荣胜堡洼陷沙三段薄互层储层地震预测研究
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摘要
论文以荣胜堡洼陷沙河街组沙三段储层作为主体研究对象,进行有利储层预测研究。根据大量岩心、测井、录井及地震资料进行了沉积体系的研究,认为荣胜堡洼陷沙三段主要发育冲积扇、水下扇、三角洲、扇三角洲等多种沉积体系。多种沉积体决定了储层十分发育,但是储层单层较薄,纵向呈隔层、夹层多,薄互层出现,横向变化快,非均质性强是本区储层的一个特点。
为了应用地震数据解决本区储层的预测难题,本文论述了地震褶积原理,根据本区储层薄、互层严重、侧向尖灭快的地质特点,结合本区砂泥岩速度和密度,建立三种储层地质模型:1、单层楔状模型,2、双层楔状模型,3、多层楔状模型。对这三种模型,应用30赫兹的子波进行正演模拟。通过正演模拟结果,分析了振幅、绝对振幅总量、主频率与模型总厚度的关系。通过地震反射振幅总量和主频率与储层厚度进行交会分析,进行公式拟合,建立储层厚度预测模型,完成储层的厚度预测。
在对储层厚度预测的讨论后,本文系统讨论了各种反演方法、各自的优越性及应用条件,并且对荣盛堡洼陷沙三段进行波阻抗反演。根据测井密度、速度与波阻抗的关系,建立应用波阻抗转换孔隙度的模型。应用地质统计方法,计算出储层孔隙度与波阻抗模型中的常数。然后根据这个模型,将波阻抗数据体转换成孔隙度体,然后根据这种关系预测出主要目的层的物性分布特征。
本文在对地震预测技术的国内外发展现状了充分调研的基础上,针对储层的厚度预测、物性预测及油气成藏规律等内容,系统地论述和分析了地震检测技术、储层反演技术、压实校正方法原理、应用条件和技术关键等内容。在建立地震反射绝对振幅总量与储层厚度转换模型、波阻抗与储层物性转换模型之后,并在本区应用取得较好的成果,结合构造、沉积及油气成藏规律的研究提出来几个有利目标区,经过实践检验取得了较好的成果。
综上所述,本文在讨论地震参数预测储层厚度分布及应用储层波组阻抗反演方法预测储层物性分布的同时,针对沙三段储层薄,且与泥岩互层出现地质特点,进一步完客观、深化研究储层的各项参数评价方法的同时,完善了薄互层储层地震响应特征,寻找一套适合本区薄互层储层特征的岩性勘探目标有效手段和思路。
The dissertation is a research on predication and estimation of favorable reservoirs, in which the researched subject body is the Third Member of Shahejie Formation in Rongshengpu Depression. Based on large mounts of cores data, logging data, and seismic data, and having done the research on the region’s depositional system, it is considered that alluvial fan, under-water fan, delta, fan delta are mainly developed in this area. It is multiple lithosomic bodies that make the reservoirs developed very well, but single formation inside is thinker, and there are alternating thin reservoir in vertical, the lithology changes greatly in lateral. In short, it is strong heterogeneous in this area.
In order to apply the seismic data to go further into the estimation in this area, this dissertation has deeply expounded the seismic convolution, Also, based on the many geology characters, including thicker formation, multiply intercalcated reservoir, fast pinch out in lateral and so on, combined with the shale velocity and density, there are three kinds of geology models have been built up: 1.monolayer wedge model; 2.double wedge model; 3.multiple wedge model. We have done forward modelings using 30 Hz wavelet in the above 3 models individually. By analyzing the forward modeling results, It has analyzed in detailed the relationship on the seismic reflection features, including the amplitude total and the main frequency, versus the wedge model total thickness, having built up the estimating models for such thin formations. However the wedge total thickness changed, the two thicknesses have fine correlatability. Therefore, having done some crossplot analyses of the seismic reflection (total amplitude and main frequency) and reservoir thickness, and getting the fitting equations, building up the reservoir thickness estimating model, it is the whole process to do the thickness estimation.
After the discussion on the reservoir thickness estimation, it is preciously analyzed various reversion methods, and whose individual advantages and whose application conditions. Also, we have finished the acoustic impedance inversion in the member 3 of the Shahejie Formation in the Rongshengpu Depression. Based on the relationship of logging density, velocity with the impedance, the porosity model transferred by impedance has been built up. The geostatistics methods have been used to calculate the constants applied in the reservoir porosity and impedance models. Then, based on such model, the impedance data survey could be transferred into porosity survey and such relationship is used to forecast the properties distribution in the target formations.
This dissertation is based on the sufficient studies on the domestic and international seismic technology development, aiming at practicing the reservoir thickness forecast, property estimation, and the oil&gas formation laws so on, having expounded and analyzed the seismometric, the reversion, compaction correction theory as well as whose application conditions and so on. After building up the transfer models among which one is transferred from absolute amplitude total in the seismic reflection to reservoir thickness and the other is transferred between impedance and reservoir properties, it has gotten many achievements in this region, combing with the structures, sedimentation and the gas&oil formation laws, and many forecast areas have proved to be true reservoir.
