港口运营结构优化理论、方法与实证研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
港口是水运系统的重要组成部分。港口是综合运输枢纽,是船舶与其他载运工具的衔接点,还是物流的节点和贸易的门户。经济结构、产业结构优化迫切要求港口运营结构优化,但目前对港口存在的运营结构问题及优化策略研究比较薄弱,与港口发展要求不相适应。深入研究港口运营结构,打造港口运营结构优化的系统理论基础,完善港口经济与管理理论体系,对在我国港口刚下放到地方政府、实现了政企分开新形势下,国家和城市政府有关部门进行行业管理、港口企业健康快速发展具有十分重要的理论与现实意义。
     论文提出了港口运营结构概念,论述了经济结构优化、产业结构优化、港口运营结构优化之间的关系,揭示了我国港口运营结构存在的问题,论述港口运营结构优化的意义。
     论文分析了对港口运营影响较大的外部环境因素以及港口内部环境因素,指出了港口只有明确内部的资源和能力,在适应外部环境下,合理优化内部资源和能力配置,才能实现其健康快速发展。
     港口需求是港口运营的主要外部环境因素之一,它包括货物对港口的吞吐量需求和船舶对港口换装作业需求两大方面;港口吞吐量预测、船型发展预测是港口运营结构优化的基础和重要前期工作。论文首次提出对数二次指数平滑模型预测港口吞吐量,用灰色聚类和灰色统计优化船型、预测船型的发展。并用三个典型实例验证了在各种预测方法中对数二次指数平滑模型最适合我国港口吞吐量预测。分析了灰色系统方法比层次分析法、模糊层次评价法客观、可靠的特点。灰色统计和灰色聚类结果基本一致,但更简便、易行,因此,灰色统计是一种比较理想的船型优化方法,可为船型发展预测提供科学依据。
     论文指出了港口基础设施结构优化的重点是泊位结构优化,提出泊位结构主要由通用专业泊位结构、进口出口中转泊位结构、泊位等级结构构成,论述了它们的相互关系,以及这些构成的优化方法,并进行了实证分析。
     论文提出了按港口产品不同对港口生产结构进行分类,探讨了其组成部分关系和比例;给出了集装箱货运站智能管理信息系统思路;论述了干散货、液体散货码头的高效化、自动化,指出了港口应推广使用机械式连续卸船机;
Ports are important components of the water transportation system. They are the terminals of multi-transport, the connecting points between ships and other transport vessels. They are nodes of modern logistics and doors to trade. The optimizing of the structure of economy and industries is pressing for the optimum of the operating structure of ports while on the other hand, the researches on the problems exist in the operating of ports and strategies to optimizing the items are rather feeble at present, which is not in accordance with the requirement of the port developing. It is of great significance both in theory and practice to concentrate on the research about the operating structure of ports and building the systemic theory basis on the optimum of it. The research is in favor of perfecting the economy and management theory system of ports. Especially, the research will assist the country and certain departments in local governments to manage the industry and expedite the healthy and rapid development of port corporations under the new background of that ports have been exactly let go down to the local governments and have governments separated from the companies.
    The thesis has represented the concept of the operating structure of ports; discussed the relationships among the optimum of economic structure, industry structure and the operating structure of ports; revealed the problems exist in the operating structure of ports in our country; illustrated the significance of the optimum of the operating structure of ports.
    The thesis has analyzed the elements that do much more influence on the port operation in the environment outside and inside the ports. It points out that to realize the healthy and rapid development of ports, there aren't other ways but make clear about the resources and abilities internal, then optimize the scheme of them adjusting to environment external.
