流体中低浓度异质物含量的超声检测原理与应用研究
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摘要
如何有效利用不存在二次污染的技术高效治理和保护人类生存环境是当今科技界的热点研究课题,论文面向实际应用,开展了基于声学检测的有害气体六氟化硫泄露在线监控、污水处理的超声电子设备、基于声学与电子技术的变压器油含水量的检测等实际课题中的基础问题和关键技术的研究。
论文首先从理论和实验两个方面对流体中低浓度异质物含量的超声检测原理进行了研究。在前人研究的基础上,合理简化相关条件,推导出了适合于实际工程应用情况的理论公式,进而通过三种实验证明了公式对于空气中低浓度六氟化硫的含量、超声水处理中水中低浓度空化泡的含量、变压器油中低浓度水的含量的超声检测方法的可行性。论文在完成流体中低浓度异质物含量的超声检测原理研究后,接着从三个方面开展了应用研究。
论文在污水处理的超声电子设备方面进行了以下三个方面研究:一是根据实际水处理试验,提出了适用于水处理的超声电源电路的频率等参数优化设计的方案,增强了水处理超声电源研发的针对性;二是利用先进的通信电路原理对超声电源与超声水处理反应器间匹配的技术进行了探讨,采用传输线变压器、智能芯片、可调电感实现了宽频率范围内阻抗的自适应共轭匹配变换,提高了超声电源电路向超声水处理反应器输出的有效电功率;三是提出了超声检测空化泡含量和窄脉冲法测量高声强的两种方法与方案,为从事超声水处理研究人员提供了测量声空化效应与声强的新手段,进而为验证实验中声场参数条件的可信性、增强研究成果的可重复性打下了基础。
论文在六氟化硫泄漏的在线监控方面主要进行了两方面的研究:一是提出了超声集中检测方法,良好解决了因采集器过多而出现的安装麻烦等问题;二是通过差分及补偿方法有效改善了检测精度不高和误报等问题。
论文在变压器油含水量检测方面主要进行了两方面的研究:一是建立了变压器油中微水含量超声检测的总体方案;二是对检测方案中的超声乳化和信号采集等关键技术进行了研究。
本论文的部分研究成果获2009年度中国电子学会电子信息科学技术三等奖,有些已经进入实际应用阶段。
It is urgent to develop technologies without secondary pollution to protect the human living environment. With the special application, this dissertation develops several key techniques to solve pollution problems, such as online acoustic detection monitoring for the leakage of harmful gas SF6, ultrasonic electronics equipments for sewage treatment, transformer water-in-oil detection with acoustic and electronic methods. The contributions of the dissertation are summarized as follows:
The ultrasonic testing principle for the low concentration of impurities in the fluid is researched in both experimental and theoretical fields. We simplify the related conditions in conventional methods reasonably. The novel theoretical formulas are concluded for the practical engineering application. With the experiments, it demonstrates that our formulas are more suitable in the ultrasonic detection for the low concentration of different material contents, such as SF6 content in the air, cavitation bubble content in the water, water content in the transformer oil.
The dissertation also develops several ultrasonic equipments of sewage treatment in three aspects. The scheme of the ultrasonic power circuit for water treatment based on actual water test is proposed. It shows that the conversion of electrical power to acoustic power is effectively improved compared with the conventional method. Meanwhile, the enhanced match equipment between the ultrasonic power and ultrasonic reactor for water treatment is realized by using advanced communication circuit. This equipment can obtain adaptive conjugate match impedance transformation in wide frequency range, which only comprises transmission line transformers, smart chips and variable inductors. It shows that this equipment can obviously promote electric power which ultrasonic power supply circuit output to ultrasonic reactor for water treatment. At last, the ultrasonic detection method of cavitation bubble content and the narrow pulse measure method of high strength sound intensity are presented respectively. These methods provide a novel tool to measure acoustic related parameters and enhance the reliability of the experiment results.
In the research of the online monitoring of SF6 leakage, ultrasonic centralized detection method is proposed to deal with the problem of cumbersome installation. We also improve the detecting precision and reduce the misinformation condition possibility by the difference and compensation method.
Finally, this dissertation focuses on the water content test in transformer oil. The framework is established for the ultrasonic detection of water content in transformer oils. Some research workes is also done in the phacoemulsification and signal acquisition sections.
