生物酶对造纸纤维改性的研究
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摘要
中国造纸工业的发展正面临着资源匮乏,能源短缺和污染严重等主要问题,扩大废纸(二次纤维)利用可以缓解以上制约我国制浆造纸工业发展的因素。但是废纸在回收利用的过程中会引起质量的变化,浆料强度、滤水性等会随着回用次数的增加而下降。随着高得率浆和速生阔叶浆在原料配比中的增加,所导致的纸张在印刷过程中的掉毛、掉粉问题也逐渐突出。低碳绿色造纸技术的发展是造纸行业努力奋斗的目标,生物酶作为一种高效绿色环保型催化剂,在造纸工业中的应用越来越广泛。本论文利用生物酶进行了废瓦楞箱板纸浆的改性研究；去除废新闻纸胶黏物的研究；APMP高得率浆和阔叶浆生物酶改性研究,并探讨了纤维的生物酶改性机理。通过上述研究得出以下结论：
1、漆酶/木聚糖酶体系、漆酶/介体体系和重组木聚糖酶对废瓦楞箱板纸浆改性时,都具有增强作用。漆酶优于木聚糖酶。当酶用量为10IU/g时,LXS处理时与对照相比,抗张指数、环压指数和湿抗张指数分别增加了37.53%、23.86%和50.35%。证明了LXS处理废纸浆时,能发挥LMS同样的改性效果,它完全可以取代处理复杂、价格昂贵的LMS用于浆料的改性。
2、废瓦楞箱板纸浆经过漆酶/木聚糖酶体系和重组木聚糖酶处理,浆料的打浆性能得到改善；比较两种酶处理对打浆性能的影响,则LXS优于X。LXS处理浆与原浆达到相同打浆度560SR时,可以节省25%的打浆能量消耗。酶处理能改善纸浆的滤水性能,对于改善纸浆的滤水性能而言,则重组木聚糖酶优于漆酶/木聚糖酶体系。
3、漆酶能有效去除废纸脱墨浆中胶粘物,在酶用量为15IU/g时,LXS和LXS+E处理后与原浆相比,浆中胶粘物分别降低了51.91%和68.43%,减轻了后续工序除胶粘物的负荷。
4、漆酶/木聚糖酶体系处理阔叶浆或者APMP,能够有效脱除纤维表面的木质素,提高成纸的表面强度。用木聚糖酶处理后浆料能提高纸张的施胶度。影响APMP成纸拉毛强度的关键因素为温度和pH值,最终的回归方程为：Y=28.41-9.323A+1.823B。(A-pH；B-温度)
5、通过酶处理浆纤维质量分析、自由基浓度测定、纤维素结晶度测定、接触角的测定、红外谱分析和电镜照片观察,从理论上解释了为什么漆酶和木聚糖酶处理能改善纸浆的物理强度、打浆性能和滤水性能。
China paper industry is meeting problems such as resource deprivation, energy shortage and pollution severity. Increasing waste paper (secondary fiber) can relieve the factors that restrict the development of China paper.But the pulp quality can decrease in the course of waste paper recycle. The pulp strength and drainage can decline with the recycle times.Pick strength is also obvious during print with the improment of high yield pulp and fastingrow hardwood in the pulp furnish. Enzymes is an environment-friendly, effective and green catalyst and has been applied in the papermaking industry wider and wider. The thesis focuses on the research of the modification of waste corrugated cardboard with biological enzyme, the removement stickies of deink news pulp with laccase/xylanase and the modification of APMP high yield pulp and hardwood.In the meantime, the modification mechanism of enzyme treating fiber is discussed. Drawing conclusions as following by research:
1.Laccase/xylanase system(LXS), laccase/mediator system (LMS) and recombination xylanase can increase the paper strength of waste corrugated cardboard. Laccase' effect is better than sylanase'.In contrast with the reference, tensile strength index,ring compression index and wet tensile strength increase respectively 37.53%、23.86% and 50.35% with lOIU/g LXS treating waste paper. It proves that LXS can play the same modification role as LMS when it treats waste pulp. LXS can replace the complex and expensive LMS to treat pulp.
2.The refine properties of pulps improve when they are treated with laccase/xylanase system(LXS), laccase/mediator system (LMS) or recombination xylanase.The refine effect with LXS is better than with X. It can save the 25% refine energy when the pulp treated with LXS gets the same refine degree 560SR. Enzyme can improve the drainage property of pulp and the recombination xylanase is superior to laccase/xylanase.
3. Laccase/xylanase system(LXS) can remove effectively the stickies in the deink news pulp.Compared witu the virgin pulp, the stickies content respectively decrease 51.91% and 68.43% when the deink news pulp is treated with LXS and LXS+E.It can reduce the load of removement stickies in the latter process.
