化学混凝技术在造纸中段废水深度处理中的应用
|
摘要
造纸行业的水污染问题一直是社会关注的焦点,也是污水防治领域的热点问题。造纸工业是一个耗水大户,排放的废水量很大,对环境的污染也相当严重。随着环保力度的进一步加大和水资源的短缺,排放标准必将更为严格,对造纸中段废水进行深度处理并使其达到回用标准将是造纸企业面临的重要课题。山东省是缺水的省份,山东省的造纸工业环境保护,特别是废水处理工作,政府重视,企业投入大,设施运行好,一直走在行业前列。此课题正是在这样的背景下由山东省环保局立题,来自课题造纸废水处理,是其中的一部分。本文以某造纸厂二级生化处理的中段废水出水为研究水样,探讨了化学混凝技术深度处理造纸中段废水的技术问题,为造纸中段废水的回用打下一定基础。
本文通过化学混凝技术,利用不同化学混凝剂对造纸二级生化处理中段废水出水进行深度处理,并研究了试剂种类及用量、pH值、反应时间、沉淀时间等因素对处理效果的影响,对比分析了反应前后废水的化学需氧量COD_(cr)、色度的去除率,总结出最佳处理工艺条件。
本文主要研究了混凝剂PAC、PFS以及Fenton试剂在深度处理造纸中段废水中的应用。实验研究结果表明:PAC与PFS深度处理此造纸中段废水,在pH值为7~8时,混凝剂PAC与PFS按2:1的比例配合、加药量400mg/L、助凝剂PAM加入量1mg/L、搅拌速度70n/min、搅拌时间10min、混凝后沉淀30min,为最佳处理工艺条件,COD_(cr)可降到90mg/L以下,COD_(cr)可去除率达70%以上;色度可降到90倍,色度去除率可达82%。正交实验考虑混凝剂种类、投加量、反应时间、助凝剂四个因子对COD_(cr)和色度的去除率的影响是一致的,主次顺序依次是混凝剂种类→投加量→反应时间→助凝剂。
Fenton试剂深度处理此造纸中段废水,当pH值调为3、投药量Fe~(2+)1mmol/L、H_2O_24mmol/L、混凝反应时间为40min、沉淀时间为30min时,为最优组合,去除效果最佳。COD_(cr)可降低到45mg/L,去除率可达到85%;色度可降到50倍,去除率可达到90%。正交实验所考虑Fe~(2+)的投加量、H_2O_2投加量、pH值、反应时间四个因素,由实验结果进行分析得出,对COD_(cr)和色度去除率的影响主次顺序不完全相同。对COD_(cr)的去除率影响由大到小依次为Fe~(2+)的投加量→H_2O_2投加量→pH值→反应时间。对色度的去除率影响由大到小依次是H_2O_2投加量→pH值→Fe~(2+)的投加量→反应时间。
Waste water pollution of paper-making industry has been the focus of attention in the field of prevention and treatment of waste-water discharge.Consumption Paper industry need consume a big amount of water,and meanwhile the number of sewage disposal is very large.Environmental pollution is quite serious.With the increase of environmental protection efforts and the shortage of water resources,sewage discharge standard will be more strict.The enterprises will be faced to an important subject that advanced treatment of the papermaking middle-stage wastewater and up to reused standard.The area of Shandong province is lack of water.The paper industry's environmental protection in Shandong Province,particularly the treatment of waste water,has been at the forefront of the industry.Government and corporate pay much attention to environmental pollution,and the facility is operating well.This title is set up by the Shandong Environmental Protection Agency in this context,which is a part of the subject of paper-making waste water treatment.This article studys advanced treatment of the papermaking middle-stage wastewater with coagulation technology and lay the foundation for wastewater reuse.
In this paper,chemical coagulation technology was used to treat papermaking middle-stage wastewater with different coagulant and studied the amount of reagent, pH,reaction time,the precipitation time on the degradation effect,It made a comparative study on wastewater's chemical oxygen demand CODcr and the color removal before and after coagulation and summed up the best process conditions.
