基于HLA的变电站培训仿真系统的开发研究
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摘要
随着计算机和仿真技术的不断发展,变电站培训仿真系统已经在电力系统中得到广泛运用,并成为我国电力部门提高安全经济运行水平的重要手段。随着电网结构的复杂化,规模的扩大化,电力系统的市场化演进,以及新技术的应用,使工作人员所遇到问题的范围更广,难度更大。因此,对于变电站培训仿真系统的需求正日益突显。
论文正是基于以上电力部门的实际需求和变电站培训仿真系统的发展状况,在前人的基础上,结合高层体系结构(High Level Architecture, HLA),提出了一种构建变电站培训仿真系统的新方法。该方法解决了培训系统在设计开发中不同模块间的重用性、开放性、互操作性等难题,增加了系统的可靠性。
首先,本文介绍了变电站培训仿真系统的产生背景和发展状况,以及当前面临的问题,并提出了采用HLA的解决方案。详细叙述了HLA模型体系结构,包括HLA规则、管理服务、运行支撑环境RTI,并且对于系统的硬件结构、软件结构、仿真范围和具有的功能做了详细的阐述。
其次,根据变电站的设备组成和特点,论文着重论述了基于HLA的变电站培训仿真系统的联邦成员的划分及其功能,对于组成FOM和SOM的对象类、交互类和公布/订购关系做了详细的设计和说明,并且具体阐述了在培训过程中联邦成员的同步,联邦执行的创建、存在和撤销,以及在操作时所产生的正常事件和故障事件的处理过程,对设备三维模型和VRP场景的构建作了简单的描述。
最后,为保证培训中所产生的事件按正常次序发生,本论文深入探讨了时间管理服务在仿真系统中的应用,阐述了时间管理的原理,设置了每一个联邦成员的时间管理策略和Lookahead值,提出了系统正常状态采用TAR,故障状态转换为NER的时间推进方式的方案,并以具体的例子详细分析了在正常状态和故障状态时联邦成员的时间推进流程。数字化变电站是未来发展的趋势,因此提出了未来对数字化变电站仿真的概念以及应该注意的问题。
With the rapid development of computer science and simulation technology, substation training simulation system which raises economic and safety level of the power department's operation are applied widely in power system. Additionally, considering the complex structure and expanding scale of power net, power market's evolution and the use of new technology, substation watchers need a new simulation platform which supports more features of power network to train and study.
Referring to the factual requirement of power department, development of substation training simulation system and the High Level Architecture (HLA), a new method is given to build substation training simulation system. Using HLA, problems of the software reusability, openness and interoperability have been solved and the simulation system is enhanced.
First, this paper introduces the background, development and current problems of substation training simulation system, and HLA solution is put forward. HLA is described in detail, including rules, management services and RTI. The system's hardware structure, software structure, simulation range and the function are also described in detail.
Second, according to the composition and characteristics of substation equipment, the paper focuses on federate division and its function. Designing object class, interaction class and publish/subscribe relations of FOM and SOM, elaborating on the federate synchronization, the creation, existence and destruction of federation execution, handling process of normal and fault events, structure of3d model of equipment and VRP scene.
Finally, in order to ensure normal sequence of events in training, this paper deeply discusses the application of time management in simulation system, expounds the principles of time management, sets up the time management strategy and Lookahead of each federate, puts forward the method that system uses TAR in normal status and NER in fault status, and analyzes time advance process of each federate in normal status and fault status. Digital substation is the development trend in future, thus this paper puts forward the concept of digital substation simulation and the problems when simulated.
论文正是基于以上电力部门的实际需求和变电站培训仿真系统的发展状况,在前人的基础上,结合高层体系结构(High Level Architecture, HLA),提出了一种构建变电站培训仿真系统的新方法。该方法解决了培训系统在设计开发中不同模块间的重用性、开放性、互操作性等难题,增加了系统的可靠性。
首先,本文介绍了变电站培训仿真系统的产生背景和发展状况,以及当前面临的问题,并提出了采用HLA的解决方案。详细叙述了HLA模型体系结构,包括HLA规则、管理服务、运行支撑环境RTI,并且对于系统的硬件结构、软件结构、仿真范围和具有的功能做了详细的阐述。
其次,根据变电站的设备组成和特点,论文着重论述了基于HLA的变电站培训仿真系统的联邦成员的划分及其功能,对于组成FOM和SOM的对象类、交互类和公布/订购关系做了详细的设计和说明,并且具体阐述了在培训过程中联邦成员的同步,联邦执行的创建、存在和撤销,以及在操作时所产生的正常事件和故障事件的处理过程,对设备三维模型和VRP场景的构建作了简单的描述。
最后,为保证培训中所产生的事件按正常次序发生,本论文深入探讨了时间管理服务在仿真系统中的应用,阐述了时间管理的原理,设置了每一个联邦成员的时间管理策略和Lookahead值,提出了系统正常状态采用TAR,故障状态转换为NER的时间推进方式的方案,并以具体的例子详细分析了在正常状态和故障状态时联邦成员的时间推进流程。数字化变电站是未来发展的趋势,因此提出了未来对数字化变电站仿真的概念以及应该注意的问题。
With the rapid development of computer science and simulation technology, substation training simulation system which raises economic and safety level of the power department's operation are applied widely in power system. Additionally, considering the complex structure and expanding scale of power net, power market's evolution and the use of new technology, substation watchers need a new simulation platform which supports more features of power network to train and study.