4.LXS can effectively remove the lignin on the surface of fiber and improve the surface strength of paper when it is used to modify the hardwood or APMP.The water resistant ability of paper improves when pulp is treated with xylanase.The key factors affecting the surface strength of paper are temperature and pH. The final regression equation is Y=28.41-9.323A+1.823B. (A-pH; B-temperature)
5.The free radical consistency, the advance angle of contact, the crystalline, the infrared spectrum and electronic microscope photos are analysed after the secondary fibers were treated with LXS. It explains why LXS and xylanase can improve the physical strength, the refine and drainage prpperties of pulp in theory.
1、漆酶/木聚糖酶体系、漆酶/介体体系和重组木聚糖酶对废瓦楞箱板纸浆改性时,都具有增强作用。漆酶优于木聚糖酶。当酶用量为10IU/g时,LXS处理时与对照相比,抗张指数、环压指数和湿抗张指数分别增加了37.53%、23.86%和50.35%。证明了LXS处理废纸浆时,能发挥LMS同样的改性效果,它完全可以取代处理复杂、价格昂贵的LMS用于浆料的改性。
2、废瓦楞箱板纸浆经过漆酶/木聚糖酶体系和重组木聚糖酶处理,浆料的打浆性能得到改善；比较两种酶处理对打浆性能的影响,则LXS优于X。LXS处理浆与原浆达到相同打浆度560SR时,可以节省25%的打浆能量消耗。酶处理能改善纸浆的滤水性能,对于改善纸浆的滤水性能而言,则重组木聚糖酶优于漆酶/木聚糖酶体系。
3、漆酶能有效去除废纸脱墨浆中胶粘物,在酶用量为15IU/g时,LXS和LXS+E处理后与原浆相比,浆中胶粘物分别降低了51.91%和68.43%,减轻了后续工序除胶粘物的负荷。
4、漆酶/木聚糖酶体系处理阔叶浆或者APMP,能够有效脱除纤维表面的木质素,提高成纸的表面强度。用木聚糖酶处理后浆料能提高纸张的施胶度。影响APMP成纸拉毛强度的关键因素为温度和pH值,最终的回归方程为：Y=28.41-9.323A+1.823B。(A-pH；B-温度)
5、通过酶处理浆纤维质量分析、自由基浓度测定、纤维素结晶度测定、接触角的测定、红外谱分析和电镜照片观察,从理论上解释了为什么漆酶和木聚糖酶处理能改善纸浆的物理强度、打浆性能和滤水性能。
China paper industry is meeting problems such as resource deprivation, energy shortage and pollution severity. Increasing waste paper (secondary fiber) can relieve the factors that restrict the development of China paper.But the pulp quality can decrease in the course of waste paper recycle. The pulp strength and drainage can decline with the recycle times.Pick strength is also obvious during print with the improment of high yield pulp and fastingrow hardwood in the pulp furnish. Enzymes is an environment-friendly, effective and green catalyst and has been applied in the papermaking industry wider and wider. The thesis focuses on the research of the modification of waste corrugated cardboard with biological enzyme, the removement stickies of deink news pulp with laccase/xylanase and the modification of APMP high yield pulp and hardwood.In the meantime, the modification mechanism of enzyme treating fiber is discussed. Drawing conclusions as following by research:
1.Laccase/xylanase system(LXS), laccase/mediator system (LMS) and recombination xylanase can increase the paper strength of waste corrugated cardboard. Laccase' effect is better than sylanase'.In contrast with the reference, tensile strength index,ring compression index and wet tensile strength increase respectively 37.53%、23.86% and 50.35% with lOIU/g LXS treating waste paper. It proves that LXS can play the same modification role as LMS when it treats waste pulp. LXS can replace the complex and expensive LMS to treat pulp.
2.The refine properties of pulps improve when they are treated with laccase/xylanase system(LXS), laccase/mediator system (LMS) or recombination xylanase.The refine effect with LXS is better than with X. It can save the 25% refine energy when the pulp treated with LXS gets the same refine degree 560SR. Enzyme can improve the drainage property of pulp and the recombination xylanase is superior to laccase/xylanase.
3. Laccase/xylanase system(LXS) can remove effectively the stickies in the deink news pulp.Compared witu the virgin pulp, the stickies content respectively decrease 51.91% and 68.43% when the deink news pulp is treated with LXS and LXS+E.It can reduce the load of removement stickies in the latter process.
4.LXS can effectively remove the lignin on the surface of fiber and improve the surface strength of paper when it is used to modify the hardwood or APMP.The water resistant ability of paper improves when pulp is treated with xylanase.The key factors affecting the surface strength of paper are temperature and pH. The final regression equation is Y=28.41-9.323A+1.823B. (A-pH; B-temperature)
5.The free radical consistency, the advance angle of contact, the crystalline, the infrared spectrum and electronic microscope photos are analysed after the secondary fibers were treated with LXS. It explains why LXS and xylanase can improve the physical strength, the refine and drainage prpperties of pulp in theory.
引文
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