This paper was focused on advanced treatment of the papermaking middle-stage wastewater with coagulation PAC,PFS,as well as Fenton reagents,analysing effect factor containing coagulation dosage,pH,reaction time,deposition time and the removing rates of COD_(cr) and colour after coagulation,summed up the best conditions. Experimental results showed that under the conditions of value of pH 7.0～8.0, PAC/PFS ratio 2,coagulation dosage 400 mg/L,PAM addition of 1mg/L,mixing speed 70n/min,stirring time 10 mins,deposition time 30 mins,for the best conditions,and COD_(cr) down to 90mg/L below,the removal efficiencies of COD_(cr) were more than 70%, and the color down to 90 times,the color removal rate above 82%.The result was most efective.The four factors of CODcr and color removal in orthogonal is the same of the impact of the order of priorities,and followed by descending coagulant type→dosage→reaction time→the flocculant.
For Fenton reagents,when pH adjusted to 3,Fe~(2+)dosage 1 mmol/L and H_2O_2 4mmol/L,the reaction time 40min,deposition time 30min,was the optimal level for the portfolio and has the best removal efficiency.The COD_(cr) reduced to 45mg/L and the removal rate was 85%,the color down to 50 times and the removal rate was 90%. The four factors of CODcr and color removal in orthogonal is not the same of the impact of the order of priorities,The results orthogonal analysis affected COD_(cr) of primary and secondary followed by descending order of Fe~(2+)dosage→H_2O_2 dosage→pH→reaction time,but for color removal is H_2O_2 dosage→pH→Fe~(2+) dosage→reaction time.
本文通过化学混凝技术,利用不同化学混凝剂对造纸二级生化处理中段废水出水进行深度处理,并研究了试剂种类及用量、pH值、反应时间、沉淀时间等因素对处理效果的影响,对比分析了反应前后废水的化学需氧量COD_(cr)、色度的去除率,总结出最佳处理工艺条件。
本文主要研究了混凝剂PAC、PFS以及Fenton试剂在深度处理造纸中段废水中的应用。实验研究结果表明:PAC与PFS深度处理此造纸中段废水,在pH值为7~8时,混凝剂PAC与PFS按2:1的比例配合、加药量400mg/L、助凝剂PAM加入量1mg/L、搅拌速度70n/min、搅拌时间10min、混凝后沉淀30min,为最佳处理工艺条件,COD_(cr)可降到90mg/L以下,COD_(cr)可去除率达70%以上;色度可降到90倍,色度去除率可达82%。正交实验考虑混凝剂种类、投加量、反应时间、助凝剂四个因子对COD_(cr)和色度的去除率的影响是一致的,主次顺序依次是混凝剂种类→投加量→反应时间→助凝剂。
Fenton试剂深度处理此造纸中段废水,当pH值调为3、投药量Fe~(2+)1mmol/L、H_2O_24mmol/L、混凝反应时间为40min、沉淀时间为30min时,为最优组合,去除效果最佳。COD_(cr)可降低到45mg/L,去除率可达到85%;色度可降到50倍,去除率可达到90%。正交实验所考虑Fe~(2+)的投加量、H_2O_2投加量、pH值、反应时间四个因素,由实验结果进行分析得出,对COD_(cr)和色度去除率的影响主次顺序不完全相同。对COD_(cr)的去除率影响由大到小依次为Fe~(2+)的投加量→H_2O_2投加量→pH值→反应时间。对色度的去除率影响由大到小依次是H_2O_2投加量→pH值→Fe~(2+)的投加量→反应时间。
Waste water pollution of paper-making industry has been the focus of attention in the field of prevention and treatment of waste-water discharge.Consumption Paper industry need consume a big amount of water,and meanwhile the number of sewage disposal is very large.Environmental pollution is quite serious.With the increase of environmental protection efforts and the shortage of water resources,sewage discharge standard will be more strict.The enterprises will be faced to an important subject that advanced treatment of the papermaking middle-stage wastewater and up to reused standard.The area of Shandong province is lack of water.The paper industry's environmental protection in Shandong Province,particularly the treatment of waste water,has been at the forefront of the industry.Government and corporate pay much attention to environmental pollution,and the facility is operating well.This title is set up by the Shandong Environmental Protection Agency in this context,which is a part of the subject of paper-making waste water treatment.This article studys advanced treatment of the papermaking middle-stage wastewater with coagulation technology and lay the foundation for wastewater reuse.
In this paper,chemical coagulation technology was used to treat papermaking middle-stage wastewater with different coagulant and studied the amount of reagent, pH,reaction time,the precipitation time on the degradation effect,It made a comparative study on wastewater's chemical oxygen demand CODcr and the color removal before and after coagulation and summed up the best process conditions.
