陈家断裂带沉积特征及储层评价研究
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摘要
目前国内各大油田经过多年的勘探开发,大型构造油藏以基本勘探完毕。近些年构造-岩性油藏、岩性油藏在探明的年储量构成中所占的比例逐年呈上升趋势。在富油气洼陷周边寻找源内、源边型构造-岩性油藏、岩性油藏已成为石油勘探工作者的共识。
辽河坳陷是下第三系含油气富油气凹陷,西部凹陷历经40年的勘探开发已经探明近14亿吨的石油地质储量。随着勘探的深入岩性油气藏已成为下步勘探的重点领域。为了探索陈家洼陷周边岩性油藏的成藏模式,从盆地模拟入手,综合烃源岩、储层、盖层、运移条件、圈闭条件、保存条件等各种因素研究,最终达到资源评价和勘探发现的目的。
该研究应用区域地质统层和古生物化石资料建立层序地层格架,应用钻井资料和三维地震资料,配以高精度的合成地震记录进行精细构造解释,落实不同层位的断裂构造特征,运用地震及完钻井资料研究本区的沉积特征,针对该区砂体横向变化大、砂体与油藏关系密切的特点,应用钻井资料和储层反演技术进行储层分布研究,通过构造、砂体、岩芯、试油、成藏规律等分析研究,确定工区油藏分布规律及地质控制因素。
通过研究认为,陈家洼陷陈家断裂带沙三、四段地层是岩性油藏发育的有利目标层系。本区沙四段沉积了大量的泥晶白云岩和泥质白云岩等碳酸盐岩储层,并形成了白云岩的特殊岩性油气藏。沙三段主要为陡岸带扇三角洲沉积,物源来自东部的中央凸起,自东向西砂岩逐渐减少,陈家断裂带附近储集相带有利,储层物性好,是成藏的有利相带。该研究探索了陈家断裂带岩性油藏的成藏规律,为下一步勘探指明了方向。
With many years of exploration and development by various oil fields in our country, large structural reservoirs have now basically gone through exploration. In recent years, proportion of structural-lithological reservoir and lithological reservoir in proven annual reserves tends to increase year by year. It has become a common view among oil explorers to search for structural-lithological reservoir and lithological reservoir inside and beside source rock in the periphery of oil-gas rich depressions.
Liaohe Depression is rich of oil and gas in Eogene,and West Depression has gone through 40 years of exploration and development with proven reserves of nearly 1,400,000,000t. With exploration developing in depth, lithological reservoir has become key concern of next step. In order to explore reservoir-forming style of lithological reservoir in the periphery of Chenjia Sag, we start from basin modeling and integrate studies of source rock, reservoir, cap rock, migration condition, trap condition and preservation condition etc. Finally, the goal of resource evaluation and exploratory discovery is achieved.
In this study, sequential formation framework is established using regional geological formation unification and paleontological information. Accurate structure interpretation is conducted using drilling data and 3-D seismic data supplemented by high-precision synthetic seismic records. Fault structure characteristics of different intervals are confirmed. Sedimentary characteristics of this area are studied using seismic and drilled well data. In terms of significant lateral sand variation and close relation between sand and reservoir in this area, drilling data and reservoir inversion technology are used to study reservoir distribution. By studying structures, sands, cores, formation testing and reservoir-forming rule etc, reservoir distribution rule and geological control factors in the work area are identified.
Through study it is concluded that S3 and S4 intervals in Chenjia Fault Zone of Chenjia Sag are favorable targets of lithological reservoir. Large amount of carbonate reservoirs such as micritic dolomite and shaly dolomite are deposited in S4 interval of this area resulting in special lithological reservoir of dolomites. S3 interval is mainly composed of steep-coast fan delta deposits. Source area is Central Uplift in the east. Sands gradually decrease from east to west. There are favorable reservoir-forming belts near Chenjia Fault Zone, and reservoir petrophysical property is good. This study investigates reservoir-forming rule of lithological reservoir in Chenjia Fault Zone and provides clear guidance for next step exploration.
辽河坳陷是下第三系含油气富油气凹陷,西部凹陷历经40年的勘探开发已经探明近14亿吨的石油地质储量。随着勘探的深入岩性油气藏已成为下步勘探的重点领域。为了探索陈家洼陷周边岩性油藏的成藏模式,从盆地模拟入手,综合烃源岩、储层、盖层、运移条件、圈闭条件、保存条件等各种因素研究,最终达到资源评价和勘探发现的目的。
该研究应用区域地质统层和古生物化石资料建立层序地层格架,应用钻井资料和三维地震资料,配以高精度的合成地震记录进行精细构造解释,落实不同层位的断裂构造特征,运用地震及完钻井资料研究本区的沉积特征,针对该区砂体横向变化大、砂体与油藏关系密切的特点,应用钻井资料和储层反演技术进行储层分布研究,通过构造、砂体、岩芯、试油、成藏规律等分析研究,确定工区油藏分布规律及地质控制因素。
通过研究认为,陈家洼陷陈家断裂带沙三、四段地层是岩性油藏发育的有利目标层系。本区沙四段沉积了大量的泥晶白云岩和泥质白云岩等碳酸盐岩储层,并形成了白云岩的特殊岩性油气藏。沙三段主要为陡岸带扇三角洲沉积,物源来自东部的中央凸起,自东向西砂岩逐渐减少,陈家断裂带附近储集相带有利,储层物性好,是成藏的有利相带。该研究探索了陈家断裂带岩性油藏的成藏规律,为下一步勘探指明了方向。
With many years of exploration and development by various oil fields in our country, large structural reservoirs have now basically gone through exploration. In recent years, proportion of structural-lithological reservoir and lithological reservoir in proven annual reserves tends to increase year by year. It has become a common view among oil explorers to search for structural-lithological reservoir and lithological reservoir inside and beside source rock in the periphery of oil-gas rich depressions.