    The demand for ports is one main factor of the environment outside the ports in the port operation. It includes the demand of cargo for ports' throughput and the demand of ships for ports' handling. The throughput forecast of ports and the
引文
[1] 林善炜.中国经济结构调整战略.北京:中国社会科学出版社,2003.1~5
    [2] 中国国家统计局.中国工业经济统计年鉴,2004.北京:中国统计出版社,2004.7~8
    [3] 中国国家统计局.国际统计年鉴,2004.北京:中国统计出版社,2004.6
    [4] 曾虹.港口管理.北京:人民交通出版社,2005.7~11
    [5] 龚仰军,应勤俭.产业结构与政策.上海:立信会计出版社,1999
    [6] 方甲.产业结构问题研究.北京:中国人民大学出版社,1995
    [7] 方然.21世纪初期中国沿海港口发展面临的形势分析.中国港口,2002(2):7~8
    [8] 张德洪,顾家骏.运输船舶船型技术经济论证方法.北京:人民交通出版,1989.336~340
    [9] 米翠兰.二次指数平滑法的研究与应用.华北煤炭医学院学报,2000(5):524~525
    [10] 王国玉.投资项目评估学.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2004.140
    [11] 肖新平,邓旅成,查金茂.灰色系统分析理论及其应用.大连海事大学出版,1997.105~118
    [12] 张启振,张阿芬,吴振奋,等.项目投资评估.厦门:厦门大学出版社,2001.55~58
    [13] 邹俊善.现代港口经济学.北京:人民交通出版社,1997
    [14] 杨兆升.运输系统规划与模型.北京:人民交通出版社,1996
    [15] 王彩当.内河船型技术经济论证.北京:人民交通出版社,1996.226
    [16] 真虹,张婕妹.物流企业仓储管理与实务.北京:中国物资出版社,2003.60~62
    [17] 刘舒燕.交通运输系统工程.北京:人民交通出版社,1998.199~122
    [18] 刘普寅,吴孟达.模糊理论及其应用.长沙:国防科技大学出版社,1998.55~58,195~200
    [19] 张矢宇.内河运输供给分析的理论、方法与实证研究:[博士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学,2003
    [20] 邓聚龙.灰色系统理论教程.武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1990.1~20
    [21] 肖新平.灰色间隔分析及其应用.系统工程,1996,2:71~74
    [22] 邓聚龙.多维灰色规划.武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1989
    [23] 施伯香,邱志雄.论港口产业结构调整与老港区改造.2001(9):25
    [24] 刘虹.中国港口结构的三大调整.中国港口,2001(7):21
    [25] 曹有挥,现代芜湖港功能变化分析,经济地理,1997(4):87
    [26] 徐永健,阎小培,许学强.现代港口多功能发展研究.经济地理,2001(3):235~237
    [27] 孙国康.港口结构调整的理性思考.中国港口,2001(11)
    [28] 丁以中等.发展港口物流信息系统中的若干误区.水运管理,2002(12)
    [29] 包起帆等.上海港集装箱智能化管理技术.港口装卸,2003(4):15~16
    [30] 陆瑞峰.港口实现快速发展目标的路径选择.水运管理,2002(1)
    [31] Chen Ning, Fang Fengping, Fang xuefei. The Application of IMIS in Container Freight Station. In: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Logistics Strategy for Ports. Dalian: Dalian Maritime University, 2004. 771~777
    [32] Steve Hodges. Demystify RFID: Principles & Practicalities, White Paper Auto -id Center Institute for Manufacturing. University of Cambridge, 2003(10)
    [33] Hao Min. RFID in China, White Paper Auto-id Center Fudan University of Cambridge, 2003(10)
    [34] Sanjay Sarma. On the Future of RFID Tags and Protocol, Technical Report, Auto - id Center Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003(6)
    [35] Vince Stanfor: Pervasive Computing Goes the Last Hundred Feet with RFID Systems Pervasive Computing, 2003(2)
    [36] Roy Want. Enabling Ubiquitous Sensing with RFID Computer, 2004(4)
    [37] Bahl P Padmanabhan VNRADAR: An In-Building RF-based User Location and Tracking System. In Proc. of Joint Conference of the IEEE Compute and Communications Societies (INFOCOM), 2000
    [38] DirkH. Mapping and Locatization with RFID Technology, Proceeding of 2004 IEEE International Conference on Robotics & Automation, New or Leans, LA April 2004: 1015~1020
    [39] 袁学元.从实际出发推进港口信息化建设.港口装卸,2002(1)
    [40] 刘云生等.数据库系统概论.武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1997
    [41] 宗蓓华.港口装卸工艺学.北京:人民交通出版社,2003.140
    [42] 陈宁.散货卸船技术综述.中国水运,1999(6):33~34