This paper was focused on advanced treatment of the papermaking middle-stage wastewater with coagulation PAC,PFS,as well as Fenton reagents,analysing effect factor containing coagulation dosage,pH,reaction time,deposition time and the removing rates of COD_(cr) and colour after coagulation,summed up the best conditions. Experimental results showed that under the conditions of value of pH 7.0～8.0, PAC/PFS ratio 2,coagulation dosage 400 mg/L,PAM addition of 1mg/L,mixing speed 70n/min,stirring time 10 mins,deposition time 30 mins,for the best conditions,and COD_(cr) down to 90mg/L below,the removal efficiencies of COD_(cr) were more than 70%, and the color down to 90 times,the color removal rate above 82%.The result was most efective.The four factors of CODcr and color removal in orthogonal is the same of the impact of the order of priorities,and followed by descending coagulant type→dosage→reaction time→the flocculant.
For Fenton reagents,when pH adjusted to 3,Fe~(2+)dosage 1 mmol/L and H_2O_2 4mmol/L,the reaction time 40min,deposition time 30min,was the optimal level for the portfolio and has the best removal efficiency.The COD_(cr) reduced to 45mg/L and the removal rate was 85%,the color down to 50 times and the removal rate was 90%. The four factors of CODcr and color removal in orthogonal is not the same of the impact of the order of priorities,The results orthogonal analysis affected COD_(cr) of primary and secondary followed by descending order of Fe~(2+)dosage→H_2O_2 dosage→pH→reaction time,but for color removal is H_2O_2 dosage→pH→Fe~(2+) dosage→reaction time.
引文
[1]鞠琰,陈嘉川,薛嵘,杨桂花.麦革浆造纸中段废水的絮凝深度处理研究[J].湖北造纸,2007(2),17-20.
[2]刘汝鹏,曲莹,于水利.草制浆造纸中段废水处理及回用技术分析研究[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2006,7(2),105-107.
[3]王娟,范迪.造纸废水中段废水预处理工艺研究[J].工业水处理,2007,27(7),27-30.
[4]国家环境保护总局科技标准司编著.草浆造纸工业废水污染防治技术指南,2001.
[5]王涛,等.草浆造纸中段废水治理与污泥资源化技术[J].中国给水排水,2004,20(2):34-36.
[6]贾卫华.水解酸化—序批间歇式活性污泥法处理碱性造纸中段废水的研究[D].西安:陕西科技大学,2004.
[7]余淦申,傅德龙,陈旭良.造纸废水再生利用探讨[J].浙江造纸,2006(4):32-34.
[8]张瑞霞,陈夫山,胡惠仁,刘廷志.国内外制浆造纸废水处理研究进展以及制浆造纸工业节水技术[J].上海造纸,2007,38(3):56-63.
[9]Lorenz,W.T.,The Chemical Used To Make It Better[J].Water Engineering & Management,1995,142(1).
[10]李秋梅,武道吉,孙梅.造纸中段废水深度处理方法探析[J].纸和造纸.2007,26:62-65.
[11]张安龙,王森.造纸废水回用研究.纸和造纸[J].2005,9(5):52-54.
[12]凌克碇,等.造纸中段废水深度处理试验总结[J].浙江建筑,2003年增刊:73-74.
[13]易封萍.臭氧—混凝法处理造纸废水[J].工业水处理,2001,21(1):34-35.
[14]幸福堂,等.絮凝—催化氧化法处理造纸中段废水[J].工业安全与环保,2005,31(8):15-17.
[15]任拥政,等.铁炭微电解对造纸黑液的脱色处理[J].水处理技术,2006,32(4):68-70.
[16]肖仙英,陈中豪,陈元彩.造纸工业漂白E段废水脱色处理[J].纸和造纸,2004(5):64-66.
[17]刘汝鹏,于水利.Fe-H2O2深度处理造纸中段废水的研究[J].中国给水排水,2006,22(11):73-76.
[18]周丹,呼世斌,张涛.Fenton-混凝法处理造纸废水的试验研究[J].环境科学与技术,2004, 27(增刊):7-8.
[19]王亮,等。含油废水的超临界水氧化反应机理及动力学特性[J].西安交通大学学报,2006,40(1):115-119.
[20]朱亦仁,等.TiO2光催化氧化法处理草浆纸厂废水的研究[J].安全与环境学报,2005,5(1):20-22.
[21]万金泉,马邑文.造纸工业环境工程导论.中国轻工业出版社,2005。
[22]张克峰,等.膜化学技术在造纸废水深度处理中的应用研究[J].环境工程,2004,22(4):10-12.