Liaohe Depression is rich of oil and gas in Eogene,and West Depression has gone through 40 years of exploration and development with proven reserves of nearly 1,400,000,000t. With exploration developing in depth, lithological reservoir has become key concern of next step. In order to explore reservoir-forming style of lithological reservoir in the periphery of Chenjia Sag, we start from basin modeling and integrate studies of source rock, reservoir, cap rock, migration condition, trap condition and preservation condition etc. Finally, the goal of resource evaluation and exploratory discovery is achieved.
In this study, sequential formation framework is established using regional geological formation unification and paleontological information. Accurate structure interpretation is conducted using drilling data and 3-D seismic data supplemented by high-precision synthetic seismic records. Fault structure characteristics of different intervals are confirmed. Sedimentary characteristics of this area are studied using seismic and drilled well data. In terms of significant lateral sand variation and close relation between sand and reservoir in this area, drilling data and reservoir inversion technology are used to study reservoir distribution. By studying structures, sands, cores, formation testing and reservoir-forming rule etc, reservoir distribution rule and geological control factors in the work area are identified.
Through study it is concluded that S3 and S4 intervals in Chenjia Fault Zone of Chenjia Sag are favorable targets of lithological reservoir. Large amount of carbonate reservoirs such as micritic dolomite and shaly dolomite are deposited in S4 interval of this area resulting in special lithological reservoir of dolomites. S3 interval is mainly composed of steep-coast fan delta deposits. Source area is Central Uplift in the east. Sands gradually decrease from east to west. There are favorable reservoir-forming belts near Chenjia Fault Zone, and reservoir petrophysical property is good. This study investigates reservoir-forming rule of lithological reservoir in Chenjia Fault Zone and provides clear guidance for next step exploration.
引文
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[3]徐开礼,朱志澄,构造地质学[M].北京:地质出版社,1984.
[4]刘震,吴因业,层序地层框架与油气勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
[5]李玲,冯许魁,用地震相干体进行断层自动解释[J],石油地球物理勘探,1998,增刊1.
[6]刘宝君等,沉积岩石学[M].北京:地质出版社,1980.
[7]朱广生,地震资料储层预测方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998.
[8]王寿庆,扇三角洲模式[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993.
[9] Christopher L. Liner ,关于波阻抗反演问题的讨论[M].西北油气勘探,1997.
[10]白应甫译,王建谋,校,用于储层描述和检测的地震岩石特征[M].石油物探译丛,1990.
[11]姚逢昌,刘雯林等,横向预测技术在储层研究中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1991.
[12]李玉英,鹿河校,岩性反演的综合方法[M].石油物探译丛,1993.
[13]李玉民,波阻抗多约束反演[M].石油物探,1994.
[14]周竹生,周熙襄,宽带约束反演方法[M].石油地球物理勘探,1993.
[15]王德发,陈建文,李长山.中国陆相储层表征与成藏型式[J].地学前缘,2000.10,V7(4).
[16]徐怀大,从地震地层学到层序地层学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997.
[17]谭廷栋主编,测井学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998.
[18] [美]C.E佩顿编,牛毓荃等译,地震地层学[M].石油工业出版社,1980.
[19]唐建人,李勤学等,高分辨率地震勘探理论与实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001.
[20]徐怀大,地震地层解释基础.武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1990.
[21]俞寿朋,高分辨率地震勘探.北京:石油工业出版社,1993.
[22]廖兴明,姚继峰等,辽河盆地构造演化与油气[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996.
[23]姜在兴,沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003.
[24]王永春,松辽盆地南部岩性油藏的形成和分布[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001.
[25]马玉龙,等.辽河油区勘探与开发[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997.
[26]黄延章,等.低渗透油层渗流机理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998.
[27]吕延防,付广,高大岭,等.油气藏封盖研究[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996.
[28]李国兴.陆相储层沉积微相与微型构造[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000.
[29]姜在兴,等.层序地层学原理及应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996.
[30]中国石油天然气股份有限公司勘探与开发生产分公司.储层预测技术及应用实例[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000.
[31]张应波,张骥东.地震岩性预测新方法探索[J].石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(6).
[32]吴胜和,熊琦华,等.储层建模[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
[33]吴胜和,武军昌,储勇,等.陡坡扇储集层三维沉积相建模研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(3).
[34] Haldorsen H H , et al. Stochastic modeling [J].JPT,1990,42,404-412.
[35] Holden L, et al. Modeling of fluvial reservoirs with object models [J].Mathematical Geology,1998,30(5):473-495.
[36]纪友亮,张仕齐,等.陆相断陷湖盆层序地层学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996.
[37]罗蜇谭,王允诚.油气储集层的孔隙结构[M].北京:科学出版社,1986.
[38]李庆忠.走向精细勘探的道路[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994.
[39]吴崇筠,薛叔浩,等.中国含油气盆地沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992.
[40] Middleton G V. Hampton M A. Sediment Gravity Flow: Mechanics of Flow and Deposition, in Turbidites and Deep Water Sedimentation. Anaheim: SEPM Pacific sec. Short Course Notes, 1978.
[41] Lowe D R. Sediment Gravity Flows: Depositional Models with Special Reference to the Deposits of High–Density Turbidity Currents. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology,1982,52(1):279～297.
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