二灰土强度形成影响因素的试验与应用研究
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摘要
二灰土因其具有强度高、水稳性好、施工方便和有利于环保等优点,在高等级公路底基层中被广泛使用。但是对于二灰土施工质量控制特别是灰剂量的控制难度较大,灰剂量的测定和二灰土灰剂量的衰减问题方面的研究较少,施工现场检测大多基于石灰土。本文在大量室内试验的基础上,研究二灰土(即石灰粉煤灰土)在作为公路路面底基层或路基时,在“闷料”以及压实成型过程中,伴随强度形成,二灰土所发生的一系列物理化学变化规律。并对二灰土在不同含水量和压实情况下随强度增长过程中有效钙镁含量的衰减情况展开了试验研究,对二灰土在不同情况下和不同时段内的强度和有效钙镁含量的检测有一定的帮助。
本论文的实验主要包括原材料的物理力学性质、二灰土的标准击实特性、各种配比二灰土的抗压强度的变化规律,同时,还进行了不同龄期、不同养护条件和不同压实度的二灰土灰剂量衰减的试验分析,以及二灰土在强度形成过程中干密度的变化规律,对今后二灰土在不同情况下和不同时段内的强度和有效钙镁含量的检测有一定的指导意义。试验研究表明:影响二灰土早期强度的首要因素是二灰比,影响二灰土后期强度的首要因素是二灰含量。因此,在混合料组成设计时,应以较长龄期的试验结果为依据;在标准养护情况下,二灰土的衰减为前7天约10%,15天为18%,30天约为30%;另外,其干密度随时间的变化前三天几乎不变,而到第七天增大约1%,后期增加不甚明显。
Because of many merits, such as higher strength, better water stability, convenient for construction and good for environment protection, lime-ash soil is widely used now in high class highway sub-base. However, there are some difficulties in controlling lime-ash soil construction quality, especially the lime content, fewer researches are done to inspect lime content as well as lime content decaying in lime-ash soil and most inspections on the construction spot are based on lime-soil. On the basis of large numbers of indoor experiments, this paper studies a series of physical and chemical change laws of lime-ash soil along with the strength in the process of sealing and compactness when it is used to be highway sub-base or sub-grade. Moreover, this paper also does some experimental researches on the decaying condition of effective calcium and magnesium content in lime-ash soil as the strength increases under different water contents and different compactness conditions, which is very helpful for the inspection of effective calcium and magnesium content as well as the strength under different conditions and different periods.
The experiments in this paper mainly include physical and mechanical properties of raw materials, standard compactness characters of lime-ash soil as well as the compressive strength change laws of lime-ash soil with different proportions. Meanwhile, this paper analyzes the lime content decaying in lime-ash soil and dry density change laws in the process of lime-ash soil strength forming under different ages, different conservation conditions and different compactness conditions, which has guiding meaning for the inspection of lime-ash soil strength under different conditions and different periods as well as effective calcium and magnesium content. The experimental research shows that the primary factor to influence early strength of lime-ash soil is lime-ash proportion, while the late strength is lime-ash content. Therefore, we should base on later age experimental results when we design the mixture composition. Under the standard conservation condition, the decaying of lime-ash soil is about 10% in the first seven days, 18% in fifteen days and 30% in thirty days. In addition, its dry density is almost the same in the first three days, about 1% to the seventh day and is not very obvious in later period.
本论文的实验主要包括原材料的物理力学性质、二灰土的标准击实特性、各种配比二灰土的抗压强度的变化规律,同时,还进行了不同龄期、不同养护条件和不同压实度的二灰土灰剂量衰减的试验分析,以及二灰土在强度形成过程中干密度的变化规律,对今后二灰土在不同情况下和不同时段内的强度和有效钙镁含量的检测有一定的指导意义。试验研究表明:影响二灰土早期强度的首要因素是二灰比,影响二灰土后期强度的首要因素是二灰含量。因此,在混合料组成设计时,应以较长龄期的试验结果为依据;在标准养护情况下,二灰土的衰减为前7天约10%,15天为18%,30天约为30%;另外,其干密度随时间的变化前三天几乎不变,而到第七天增大约1%,后期增加不甚明显。
Because of many merits, such as higher strength, better water stability, convenient for construction and good for environment protection, lime-ash soil is widely used now in high class highway sub-base. However, there are some difficulties in controlling lime-ash soil construction quality, especially the lime content, fewer researches are done to inspect lime content as well as lime content decaying in lime-ash soil and most inspections on the construction spot are based on lime-soil. On the basis of large numbers of indoor experiments, this paper studies a series of physical and chemical change laws of lime-ash soil along with the strength in the process of sealing and compactness when it is used to be highway sub-base or sub-grade. Moreover, this paper also does some experimental researches on the decaying condition of effective calcium and magnesium content in lime-ash soil as the strength increases under different water contents and different compactness conditions, which is very helpful for the inspection of effective calcium and magnesium content as well as the strength under different conditions and different periods.