[23]李颖,等.生物曝气滤池法深度处理碱法草浆中段废水的研究[J].上海造纸,2006,37(2):54-57。
[24]吴玉辉,等.生态处理稻草制浆造纸废水[J].纸和造纸,2003(2):57-59.
[25]Alfred Helble,Wolfgang Schlayer,Pierre Andre Liechd.et al.Advanced effluent treatment in the pulp and paper industry with a combined process of Ozona ion and fixed bed biofilm reactors.Water Science and Technology,1999,40:343-350.
[26]洪卫,等.造纸中段废水深度处理的研究[J].中国造纸,2006,25(2):65-66.
[27]姚来银.气浮-生物接触氧化法深度处理再生纸生产废水.环境工程[J],2003,21(3):19-20.
[28]李凤亭,赵艳,张善发。混凝剂与絮凝剂.化学工业出版社,2005.
[29]傅平青,林剑,万鹰昕等.混凝法处理造纸废水的实验研究.地质地球化学[J],2003,31(1):87-91.
[30]Paillard,H,et al.Iron and manganese removal with ozonation in presence of humic substances.Ozone Sci &Engng,1989,(11):93-99.
[31]He Zhen,Hynninen Pertti.The colloidal properties of the system of the lignin removal process[J].European Water Pollution Control,1995,5(3):1-6.
[32]杨玉琦,王铮.我国混凝剂与絮凝剂的研究及应用进展.水处理信息导报,2004(3):5-7.
[33]徐晓军,等.化学絮凝剂剂作用机理.科学出版社,2006.
[34]Gil Grozes etal.Enhanee Coagulation:Its Effeet on NOM Removal and Chimiseall Costs.JAWWA,1995,87(1):78-89.
[35 Chen R.Pignatello J J.Role of quinine intermediates as electron shuttle in Fenton and Photoassisted Fenton oxidations of aromatic compounds[J].Environ Sci Technol,1997,31(8):2399-2406.
[36]German H Rossetti,Endque D Albizzati,Orlando M Alfano.Decomposition of Formic Acid in a Water Solution Employing the Photo-Fenton Reaction[J].Ind Eng Chem Res,2002,(41):1436- 1444.
[37]陈华军,尹国杰.Fenton及类Fenton试剂的研究进展[J].洛阳工业高等专科学校学报,2007,17(3):1-4。
[38]Sanz J,Lombrana J I,De luis A M,et al.Microwave and Fenton's reagent oxidation of wastewater[J].Environ Chem Lett,2003,(1 ):45-50.
[39]Gregor J E,Nokes C J,Fenton E.Optimising natural organic matter removal from low turbidity waters by controlled pH adjustment of aluminum coagulation[J].Water Research,1997,31(12):2949-2958.
[40]韩耀霞.助凝剂与混凝剂联合投加处理微污染源水的实验研究[D].长安大学硕士论文,2006.
[41]常青.水处理絮凝学.化学工业出版社,2003.
[42]王娟,范迪.造纸中段废水与生活污水合并深度处理工艺[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2006,7(6):117-121.
[43]王涛,仲伟刚,王允洪.草浆造纸中段废水治理与污泥资源化技术[J].中国给水排水,2004,2:34-36.
[44]王森,张安龙.造纸废水回用的研究[J].西南造纸,2005,34(4):24-25.
[45]刘士锐,任南琪,朴庸健,等.正交法混凝试验对造纸废水处理的研究[J].哈尔滨建筑大学学报,2001,34(3):52-55
[46]Diamadopoubs E,Vlachos C.Coagulation-filtration of secondary effluent by means of prehydrolyzed coagulants[J].Water Sci.ans Tech.,1996,33(10 / 11):193-201.
[47]李日强,辛小云,蒙云亚.再生纸浆造纸废水的混凝处理[J]。水处理技术,2007,33(5):52-54.
[48]刘斌,张梅,朱昌煜等。造纸废水混凝处理研究[J].内蒙古石油化工,2005,6:1-3.
[49]Nagata Y,Nakagawa M,Okuno H,etal.Sonochemical Degradation of Chlorophenols in Water[J].Uitrason Sonochem,2000,(7):115-120.
[50]范谨初.混凝技术,中国环境科学出版社,1992.
[51]张中杰.混凝-Fenton试剂法处理油田采油废水技术研究[D].长安大学硕士论文,2005。
[52]Raquel F,Pulo,N.Guimaraes J R.Photo degradation dichloroacetic acid and 2,4-dichchrophenol by ferrioxalate/H2O2 system[J].Water Res,2000,34(31):859-901.