The main research in this dissertation has achieved the prize in the third rank by Chinese Institute of Electronics and Information Science Technology in 2009. Some achievements are now in the process of the actual application.
论文首先从理论和实验两个方面对流体中低浓度异质物含量的超声检测原理进行了研究。在前人研究的基础上,合理简化相关条件,推导出了适合于实际工程应用情况的理论公式,进而通过三种实验证明了公式对于空气中低浓度六氟化硫的含量、超声水处理中水中低浓度空化泡的含量、变压器油中低浓度水的含量的超声检测方法的可行性。论文在完成流体中低浓度异质物含量的超声检测原理研究后,接着从三个方面开展了应用研究。
论文在污水处理的超声电子设备方面进行了以下三个方面研究:一是根据实际水处理试验,提出了适用于水处理的超声电源电路的频率等参数优化设计的方案,增强了水处理超声电源研发的针对性;二是利用先进的通信电路原理对超声电源与超声水处理反应器间匹配的技术进行了探讨,采用传输线变压器、智能芯片、可调电感实现了宽频率范围内阻抗的自适应共轭匹配变换,提高了超声电源电路向超声水处理反应器输出的有效电功率;三是提出了超声检测空化泡含量和窄脉冲法测量高声强的两种方法与方案,为从事超声水处理研究人员提供了测量声空化效应与声强的新手段,进而为验证实验中声场参数条件的可信性、增强研究成果的可重复性打下了基础。
论文在六氟化硫泄漏的在线监控方面主要进行了两方面的研究:一是提出了超声集中检测方法,良好解决了因采集器过多而出现的安装麻烦等问题;二是通过差分及补偿方法有效改善了检测精度不高和误报等问题。
论文在变压器油含水量检测方面主要进行了两方面的研究:一是建立了变压器油中微水含量超声检测的总体方案;二是对检测方案中的超声乳化和信号采集等关键技术进行了研究。
本论文的部分研究成果获2009年度中国电子学会电子信息科学技术三等奖,有些已经进入实际应用阶段。
It is urgent to develop technologies without secondary pollution to protect the human living environment. With the special application, this dissertation develops several key techniques to solve pollution problems, such as online acoustic detection monitoring for the leakage of harmful gas SF6, ultrasonic electronics equipments for sewage treatment, transformer water-in-oil detection with acoustic and electronic methods. The contributions of the dissertation are summarized as follows:
The ultrasonic testing principle for the low concentration of impurities in the fluid is researched in both experimental and theoretical fields. We simplify the related conditions in conventional methods reasonably. The novel theoretical formulas are concluded for the practical engineering application. With the experiments, it demonstrates that our formulas are more suitable in the ultrasonic detection for the low concentration of different material contents, such as SF6 content in the air, cavitation bubble content in the water, water content in the transformer oil.
The dissertation also develops several ultrasonic equipments of sewage treatment in three aspects. The scheme of the ultrasonic power circuit for water treatment based on actual water test is proposed. It shows that the conversion of electrical power to acoustic power is effectively improved compared with the conventional method. Meanwhile, the enhanced match equipment between the ultrasonic power and ultrasonic reactor for water treatment is realized by using advanced communication circuit. This equipment can obtain adaptive conjugate match impedance transformation in wide frequency range, which only comprises transmission line transformers, smart chips and variable inductors. It shows that this equipment can obviously promote electric power which ultrasonic power supply circuit output to ultrasonic reactor for water treatment. At last, the ultrasonic detection method of cavitation bubble content and the narrow pulse measure method of high strength sound intensity are presented respectively. These methods provide a novel tool to measure acoustic related parameters and enhance the reliability of the experiment results.
In the research of the online monitoring of SF6 leakage, ultrasonic centralized detection method is proposed to deal with the problem of cumbersome installation. We also improve the detecting precision and reduce the misinformation condition possibility by the difference and compensation method.
Finally, this dissertation focuses on the water content test in transformer oil. The framework is established for the ultrasonic detection of water content in transformer oils. Some research workes is also done in the phacoemulsification and signal acquisition sections.
The main research in this dissertation has achieved the prize in the third rank by Chinese Institute of Electronics and Information Science Technology in 2009. Some achievements are now in the process of the actual application.
引文
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