In conclusion, with the study on the reservoir thickness distribution estimated by the seismic parameters as well as the reservoir properties estimated by the impedance conversion, aiming at the thin and intercalcated formations in the Member 3 of Shahejie Formation, this dissertation has found a suit of effective methods and skills to estimate the reservoir parameters in the subtle traps, which improved the seismic estimation theory to a high level.
为了应用地震数据解决本区储层的预测难题,本文论述了地震褶积原理,根据本区储层薄、互层严重、侧向尖灭快的地质特点,结合本区砂泥岩速度和密度,建立三种储层地质模型:1、单层楔状模型,2、双层楔状模型,3、多层楔状模型。对这三种模型,应用30赫兹的子波进行正演模拟。通过正演模拟结果,分析了振幅、绝对振幅总量、主频率与模型总厚度的关系。通过地震反射振幅总量和主频率与储层厚度进行交会分析,进行公式拟合,建立储层厚度预测模型,完成储层的厚度预测。
在对储层厚度预测的讨论后,本文系统讨论了各种反演方法、各自的优越性及应用条件,并且对荣盛堡洼陷沙三段进行波阻抗反演。根据测井密度、速度与波阻抗的关系,建立应用波阻抗转换孔隙度的模型。应用地质统计方法,计算出储层孔隙度与波阻抗模型中的常数。然后根据这个模型,将波阻抗数据体转换成孔隙度体,然后根据这种关系预测出主要目的层的物性分布特征。
本文在对地震预测技术的国内外发展现状了充分调研的基础上,针对储层的厚度预测、物性预测及油气成藏规律等内容,系统地论述和分析了地震检测技术、储层反演技术、压实校正方法原理、应用条件和技术关键等内容。在建立地震反射绝对振幅总量与储层厚度转换模型、波阻抗与储层物性转换模型之后,并在本区应用取得较好的成果,结合构造、沉积及油气成藏规律的研究提出来几个有利目标区,经过实践检验取得了较好的成果。
综上所述,本文在讨论地震参数预测储层厚度分布及应用储层波组阻抗反演方法预测储层物性分布的同时,针对沙三段储层薄,且与泥岩互层出现地质特点,进一步完客观、深化研究储层的各项参数评价方法的同时,完善了薄互层储层地震响应特征,寻找一套适合本区薄互层储层特征的岩性勘探目标有效手段和思路。
The dissertation is a research on predication and estimation of favorable reservoirs, in which the researched subject body is the Third Member of Shahejie Formation in Rongshengpu Depression. Based on large mounts of cores data, logging data, and seismic data, and having done the research on the region’s depositional system, it is considered that alluvial fan, under-water fan, delta, fan delta are mainly developed in this area. It is multiple lithosomic bodies that make the reservoirs developed very well, but single formation inside is thinker, and there are alternating thin reservoir in vertical, the lithology changes greatly in lateral. In short, it is strong heterogeneous in this area.
In order to apply the seismic data to go further into the estimation in this area, this dissertation has deeply expounded the seismic convolution, Also, based on the many geology characters, including thicker formation, multiply intercalcated reservoir, fast pinch out in lateral and so on, combined with the shale velocity and density, there are three kinds of geology models have been built up: 1.monolayer wedge model; 2.double wedge model; 3.multiple wedge model. We have done forward modelings using 30 Hz wavelet in the above 3 models individually. By analyzing the forward modeling results, It has analyzed in detailed the relationship on the seismic reflection features, including the amplitude total and the main frequency, versus the wedge model total thickness, having built up the estimating models for such thin formations. However the wedge total thickness changed, the two thicknesses have fine correlatability. Therefore, having done some crossplot analyses of the seismic reflection (total amplitude and main frequency) and reservoir thickness, and getting the fitting equations, building up the reservoir thickness estimating model, it is the whole process to do the thickness estimation.
After the discussion on the reservoir thickness estimation, it is preciously analyzed various reversion methods, and whose individual advantages and whose application conditions. Also, we have finished the acoustic impedance inversion in the member 3 of the Shahejie Formation in the Rongshengpu Depression. Based on the relationship of logging density, velocity with the impedance, the porosity model transferred by impedance has been built up. The geostatistics methods have been used to calculate the constants applied in the reservoir porosity and impedance models. Then, based on such model, the impedance data survey could be transferred into porosity survey and such relationship is used to forecast the properties distribution in the target formations.
This dissertation is based on the sufficient studies on the domestic and international seismic technology development, aiming at practicing the reservoir thickness forecast, property estimation, and the oil&gas formation laws so on, having expounded and analyzed the seismometric, the reversion, compaction correction theory as well as whose application conditions and so on. After building up the transfer models among which one is transferred from absolute amplitude total in the seismic reflection to reservoir thickness and the other is transferred between impedance and reservoir properties, it has gotten many achievements in this region, combing with the structures, sedimentation and the gas&oil formation laws, and many forecast areas have proved to be true reservoir.
In conclusion, with the study on the reservoir thickness distribution estimated by the seismic parameters as well as the reservoir properties estimated by the impedance conversion, aiming at the thin and intercalcated formations in the Member 3 of Shahejie Formation, this dissertation has found a suit of effective methods and skills to estimate the reservoir parameters in the subtle traps, which improved the seismic estimation theory to a high level.
引文
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