天然气化工生态工业园构建研究
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摘要
我国自改革开放以来,经济持续快速发展,取得了举世瞩目的成就,但不可回避的是在经济发展的同时,在资源、环境方面也付出了沉重的代价。在众多资源中天然气是一种绿色环保的碳氢资源,我国天然气资源主要分布在我国的中西盆地,其中四川盆地是我国天然气生产的主力地区。然而四川省目前现在天然气资源利用方面存在产业分布较为分散、产业链条短、产品附加值低,循环利用机制不健全、资源利用率不高等问题,直接导致了资源不能就地转化、天然气化工工业园区承载能力不足。发展循环经济,建立生态工业园是缓解目前所面临的资源约束、减轻环境污染的有效途径。生态工业园是继经济技术开发区和高新技术产业开发区之后的第三代产业园区,代表着园区发展的方向。生态工业园的具体建设包括三个方面:一是生态产业链的选择,二是企业内部的清洁生产,三是工业共生网的建立。本文在对世界范围内不同类型的生态工业园建设和发展模式研究后,结合四川省遂宁市安居区的天然气工业集聚区构建了天然气生态工业园的建设模式,从产业链的选择、企业内部清洁生产、生态工业共生网的建立及热电冷联产等方面做出阐述。
Since the reform and opening up China's sustained and rapid economic development has made remarkable achievements, but can not be avoided in the economic development, resources, environment paid a heavy price. Among the many resources of natural gas is a hydrocarbon resources and environmental protection, China's natural gas resources are mainly distributed in China's western basin, where the Sichuan Basin is the main force of China's natural gas production areas. However, use of natural gas resources in Sichuan Province Muqian there are now industry is more scattered and short industry chain, low value-added products, recycling mechanism is not sound, not high resource utilization, directly led to the transformation of resources can not be on the spot, natural gas chemical industrial park inadequate bearing capacity. Development of recycling economy, establish eco-industrial park to ease the resource constraints currently facing, an effective way to reduce environmental pollution. Eco-Industrial Park is the second economic and technological development zones and hi-tech Industrial Development Zone Industrial Park after the third generation, represents the direction of development of the park. The specific construction of eco-industrial park consists of three aspects: first, the choice of ecological industry chain, the second is the enterprise of cleaner production, the three established network of industrial symbiosis. This article in the world of different types of eco-industrial park construction and development mode, the combined area of Suining City, Sichuan live vision of the natural gas industry natural gas gathering area eco-industrial park building mode, choose from the industry chain, internal cleansing production, establishment of eco-industrial symbiosis networks and CCHP so make elaborate.
Since the reform and opening up China's sustained and rapid economic development has made remarkable achievements, but can not be avoided in the economic development, resources, environment paid a heavy price. Among the many resources of natural gas is a hydrocarbon resources and environmental protection, China's natural gas resources are mainly distributed in China's western basin, where the Sichuan Basin is the main force of China's natural gas production areas. However, use of natural gas resources in Sichuan Province Muqian there are now industry is more scattered and short industry chain, low value-added products, recycling mechanism is not sound, not high resource utilization, directly led to the transformation of resources can not be on the spot, natural gas chemical industrial park inadequate bearing capacity. Development of recycling economy, establish eco-industrial park to ease the resource constraints currently facing, an effective way to reduce environmental pollution. Eco-Industrial Park is the second economic and technological development zones and hi-tech Industrial Development Zone Industrial Park after the third generation, represents the direction of development of the park. The specific construction of eco-industrial park consists of three aspects: first, the choice of ecological industry chain, the second is the enterprise of cleaner production, the three established network of industrial symbiosis. This article in the world of different types of eco-industrial park construction and development mode, the combined area of Suining City, Sichuan live vision of the natural gas industry natural gas gathering area eco-industrial park building mode, choose from the industry chain, internal cleansing production, establishment of eco-industrial symbiosis networks and CCHP so make elaborate.
引文
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[36]王学军,何炳光,洁洁生产概论.北京:中国检察出版社,2000:4-5
[37]赵家荣.张德霖.清洁生促进法问答[J].北京:学苑出版社,2003:15-20
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[2]张小南,何东等遂宁市天然气综合利用规划[R].成都:西华大学战略管理研究所,2008
[3]王兆华,尹建华,武春友.高新技术风险投资协作动力机制研究[J].经济理论与经济管理,2001(06):166.