The experiments in this paper mainly include physical and mechanical properties of raw materials, standard compactness characters of lime-ash soil as well as the compressive strength change laws of lime-ash soil with different proportions. Meanwhile, this paper analyzes the lime content decaying in lime-ash soil and dry density change laws in the process of lime-ash soil strength forming under different ages, different conservation conditions and different compactness conditions, which has guiding meaning for the inspection of lime-ash soil strength under different conditions and different periods as well as effective calcium and magnesium content. The experimental research shows that the primary factor to influence early strength of lime-ash soil is lime-ash proportion, while the late strength is lime-ash content. Therefore, we should base on later age experimental results when we design the mixture composition. Under the standard conservation condition, the decaying of lime-ash soil is about 10% in the first seven days, 18% in fifteen days and 30% in thirty days. In addition, its dry density is almost the same in the first three days, about 1% to the seventh day and is not very obvious in later period.
引文
[1] 沙庆林.高等级公路半刚性基层沥青路面.人民交通出版社,1999
[2] 薛国强.南京新机场高速公路二灰土底基层施工质量控制及监理.路基工程,1998 年第 4 期
[3] 王大明,刘国昌,丁天锐.宁杭高速公路二灰土底基层机械化施工.筑路机械与施工机械化,2004
[4] 上海建筑科学研究院.燃煤电厂固体废弃物的综合利用.《新型建筑材料》,1996.3
[5] 赵敏岗.2005年上海市粉煤灰排放量、综合利用量再创新高.信息报导,2005年6月
[6] PETER.S.Pell,Development in Highway Pavement Engineering,1982
[7] 丁庭,李晓力.二灰土技术及填料优化设计研究.西部探矿工程,2003,5,5～7
[8] 孔繁龙.石灰粉煤灰稳定土路面底基层施工技术.华东公路,2003,5,29～35
[9] 王新明,林江.高塑性粘土二灰土施工质量控制关键.2003,31,3,31～33
[10] 张福海,王保田,张文慧,李守德.石灰改良膨胀土的“灰剂量衰减”规律研究.公路交通科技,2006.12
[11] 韩艳芬,赵蔚东.关于公路路基石灰土施工中石灰剂量衰减规律的探讨.内蒙古林业调查设计.2000 年
[12] 郭大进,程霞,陈君等.稳定土中水泥或石灰剂量衰减问题的研究.公路交通科技,2002 年 10 月
[13] 王业广,刘晟,汪国专.石灰稳定土剂量衰减率及其压实度的试验研究.江苏交通科技,1995.6
[14] 陶恩中.粉煤灰资源化中的几个问题.《粉煤灰综合利用》,1996.1
[15] 王德广,张洪良.粉煤灰高强混凝土的力学性能研究.《粉煤灰综合利用》,1996-4
[16] 连河,张家平.新型道路建筑材料.化学工业出版社,2003。
[17] 刘树堂,商庆森.石灰与粉煤灰稳定黄河冲击粉土的最佳配比分析.山东工业大学学报,1997
[18] 罗金玲.公路石灰土基层施工质量控制若干问题的探讨.西部探矿,2004.11。
[19] 陈瑛瑜,王淑媛.石灰土底基层和垫层的强度分析析.交通科技与经济,2004.4
[20] 中华人民共和国行业标准.公路工程无机结合料稳定材料试验规程(JTJ058-94).北京:人民交通出版社.1994。
[21] 中华人民共和国行业标准.公路路面基层施工技术规范(JTJ034-2000).北京:人民交通出版社,2000。
[22] 程箭.二灰稳定膨胀土配合比设计方法与应用研究.南京林业大学硕士论文,2006.6
[23] 中华人民共和国行业标准.公路土工试验规程(JTJ 051-93).人民交通出版社,1995.11
[24] 杜跃武.再生石灰土基层与二灰土基层在路面大修工程中的研究与应用.大连理工大, 学硕士学位论文,2001
[25] 邱国锋,傅光奇.高速公路二灰土底基层配合比的确定与施工.广州大学学报(自然科学版 2004)
[26] 石永生,隋静,张洪光.哈尔滨机场高速公路二灰土施工工艺的探讨.黑龙江交通科技,2000 年
[27] 中华人民共和国行业标准.公路工程无机结合料稳定材料试验规程(JTJ 057-94).2005.4
[28] 粉煤灰填筑路堤技术与应用.交通部科技情报研究所,1991。
[29] 粉煤灰筑路技术译文集.交通部科技情报研究所,1990。
[30] 王希玲.灰土击实试验及其应用.西北建筑工程学院学报(自然科学版) ,2002 年 9 月
[31] 史小昕.关于击实试验的几点思考.江苏建筑,2003 年第 4 期(总第 93 期)
[32] 张登良.加固土原理.北京:人民交通出版社,1990.
