/technetwork/java/index.html
[2]熊志坚,VTS在我国海事监管服务中的作用,基础及前沿研究,2009,13：65-66
[3]张哲、钟纪锋,推进我国VTS全面发展,水运管理,2010,1：35-37
[4]刘月、胜黄习、刚何荣希,我国VTS系统数据交换格式最新实践,中国水运,2009,5：36-37
[5]江帆,AIS的发展及其前景,航海技术,2000,4：32-34
[6]谷溪,船舶自动识别系统(AIS)的研究和应用,南通航运职业技术学院学报,2003,2(1)：25-30
[7]熊锡龙、郭志新,船舶自动识别系统的应用,中国水运,2003,7：42-43
[8]夏军星,浅谈AIS在中国海事管理中的应用,水运科学研究,2008,4：6-9
[9]耿宁,谈AIS的基本概况及应用,中国水运,2010,10(1)：7-8
[10]郑佳春,船舶交通管理系统(VTS)信息发布技术,航海技术,2004,5：32-34
[11]杨会明,谈VTS的信息服务功能,中国航海学会航标专业委员会第七届大会论文集,282-285
[12]姜凤娇、赵晓凤、赵树平,VTS系统在航道交通管理中的应用研究,交通科技,2010,2：103-108
[13]周志斌,VTS如何做好信息服务,航海技术,2008,2：76-77
[14]吴兆麟、朱军,海上交通工程(第二版),大连海事大学出版社,2004年
[15]谭永烈,广州船舶交通管理中心论文集,2008年
[16]刘月胜、黄习刚、何荣希,我国VTS系统数据交换格式最新实践,中国水运,2009,5：36-37
[17]VTS系统总论,2001年,中华人民共和国海事局.
[18]王振华,信息技术对VTS的影响与应用,天津航海,2003,(2)：44-46.
[19]周懿宗,AIS研究综述,航海科技动态,2001,(5)(6)
[20]李志玉,AIS对船舶安全的影响,中国水运,2009,09(4)：34-35.
[21]黄晓梅.船舶自动识别系统AIS_介绍,江苏船舶,2006,23(5)：41-44.
[22]王伟时,AIS岸基网络方案的设想(续),航海技术,2003,(3)：14-15
[23]唐菲菲.通用自动识别系统(AIS)岸台网络的应用：(硕士学位论文),大连：大连海事大学,2008.
[24]刘传润,AIS信息采集方式的研究,天津航海,2007,(1)：58-59.
[25]纪贤标、邵哲平,潘家财等,AIS信息分布式采集系统的开发及关键技术,上海海事大学学报,2007,28(1)：28-30.
[26]黄丽卿、胡稳才、邵哲平,AIS输出数据包的解包技术研究,集美大学学报,2005,10(1)：37-39.
[27]欧阳星明、张华哲,大型网络MIS系统中基于角色的权限管理,计算机工程与应用,2003,39(4)：142-144.
[28]陈朝阳、邵哲平、郑佳春,AIS通信系统设计及调制器实现,中国航海,2003：10-24
[29]Jones R R,Allen R G.A semi-empirical computerized method for predicting three-performance hull-water impact pressure distributions and forces on high performance hulls,NSRDC Report 4005.Naval Ship Research and Development,Ceter, Bethesda Md,1972:12-87
[30]Allen R G and Jones R R.A simplified method for determining structural design limit pressures on high performance marine vehicles.AIAA/SNAME Advanced Marine Vehicle Conference.1978:111-201
[31]Spencer J S.Structural design of aluminum crew boats.Marine Technology.1975:12-30
[32]吴建华、陶德馨,自动船舶识别系统的信息解码技术研究,武汉理工大学学报,2007,31(4)：595-598.
[33]Heller S R Jr,Jasper N H.On the structural design of planning craft.Quarterly Transactions.Royal Institution of Naval Architects.1960:98-219
[34]梅雄、钟成雄、俞海,AIS技术及其在航行避碰中的应用,中国水运,2006,4(3)：14-15
[35]朱蓉,基于协议的网络通信模式的实现,嘉兴学院学报,2006,18(3)：80-84
[36]史国友、贾传荧等,基于GPRS和电子海图的船舶导航与监控系统,中国航海,2003(4)：62-65.
[37]汤磊、杨春金,基于MapInfo电子海图和AIS的船舶导航系统.中外船舶科技.2007：46-49
[38]http://www.javaeye.com/wiki/topic/208855
[39]http://www.cgi.com/en/home
[40]http://www. oracle.com/technetwork/java/index.html