[53]徐美娟,王启山.Fenton试剂-用于制浆造纸工业废水处理的高级氧化剂[J].国际造纸, 2005,24(1).
[54]刘晓静,文一波.Fenton试剂法深度处理造纸废水的实验研究[J].中国资源综合利用,2007,25(4):11-13.
[55]李德,谢其标,等.Fenton试剂法处理造纸废水的应用研究[J].阜阳师范学院学报(自然科学版),2005,22(3).
[56]Rudolph A,Abrarnovith,Huang Bang Zhou.Decomposition of PCB and other polychlorinaled aromatics in soil using microwave enery[J].Chemosphere,1998,37(8):1427-1436.
[2]刘汝鹏,曲莹,于水利.草制浆造纸中段废水处理及回用技术分析研究[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2006,7(2),105-107.
[3]王娟,范迪.造纸废水中段废水预处理工艺研究[J].工业水处理,2007,27(7),27-30.
[4]国家环境保护总局科技标准司编著.草浆造纸工业废水污染防治技术指南,2001.
[5]王涛,等.草浆造纸中段废水治理与污泥资源化技术[J].中国给水排水,2004,20(2):34-36.
[6]贾卫华.水解酸化—序批间歇式活性污泥法处理碱性造纸中段废水的研究[D].西安:陕西科技大学,2004.
[7]余淦申,傅德龙,陈旭良.造纸废水再生利用探讨[J].浙江造纸,2006(4):32-34.
[8]张瑞霞,陈夫山,胡惠仁,刘廷志.国内外制浆造纸废水处理研究进展以及制浆造纸工业节水技术[J].上海造纸,2007,38(3):56-63.
[9]Lorenz,W.T.,The Chemical Used To Make It Better[J].Water Engineering & Management,1995,142(1).
[10]李秋梅,武道吉,孙梅.造纸中段废水深度处理方法探析[J].纸和造纸.2007,26:62-65.
[11]张安龙,王森.造纸废水回用研究.纸和造纸[J].2005,9(5):52-54.
[12]凌克碇,等.造纸中段废水深度处理试验总结[J].浙江建筑,2003年增刊:73-74.
[13]易封萍.臭氧—混凝法处理造纸废水[J].工业水处理,2001,21(1):34-35.
[14]幸福堂,等.絮凝—催化氧化法处理造纸中段废水[J].工业安全与环保,2005,31(8):15-17.
[15]任拥政,等.铁炭微电解对造纸黑液的脱色处理[J].水处理技术,2006,32(4):68-70.
[16]肖仙英,陈中豪,陈元彩.造纸工业漂白E段废水脱色处理[J].纸和造纸,2004(5):64-66.
[17]刘汝鹏,于水利.Fe-H2O2深度处理造纸中段废水的研究[J].中国给水排水,2006,22(11):73-76.
[18]周丹,呼世斌,张涛.Fenton-混凝法处理造纸废水的试验研究[J].环境科学与技术,2004, 27(增刊):7-8.
[19]王亮,等。含油废水的超临界水氧化反应机理及动力学特性[J].西安交通大学学报,2006,40(1):115-119.
[20]朱亦仁,等.TiO2光催化氧化法处理草浆纸厂废水的研究[J].安全与环境学报,2005,5(1):20-22.
[21]万金泉,马邑文.造纸工业环境工程导论.中国轻工业出版社,2005。
[22]张克峰,等.膜化学技术在造纸废水深度处理中的应用研究[J].环境工程,2004,22(4):10-12.
[23]李颖,等.生物曝气滤池法深度处理碱法草浆中段废水的研究[J].上海造纸,2006,37(2):54-57。
[24]吴玉辉,等.生态处理稻草制浆造纸废水[J].纸和造纸,2003(2):57-59.
[25]Alfred Helble,Wolfgang Schlayer,Pierre Andre Liechd.et al.Advanced effluent treatment in the pulp and paper industry with a combined process of Ozona ion and fixed bed biofilm reactors.Water Science and Technology,1999,40:343-350.
[26]洪卫,等.造纸中段废水深度处理的研究[J].中国造纸,2006,25(2):65-66.
[27]姚来银.气浮-生物接触氧化法深度处理再生纸生产废水.环境工程[J],2003,21(3):19-20.