[33] 沙爱民.半刚性路面材料结构与性能.人民交通出版社,1998.5
[34] 李栋国.长春地区石灰、二灰稳定细粒土配比试验和施工控制的研究.吉林大学硕士学位论文,2005
[35] 张海彬.EDTA 滴定法测定石灰土的灰剂量.中国科技信息,2005.10
[36] 张福海,王保田,张文慧,李守德.石灰改良膨胀土的“灰剂量衰减”规律研究.公路交通科技,2006.12
[37] 沙庆林.高等级公路半刚性基层沥青路面.人民交通出版社,1999.8
[38] 赵淑敏.二灰土现场试验检测方法探讨.公路,2003,4,123～124。
[39] 许永明.粉煤灰应用于道路工程的研究.《西安公路学院学报》1983.1
[40] 沙庆林.公路压实和压实标准. 人民交通出版社,1986 年 11 月.
[41] 张洪华.粉煤灰在公路路面工程中的应用研究.《粉煤灰综合利用》1995·1
[42] 梁乃兴,张登良.石灰加固土原理的研究.《西安公路学院学报》1984
[43] 聂继红,王超粉.煤灰微观结构及显微成分分析.《粉煤灰综合利用》1995·1
[44] 张登良,许永明,沙爱民.石灰粉煤灰稳定土的早强试验研究.《粉煤灰综合利用》1996
[45] 于跃勋.提高粉煤灰火山灰活性的若干方法.《粉煤灰综合利用》1996·3
[46] 沙爱民.半刚性路面材料结构与性能.人民交通出版社,1998 年 4 月第 1 版
[47]DIAMONDS.,KINTERE.B,Mechanism of soil-lime stabilization: an interpr-etative review.Presntation at the 44th Annual Meting,Highway Resarch Board,Washington,1965.
[48] HERZOGA.,MITCHELL,J.K.Reactions accompanying stabilization of clays with cement.Highway research Board,1963(36):146～171.
[49] Arabi.M.and Wild.S.,Micro Structural Development in Cured Soil-lime Composte,Journal of Materials Science,1986,21
[50] Wild.S.,Arabi.M.and Lengward.G.,Soil Lime Reaction and Microstructural Development at Elevated Temperatures[J],ClayMinerals,1986,21
[51] Wild,S.,Arabi,M. and Rowlands, G.O.,Relation Between Pore Size Distribution,Permeability and Cementions Gel Formation in Cured Clay-Lime Systems. Matericals Science and Technology,1987,3:1005-1011
[2] 薛国强.南京新机场高速公路二灰土底基层施工质量控制及监理.路基工程,1998 年第 4 期
[3] 王大明,刘国昌,丁天锐.宁杭高速公路二灰土底基层机械化施工.筑路机械与施工机械化,2004
[4] 上海建筑科学研究院.燃煤电厂固体废弃物的综合利用.《新型建筑材料》,1996.3
[5] 赵敏岗.2005年上海市粉煤灰排放量、综合利用量再创新高.信息报导,2005年6月
[6] PETER.S.Pell,Development in Highway Pavement Engineering,1982
[7] 丁庭,李晓力.二灰土技术及填料优化设计研究.西部探矿工程,2003,5,5～7
[8] 孔繁龙.石灰粉煤灰稳定土路面底基层施工技术.华东公路,2003,5,29～35
[9] 王新明,林江.高塑性粘土二灰土施工质量控制关键.2003,31,3,31～33
[10] 张福海,王保田,张文慧,李守德.石灰改良膨胀土的“灰剂量衰减”规律研究.公路交通科技,2006.12
[11] 韩艳芬,赵蔚东.关于公路路基石灰土施工中石灰剂量衰减规律的探讨.内蒙古林业调查设计.2000 年
[12] 郭大进,程霞,陈君等.稳定土中水泥或石灰剂量衰减问题的研究.公路交通科技,2002 年 10 月
[13] 王业广,刘晟,汪国专.石灰稳定土剂量衰减率及其压实度的试验研究.江苏交通科技,1995.6
[14] 陶恩中.粉煤灰资源化中的几个问题.《粉煤灰综合利用》,1996.1
[15] 王德广,张洪良.粉煤灰高强混凝土的力学性能研究.《粉煤灰综合利用》,1996-4
[16] 连河,张家平.新型道路建筑材料.化学工业出版社,2003。