Referring to the factual requirement of power department, development of substation training simulation system and the High Level Architecture (HLA), a new method is given to build substation training simulation system. Using HLA, problems of the software reusability, openness and interoperability have been solved and the simulation system is enhanced.
First, this paper introduces the background, development and current problems of substation training simulation system, and HLA solution is put forward. HLA is described in detail, including rules, management services and RTI. The system's hardware structure, software structure, simulation range and the function are also described in detail.
Second, according to the composition and characteristics of substation equipment, the paper focuses on federate division and its function. Designing object class, interaction class and publish/subscribe relations of FOM and SOM, elaborating on the federate synchronization, the creation, existence and destruction of federation execution, handling process of normal and fault events, structure of3d model of equipment and VRP scene.
Finally, in order to ensure normal sequence of events in training, this paper deeply discusses the application of time management in simulation system, expounds the principles of time management, sets up the time management strategy and Lookahead of each federate, puts forward the method that system uses TAR in normal status and NER in fault status, and analyzes time advance process of each federate in normal status and fault status. Digital substation is the development trend in future, thus this paper puts forward the concept of digital substation simulation and the problems when simulated.
引文
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[4]冯岱鹏,胡炎,邰能灵等.地下变电站虚拟现实仿真系统的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(11)：90-93.
[5]S.K.Salman, Aklil. Development of a Simulator Suitable for the Application of Substation Control Systems Transmission and Distribution [C].Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference,2002,Volume:3, Pages:6-10.
[6]Fang Meng,Tao Jiang.Components-Based VRS-Engine for Substation Simulation [C].ICICTA'09,Second International Conference,Volume:3,2009,Pages:529-532.
[7]Qu, Zhao-Yang; Wang, Yanguang.The Design of the Substation Simulation Model of Distributed Virtual Environment[C]. ISCID'09. Second International Symposium.Volume:1,2009, Pages:249-252.
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[9]时斌,韩江虹,万秋兰.多电压等级变电站混合培训仿真系统的实现[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2004(04)：76-80.
[10]谢成.基于虚拟实境技术的变电站三维培训仿真平台的研制[D].上海交通学,2009.
[11]张瀑.虚拟现实变电站培训仿真系统[D].天津大学,2007.
[12]黄志兴.三维交互式变电站仿真系统设计[D].华中科技大学,2007.
[13]高则娥,由昭今.大港油田变电站培训仿真系统[J].油气田地面工程,1999,18(1)：75-76.
[14]张慎明,姚建国.调度员培训仿真系统(DTS)的现状和发展趋势[J].电网技术,2002,26(7)：60-66.
[15]张雨飞,王明春.变电站培训仿真系统[J].电力自动化设备,2001,12(21)：23-25.
[16]徐涛,宋人杰,江丽影.结合ActiveX设计变电站计算机多媒体培训仿真系统[J].继电器,2003,31(7)：64-66.
[17]王勇,杨宛辉,谢琦,许眠.通用变电站事故培训仿真事故编辑系统的研究[J].继电器,2000,28(9)：31-34.
[18]王邦志,林昌年,蒲大骄等.变电站集中监控培训仿真系统的设计与实现[J].电网技术,2004,8(15)：21-24.
[19]冯正伟,毕天姝,徐贵光.变电站运行仿真分析系统[J].电力自动化设备,2009,29(11)：105-108.
[20]张雨飞,王明春.变电站培训仿真系统[J].电力自动化设备,2001,21(12)：23-25.
[21]阳晟,邰能灵,袁成,崔鹏程.500 kV地下变电站培训仿真系统架构设计[J].电力科学与技术学报,2010,25(2)：14-19.
[22]谢成,邰能灵,袁成等.变电站分布式仿真虚拟培训系统的研制[J],水电能源科学,2008,26(6)：175-178.
[23]盛兆俊,刘观起,张萍等.基于远程技术的变电站培训仿真系统[J].浙江电力,2003(5)：26-28.
[24]尚瑨,胡炎,邰能灵,袁成,崔鹏程.地下变电站辅机DTS系统设计探讨[J].电力系统保护与控制,2012,40(4)：149-155.
[25]芳舒燕.变电站培训仿真系统的应用与发展[J].高电压技术,2005,31(4)：79-81.
[26]丁长文.基于HLA架构的变电站三维仿真培训系统的研究与开发[D].江苏大学,2011.
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