    [43] 陈家源.港口企业管理学.北京:人民交通出版社,1997
    [44] 孙国正.面向21世纪的港口物流及其技术与装备,港口装卸,2000(4):3
    [45] 胡受仁,余少波,戴葵.神经网络导论.国防科技大学出版社,1992
    [46] 戴葵.神经网络实现技术.国防科技大学出版社,1992
    [47] 王士同.神经模糊系统及应用.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1998
    [48] Chen Ning, Zhu Meiqi, Shen Chenwu. Application of Nerve Network in Optimization of Port Cargo Handling Technology. In: Proceedings of the 4TH International Conference on Material Handling & Logistics Systems. Wuhan: Wuhan University of Technology, 2002. 458~461
    [49] 袁曾任.人工神经元网络及其应用.北京:清华大学出版社,1992
    [50] 舒迪前.预测控制系统及其应用.北京:机械工业出版社,1998
    [51] 刘小虎.基于神经网络的舰船建造费用预测分析.海军工程大学学报,2001(1)
    [52] 施欣.水运企业现代管理理论方法与应用.北京:人民交通出版社,2000
    [53] 刘胜春,沈成武等.神经网络方法在大跨度桥梁施工预拱度控制中的应用.武汉理工大学学报,2001(3)
    [54] Xiao Xinping. Grey Relational Interval Anaysis and Its Application. The Journal of Grey System, 1997(4)
    [55] Bowerson D. J and Closs D. J. Logistics Managemen: the Intergrated Supply Chain Process, McGraw-Hill, 1996
    [56] Allen Mary K. and Omar keith Helferich. Putting Expert System to Work in Logistics: Council of Logistics Management, Chicago, 1990
    [57] Anderson James C. and James A. Narus. A Model of Distribution Firm and Manufacturing Firm Working Partnership Journal of Marketing, 1990(54): 42~58
    [58] Bernhard Tilanus. Information System in Logistics and Transportation. Pergamon Publishing, 1997
    [59] Carlos F. Daganzo. Logistics System Analysis. Spring-Verlag, 1996
    [60] Christopher, Martin. Marketing Logistics. Butterworth-Heinmann, 1997
    [61] Giunipero, larry C. and Richard R. B. Purchasing's Role in Supply Chain Management. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 1996(1)
    [62] Handfield, Robert B. and Ernest L. N. Introduction to Supply Chain Management. Prentice-Hall, 1999
    [63] Tate, Karen. The Elements of a Successful Logistics Partnership. International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management. 1996, 26(3)
    [64] A. M. Brewer et al. Handbook of Logistics and Supply-chain Management. Elsevier Science Ltd., 2001
    [65] Donald Waters. Global Logistics and Distribution Planning. CRC Press, 1999
    [66] Raja G. Kasilinggam. Logistics and Transportation Design and Planning. Kluwer Acaoemic Publisher, 1998
    [67] Michael Quayle & Bryan Jones. Logistics-An Intergrated Approach. Athenaeum Press Ltd. 1999
    [68] Tom Craig. Warehousing. World Wide Shipping. 1997, 60(7)
    [69] Janak Singh. The Importance of Information Flow within the Supply Chain. Logistics Information Management, 1996
    [70] Hugh O. Mahong. The Robots Are Taking Over. Cargo System, 1996, 23(12)
    [71] Raja. G. Kasilinggam. Logistics and Transportation Design and Planning. Kluwer Acaoemic Publisher, 1998
    [72] 王东升.资本结构研究——兼论中国公司资本结构优化的基本思路:硕士学位论文.西安:西北大学,2001
    [73] 郑能.我国国有企业资本结构优化对策研究:硕士学位论文.长沙:中南大学,2001
    [74] 梁锋.资本结构与公司治理优化——基于国有公司的思考:硕士学位论文.成都:西南财经大学,2005
    [75] 刘俊林,李炎保.用资本结构理论探讨目前我国港口融资方式.中国港口,2004(11):15~16
    [76] 茅伯科.中国港口投资主体多元化的实践与趋势.中国港口,2002(10):17~19
    [77] 汤云为,钱锋胜.会计理论.上海:上海财经大学出版社,1997
    [78] 熊玲玲.我国集装箱港口民营化的研究:硕士学位论文.上海:上海海事大学,2004.14~16
    [79] 尚晶.集装箱码头物流网络资源优化配置研究.硕士学位论文.武汉:武汉理工大学,2005