[17] 刘树堂,商庆森.石灰与粉煤灰稳定黄河冲击粉土的最佳配比分析.山东工业大学学报,1997
[18] 罗金玲.公路石灰土基层施工质量控制若干问题的探讨.西部探矿,2004.11。
[19] 陈瑛瑜,王淑媛.石灰土底基层和垫层的强度分析析.交通科技与经济,2004.4
[20] 中华人民共和国行业标准.公路工程无机结合料稳定材料试验规程(JTJ058-94).北京:人民交通出版社.1994。
[21] 中华人民共和国行业标准.公路路面基层施工技术规范(JTJ034-2000).北京:人民交通出版社,2000。
[22] 程箭.二灰稳定膨胀土配合比设计方法与应用研究.南京林业大学硕士论文,2006.6
[23] 中华人民共和国行业标准.公路土工试验规程(JTJ 051-93).人民交通出版社,1995.11
[24] 杜跃武.再生石灰土基层与二灰土基层在路面大修工程中的研究与应用.大连理工大, 学硕士学位论文,2001
[25] 邱国锋,傅光奇.高速公路二灰土底基层配合比的确定与施工.广州大学学报(自然科学版 2004)
[26] 石永生,隋静,张洪光.哈尔滨机场高速公路二灰土施工工艺的探讨.黑龙江交通科技,2000 年
[27] 中华人民共和国行业标准.公路工程无机结合料稳定材料试验规程(JTJ 057-94).2005.4
[28] 粉煤灰填筑路堤技术与应用.交通部科技情报研究所,1991。
[29] 粉煤灰筑路技术译文集.交通部科技情报研究所,1990。
[30] 王希玲.灰土击实试验及其应用.西北建筑工程学院学报(自然科学版) ,2002 年 9 月
[31] 史小昕.关于击实试验的几点思考.江苏建筑,2003 年第 4 期(总第 93 期)
[32] 张登良.加固土原理.北京:人民交通出版社,1990.
[33] 沙爱民.半刚性路面材料结构与性能.人民交通出版社,1998.5
[34] 李栋国.长春地区石灰、二灰稳定细粒土配比试验和施工控制的研究.吉林大学硕士学位论文,2005
[35] 张海彬.EDTA 滴定法测定石灰土的灰剂量.中国科技信息,2005.10
[36] 张福海,王保田,张文慧,李守德.石灰改良膨胀土的“灰剂量衰减”规律研究.公路交通科技,2006.12
[37] 沙庆林.高等级公路半刚性基层沥青路面.人民交通出版社,1999.8
[38] 赵淑敏.二灰土现场试验检测方法探讨.公路,2003,4,123～124。
[39] 许永明.粉煤灰应用于道路工程的研究.《西安公路学院学报》1983.1
[40] 沙庆林.公路压实和压实标准. 人民交通出版社,1986 年 11 月.
[41] 张洪华.粉煤灰在公路路面工程中的应用研究.《粉煤灰综合利用》1995·1
[42] 梁乃兴,张登良.石灰加固土原理的研究.《西安公路学院学报》1984
[43] 聂继红,王超粉.煤灰微观结构及显微成分分析.《粉煤灰综合利用》1995·1
[44] 张登良,许永明,沙爱民.石灰粉煤灰稳定土的早强试验研究.《粉煤灰综合利用》1996
[45] 于跃勋.提高粉煤灰火山灰活性的若干方法.《粉煤灰综合利用》1996·3
[46] 沙爱民.半刚性路面材料结构与性能.人民交通出版社,1998 年 4 月第 1 版
[47]DIAMONDS.,KINTERE.B,Mechanism of soil-lime stabilization: an interpr-etative review.Presntation at the 44th Annual Meting,Highway Resarch Board,Washington,1965.
[48] HERZOGA.,MITCHELL,J.K.Reactions accompanying stabilization of clays with cement.Highway research Board,1963(36):146～171.
[49] Arabi.M.and Wild.S.,Micro Structural Development in Cured Soil-lime Composte,Journal of Materials Science,1986,21
[50] Wild.S.,Arabi.M.and Lengward.G.,Soil Lime Reaction and Microstructural Development at Elevated Temperatures[J],ClayMinerals,1986,21
[51] Wild,S.,Arabi,M. and Rowlands, G.O.,Relation Between Pore Size Distribution,Permeability and Cementions Gel Formation in Cured Clay-Lime Systems. Matericals Science and Technology,1987,3:1005-1011