煤矿员工的事故心理致因及行为决策研究
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摘要
研究煤矿员工的心理致因及行为规律对减少人因失误、减少和防止煤矿员工行为偏差,进而提高煤矿企业安全生产水平具有重要实践意义。论文对煤矿事故与心理致因的关联性、突发事件下煤矿员工个体心理及行为、‘煤矿员工群体行为特征及决策行为、煤矿职工心理问题的指标体系和安全心理状态评价进行了研究并取得了如下成果。以三维统计图分析近年来我国煤矿瓦斯爆炸事故多因素叠加致灾规律,揭示近年来瓦斯爆炸事故往往发生在低瓦斯“安全”区域的特点、突发事件叠加心理因素致灾的原因,并针对提出灾害防治的具体建议；分析了煤矿突发事件下个体决策心理响应机制,建立了突发事件影响下的行为决策模型,提出了减少事故或突发事件的强大心理压力的方法,以及改进煤矿职工心理状态的对策和建议；分析了煤矿生产中班组群体行为特征,建立了煤矿员工群体行为数学模型,并提出了在班组管理和工作中引导和规范班组群体成员行为的方法,分析了突发事件下群体行为特征及行为偏差特点；基于煤矿员工心理状况调查和指标评价方法,分析确定了个体心理状况评价指标及权重,建立了员工心理安全状况评价体系和心理状况模糊评价模型,经实践应用进行验证。
The dissertation research has great practical significance for reducing misplay of human factor, decreasing and preventing miners'behavior biases, and enhancing the level of production safety of coal mine enterprises. The relevance of coal accidents and psychological causes, individual psychology & behavior of miners of unexpected accidents, group behavior characteristics & decision behavior of miners, the indicator system of miners' psychological problem, the assessment safety psychological state were studied. The disaster induced rule of multifactor superimposed of domestic mining gas explosion accidents recently was analyzed by 3 d-statistic graph. The characteristics of mining gas explosion accidents recently frequently outbreaking in "safe" low gas zone and the disaster induced reason of unexpected accidents superimposed were revealed, the proposal for disaster controlling was raised. The individual decision psychology responding mechanism of mine coal unexpected accidents was analyzed and then the model of behavior decision-making influenced by unexpected accidents was established. The powerful psychological stress method for reducing accidents or unexpected accidents and the countermeasure & proposal to improving miners' psychological state were raised. The group behavior characteristics in the process of coal mine production was analyzed adn the mathematical model of miners' group behavior based on imitating transmission was built up. The method for guiding and standardizing team members' behavior in group managing and working was raised. Based on miners'psychological status investigation and evaluating indicator method, individual psychological status evaluation indicator & power weight was analyzed and determined. The miners psychological safety status evaluation system and psychological status fuzzy evaluation model was established and was verified by practical application.
The dissertation research has great practical significance for reducing misplay of human factor, decreasing and preventing miners'behavior biases, and enhancing the level of production safety of coal mine enterprises. The relevance of coal accidents and psychological causes, individual psychology & behavior of miners of unexpected accidents, group behavior characteristics & decision behavior of miners, the indicator system of miners' psychological problem, the assessment safety psychological state were studied. The disaster induced rule of multifactor superimposed of domestic mining gas explosion accidents recently was analyzed by 3 d-statistic graph. The characteristics of mining gas explosion accidents recently frequently outbreaking in "safe" low gas zone and the disaster induced reason of unexpected accidents superimposed were revealed, the proposal for disaster controlling was raised. The individual decision psychology responding mechanism of mine coal unexpected accidents was analyzed and then the model of behavior decision-making influenced by unexpected accidents was established. The powerful psychological stress method for reducing accidents or unexpected accidents and the countermeasure & proposal to improving miners' psychological state were raised. The group behavior characteristics in the process of coal mine production was analyzed adn the mathematical model of miners' group behavior based on imitating transmission was built up. The method for guiding and standardizing team members' behavior in group managing and working was raised. Based on miners'psychological status investigation and evaluating indicator method, individual psychological status evaluation indicator & power weight was analyzed and determined. The miners psychological safety status evaluation system and psychological status fuzzy evaluation model was established and was verified by practical application.
引文
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