    [80] 蔡桂英.国际航运经济.北京:人民交通出版社,1995.199~203
    [81] 沈维凤.管理学.长沙:国防科技大学出版社.2001.107~116
    [82] 张义珍,江占民.管理学.北京:中国物价出版社.2000.160~162
    [83] 李华.港口企业集团组织结构与税收策划的思考.上海:水运管理,2002(1):36~37
    [84] 刘云生等.数据库系统概论。武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1997
    [85] 湛江市统计局.湛江统计年鉴,1995年~2004年
    [86] 李雨德.浅谈港口资本运营.中国水运,2000(11):19
    [87] 蔡树堂.企业战略管理.北京:石油工业出版社,2001.113~117
    [88] 陈宁,周艳华.港口市场营销策略.中国港口,2005(2):42~43
    [89] 陈宁,胡良德.我国沿海港口城市临港工业发展研究.武汉理工大学学报(社会科学版)2005,18(4):546~549
    [90] 张炜.港口企业融资方法初探.水运管理,2002(9)
    [91] 孙海鸣.企业战略高级教程.上海:上海人民出版社,2002:108~118
    [92] 周艳华.湛江港市场营销策略研究.[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学,2004
    [93] 黄大明,陈福星.港口经济学.重庆:重庆出版社,1990.33~59
    [94] 仲跻成.港口企业内部结构再造与职能重构刍议.2000(1):30~31
    [95] 刘庆广.加快港口结构的调整步伐.水运管理,2002(6):5~7
    [96] 刘庆广.调整江苏港口结构的建议.中国水运,2002(7)
    [97] 武德春.关于港口结构调整中几个问题的研究.水运管理,2002(11):11~13
    [98] 郭咸刚.多维博弈人性假设.广州:广东经济出版社,2005.21~26
    [99] 魏泓,刘伟.地主港模式在我国港口的应用.水运管理,2006(1):19~23
    [100] 薛晓莉.港口的一种高效运作模式——地主港模式.天津港口,2000(6)
    [101] 包汉民.变革和发展中的荷兰鹿特丹港.中国港口,2005(2)
    [102] 韩继生.借鉴国外经验发展港口物流.中国港口,2005(2)
    [103] 韩继生.调整港口结构拓展港口功能——深化长江港口结构调整的做法和建议.中国港口,2001(9):26~27
    [104] 张振莺,孙国庆.对我国沿海港口发展的思考.中国水运,2000(2):7~8
    [105] 杨承新.港口物流系统的结构分析.中国港口,2001(12)
    [106] 杨承新.港口物流系统协同化研究.交通企业管理,2005(8):36~37
    [107] 符敦鉴.高新技术在集装箱机械上的开发和应用.中国港口,2003(7):17
    [108] 符敦鉴.超巴拿马型岸桥的发展趋势.装卸机械,2005(5)
    [109] Martin Stopford. Maritime Economics. Harper Collins Academic, 1988. 93~130
    [110] Hollond J. H. Adaptation in natural and artificial system. Arbor: the university of Michigan Press, 1975
    [111] Jacobsonlvar. Object-Oriented Software Engineering. USA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1992
    [112] Neil Dekker. Chinese Ports'Prize. Containerisation International, 2004(2): 64
    [113] Matthew Beddow. The Race Is On. Containerisation International, 2003(11): 57~61
    [114] Alfered J. Baird. Privation Trends at the Word's Top-100 Container Ports. Maritime Policy & Management, 2002(3), 271~284
    [115] Zoe Double. Muddying the Waters. Containerisation International, 2003(8): 3
    [116] Y. Tomita, T. Fukushima. Numerical Study of A Horizontal Mass-Movement Conveyor. In: Proceedings of the 4TH International Conference on Material Handling & Logistics Systems. Wuhan: Wuhan University of Technology, 2002: 420~425
    [117] Heung-Suk Hwang. GIS-Based Pickup and Delivery System Based on E-logistics. In: Proceedings of the 4TH International Conference on Material Handling & Logistics Systems. Wuhan: Wuhan University of Technology, 2002: 285~290
    [118] John Nofsinger. Logistics in U. S. A. Industry in Transition. In: Proceedings of the 4TH International Conference on Material Handling & Logistics Systems. Wuhan: Wuhan University of Technology, 2002: 1~2
    [119] 翁民玲.集装箱运输管理信息系统的设计与实现.引进与咨询.2003(8):16~19
    [120] 王玲玲.产业结构调整中政府博弈行为分析.[硕士学位论文].镇江:江苏大学,2003
    [121] 揭毅。区域产业结构的优化理论与实证研究.[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中师范大学,2004
    [122] 曹远征.世界港口业的变化趋势与中国港口业的发展.开放导报.2004(2):43~45
    [123] 田汝耕.临港工业和海运物流形成全球化大生产.中国港口,2002(2):1~12
    [124] 张铎,柯新生.现代物流信息系统建设.北京:首都经济贸易大学出版社,2004.65~160

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700