[4]Suren Erkman.工业生态学[M].徐兴元译.北京:经济日报出版社,1999.
[5]Allenby B R,Frosch R A.The greening of industrial eco-systems.NationalAcademy of Science.Washington,1991:232-237.
[6]Tibbs,Hardin.An environmental agenda for industrial.Industrial EcologyWhole Earth Review.Winter,1993:25-28.
[7]Hawken,Paul.The eeology of commerce.Harper Business(New York).1993:53-55.
[8]Raymond P Cote,J Hall.Industrial parks as Ecosystems.Jounal of CleanerProduetion,1995 (3):1-2.
[9]Frosch R.The industrial ecology of the 21st century.Scientific American(September),1995:65-69.
[10]North Jonathan,Suzanne Giannini-spohn.Strategies for financing eco-idustrial parks.Commentary,Fall,1999:56-59.
[11]戴锦.产业生态化理论与政策研究[D].东北财经大学博士学位论文,2004.
[12]商华.工业园生态效率测度与评价[D].大连理工大学博士学位论文,2007.
[13]钱易.循环经济与可持续发展.中日循环经济理论与实践学术研讨会论文集[C].北京,2002:10:1-7.
[14]段宁.关于推进我国生态工业园区建设的思考和建议[J].环境保护,2002(2):10-16.
[15]段宁,关于推进我国生态工业园区建设的思考和建议,环境保护.2002,(2):10～16
[16]段宁.城市物质代谢及其调控[J].环境科学研究,2004(17).
[17]颜文洪,刘益民,黄向等.深圳城市系统大写的变化与废物生成效应[J].城市问题,2003(1).
[18]颜文洪,黄向.深圳城市化过程中城市代谢的演变[J].现代城市研究,2003(1).
[20]何东.区域循环经济论[M].中国财政经济出版社,2009:105-140
[19]王金南.循环经济——21世纪的战略选择[J].沿海环境,2002,(1):5-11.
[20]Cohen-Rosenthal,EdandTadMeGalliard.Designing Eeo-IndustrialParks:TheUSExPerienee.InddEiroent.UNEP.Deeember,1993.(19),14-18.
[21]Fleig,Anja-Kathrin-Eeo-IndustrialParksasastrategytowardsIndustriaiEeologyindeveloPingdnewlyindustrlalisedeountries.RePortPrePdforG,Berlin,2001:123-128
[22]周宏大,梁书升.农村循环经济[M].中国农业出版社,2006:15.
[23]U.S.Environmental Protection Agency.Superfond redevelopment initiative.Washington,D C:U.S.EPA.2001.http://www.epa.gov/superfund/programs/recycle/recycle.htm.
[24]山东鲁北企业集团总公司http://www.lubei.com.cn/company.asp?classid=1.
[25]石磊.清洁生产的理论与实践[D].清华大学博士后出站报告,2001.
[26]http://www.indigodev.com/Eco-dustrial Parks.
[27]Lowe E.Creating by-product resource exchange:strategies for eco-industrial parks[J].Cleaner Product,1997,5(1-2):58.
[28]Raymond P Cote,E Cohentha1.“Designing eco-industrial parks:a synthesis ofsome experiences[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,1998,6:181-188.
[29]Lowe E,Moran S,Holmens.A fieldbook for the development of eco-industrial parks.Report for US.Environment Protection Agency[R].Oakhnd:Indigo Development Internationa1,1995.
[30]President's Council on Sustainable Development.In:Eco-industrial parkworkshop proceedings,Washington(DC),October,1996:17-18. [31Ernest Lowe.Introduction to eco-industrial parks[J].Draft for Asian Development Bank,2001:57-59.
[32]钟书华.工业生态学与生态工业园[J].科技管理研究,2003,23(1).
[33]张彦素.以产业集群优势促进生态工业园建设[J].合作经济与科技,2007,5:53-54.
[34]秦荪涛.生态工业园系统的演化与调控[D].河海大学博士学位论文,2007.
[35]陈赓良对我国天然气化工科技进步的看法与建议[J].四川石油管理局天然气研究院.
[36]王学军,何炳光,洁洁生产概论.北京:中国检察出版社,2000:4-5
[37]赵家荣.张德霖.清洁生促进法问答[J].北京:学苑出版社,2003:15-20
[38]Pauli,Gunter.UPsizing:The Roadto Zero Emissions.Sheffield,England:GreenleafPublishing. 1998:63-69