[28]李凤亭,赵艳,张善发。混凝剂与絮凝剂.化学工业出版社,2005.
[29]傅平青,林剑,万鹰昕等.混凝法处理造纸废水的实验研究.地质地球化学[J],2003,31(1):87-91.
[30]Paillard,H,et al.Iron and manganese removal with ozonation in presence of humic substances.Ozone Sci &Engng,1989,(11):93-99.
[31]He Zhen,Hynninen Pertti.The colloidal properties of the system of the lignin removal process[J].European Water Pollution Control,1995,5(3):1-6.
[32]杨玉琦,王铮.我国混凝剂与絮凝剂的研究及应用进展.水处理信息导报,2004(3):5-7.
[33]徐晓军,等.化学絮凝剂剂作用机理.科学出版社,2006.
[34]Gil Grozes etal.Enhanee Coagulation:Its Effeet on NOM Removal and Chimiseall Costs.JAWWA,1995,87(1):78-89.
[35 Chen R.Pignatello J J.Role of quinine intermediates as electron shuttle in Fenton and Photoassisted Fenton oxidations of aromatic compounds[J].Environ Sci Technol,1997,31(8):2399-2406.
[36]German H Rossetti,Endque D Albizzati,Orlando M Alfano.Decomposition of Formic Acid in a Water Solution Employing the Photo-Fenton Reaction[J].Ind Eng Chem Res,2002,(41):1436- 1444.
[37]陈华军,尹国杰.Fenton及类Fenton试剂的研究进展[J].洛阳工业高等专科学校学报,2007,17(3):1-4。
[38]Sanz J,Lombrana J I,De luis A M,et al.Microwave and Fenton's reagent oxidation of wastewater[J].Environ Chem Lett,2003,(1 ):45-50.
[39]Gregor J E,Nokes C J,Fenton E.Optimising natural organic matter removal from low turbidity waters by controlled pH adjustment of aluminum coagulation[J].Water Research,1997,31(12):2949-2958.
[40]韩耀霞.助凝剂与混凝剂联合投加处理微污染源水的实验研究[D].长安大学硕士论文,2006.
[41]常青.水处理絮凝学.化学工业出版社,2003.
[42]王娟,范迪.造纸中段废水与生活污水合并深度处理工艺[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2006,7(6):117-121.
[43]王涛,仲伟刚,王允洪.草浆造纸中段废水治理与污泥资源化技术[J].中国给水排水,2004,2:34-36.
[44]王森,张安龙.造纸废水回用的研究[J].西南造纸,2005,34(4):24-25.
[45]刘士锐,任南琪,朴庸健,等.正交法混凝试验对造纸废水处理的研究[J].哈尔滨建筑大学学报,2001,34(3):52-55
[46]Diamadopoubs E,Vlachos C.Coagulation-filtration of secondary effluent by means of prehydrolyzed coagulants[J].Water Sci.ans Tech.,1996,33(10 / 11):193-201.
[47]李日强,辛小云,蒙云亚.再生纸浆造纸废水的混凝处理[J]。水处理技术,2007,33(5):52-54.
[48]刘斌,张梅,朱昌煜等。造纸废水混凝处理研究[J].内蒙古石油化工,2005,6:1-3.
[49]Nagata Y,Nakagawa M,Okuno H,etal.Sonochemical Degradation of Chlorophenols in Water[J].Uitrason Sonochem,2000,(7):115-120.
[50]范谨初.混凝技术,中国环境科学出版社,1992.
[51]张中杰.混凝-Fenton试剂法处理油田采油废水技术研究[D].长安大学硕士论文,2005。
[52]Raquel F,Pulo,N.Guimaraes J R.Photo degradation dichloroacetic acid and 2,4-dichchrophenol by ferrioxalate/H2O2 system[J].Water Res,2000,34(31):859-901.
[53]徐美娟,王启山.Fenton试剂-用于制浆造纸工业废水处理的高级氧化剂[J].国际造纸, 2005,24(1).
[54]刘晓静,文一波.Fenton试剂法深度处理造纸废水的实验研究[J].中国资源综合利用,2007,25(4):11-13.
[55]李德,谢其标,等.Fenton试剂法处理造纸废水的应用研究[J].阜阳师范学院学报(自然科学版),2005,22(3).
[56]Rudolph A,Abrarnovith,Huang Bang Zhou.Decomposition of PCB and other polychlorinaled aromatics in soil using microwave enery[J].Chemosphere,1998,37(8):1427-1436.