基于网络环境的考试系统的研究与实现
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摘要
随着由通信和计算机相结合而诞生的计算机网络的广泛应用,现代教学中很多学科已经逐步开始采用计算机作为工具进行考试。基于网络环境的考试系统既能较客观、公正地反映学生的真实水平,又能节约人力物力提高考试效率。
本文主要研究了基于网络环境的考试系统的系统开发理论与实践。使用C/S结构,将C#作为基于网络环境的考试系统的开发工具。自动组卷的效率和质量完全取决于试题库设计以及抽题组卷算法的设计。题库建设为教学质量的客观评价提供了十分有效的手段,在题库的设计方面,严格按照经典测量理论开发了题库管理系统。自动组卷问题的实质是在一定约束条件下的多目标参数优化问题,在组卷的设计方面,以试题类型、试题数量、知识点、难度系数、曝光度等约束条件组出理想的试卷。在考试数据的统计分析方面,以图形化的方式,表示各种分析结果,对教学效果、组卷质量进行有效的评估,同时为调节考试系统题库中的试题难度系数和知识点分布提供了科学依据。利用“宏”和VBA实现自动阅卷。
论文首先分析基于网络环境考试系统的研究现状、技术背景、特点及应用。以大学计算机文化基础考试为背景,分析并设计系统的主要模型,系统结构和系统功能。其次,阐述系统的开发及实现过程。最后,对本考试系统的实现过程进行了总结,并对建立更加有效的数据分析模型方面进行了展望。
本系统具有交互界面友好,操作简单,通用性强等特点。通过功能测试,本系统已成功应用于东北师范大学计算机共同课考试中,运行至今系统稳定,成绩真实可靠,节约教学成本,有一定的使用价值和推广意义。
With the wide application of Internet, computers are gradually applied in the field of examination system along with the combination of communication technology and computer technology. The examination system based on LAN not only check the level of our learner fairly, but also save manpower, material resources and improve examine efficiency.
The development theory and practice of the examination system based on LAN is proposed in this paper. C/S structure is supported and C# is used as the development tool of examination system based on LAN. The efficiency and the quality of automatic test paper generation are completely decided by the design of item bank and algorithm to extract examination question. A test item bank is an efficient means of objective evaluation on teaching. It develops subject-database management system according strictly to the mathematical model of classical measurement theory in the design of testing paper. The essence of automatic test paper generation is a multi-objective component optimization problem under certain restraint condition, the system can search for the best answer according to the restriction conditions, such as test questions types, examination questions scalar, knowledge points, difficulty degree, exposition, and so on. Many kinds of results are shown in this paper after analyzing the examine data at the aspect of statistical analysis. The scientific evidence is supplied to the adjustment of difficulty coefficient about test database and the architecture of knowledge points. Office macro and VBA are used as the tools of implying automatic marking.
This paper firstly analyzes the research status, technical background, characteristics and implementation of examination system based on LAN. Analysis and design of the key model, system structure and system function are given. Secondly, the development and implementation of the examination system is described. Lastly, on the base of summarize of this examination system, an expectation about establishing effective data analysis model is given in the last paper.
There are many advantages in this system, for example, friendly interface, simple operation, universal use, and so on. This examination system has already applied to the computer common course test of the northeast normal university after testing the function. The result shows that our system is reasonable, safe and reliable to run. In addition to it has high practical values and popularized value.
本文主要研究了基于网络环境的考试系统的系统开发理论与实践。使用C/S结构,将C#作为基于网络环境的考试系统的开发工具。自动组卷的效率和质量完全取决于试题库设计以及抽题组卷算法的设计。题库建设为教学质量的客观评价提供了十分有效的手段,在题库的设计方面,严格按照经典测量理论开发了题库管理系统。自动组卷问题的实质是在一定约束条件下的多目标参数优化问题,在组卷的设计方面,以试题类型、试题数量、知识点、难度系数、曝光度等约束条件组出理想的试卷。在考试数据的统计分析方面,以图形化的方式,表示各种分析结果,对教学效果、组卷质量进行有效的评估,同时为调节考试系统题库中的试题难度系数和知识点分布提供了科学依据。利用“宏”和VBA实现自动阅卷。
论文首先分析基于网络环境考试系统的研究现状、技术背景、特点及应用。以大学计算机文化基础考试为背景,分析并设计系统的主要模型,系统结构和系统功能。其次,阐述系统的开发及实现过程。最后,对本考试系统的实现过程进行了总结,并对建立更加有效的数据分析模型方面进行了展望。
本系统具有交互界面友好,操作简单,通用性强等特点。通过功能测试,本系统已成功应用于东北师范大学计算机共同课考试中,运行至今系统稳定,成绩真实可靠,节约教学成本,有一定的使用价值和推广意义。
With the wide application of Internet, computers are gradually applied in the field of examination system along with the combination of communication technology and computer technology. The examination system based on LAN not only check the level of our learner fairly, but also save manpower, material resources and improve examine efficiency.
The development theory and practice of the examination system based on LAN is proposed in this paper. C/S structure is supported and C# is used as the development tool of examination system based on LAN. The efficiency and the quality of automatic test paper generation are completely decided by the design of item bank and algorithm to extract examination question. A test item bank is an efficient means of objective evaluation on teaching. It develops subject-database management system according strictly to the mathematical model of classical measurement theory in the design of testing paper. The essence of automatic test paper generation is a multi-objective component optimization problem under certain restraint condition, the system can search for the best answer according to the restriction conditions, such as test questions types, examination questions scalar, knowledge points, difficulty degree, exposition, and so on. Many kinds of results are shown in this paper after analyzing the examine data at the aspect of statistical analysis. The scientific evidence is supplied to the adjustment of difficulty coefficient about test database and the architecture of knowledge points. Office macro and VBA are used as the tools of implying automatic marking.
This paper firstly analyzes the research status, technical background, characteristics and implementation of examination system based on LAN. Analysis and design of the key model, system structure and system function are given. Secondly, the development and implementation of the examination system is described. Lastly, on the base of summarize of this examination system, an expectation about establishing effective data analysis model is given in the last paper.
There are many advantages in this system, for example, friendly interface, simple operation, universal use, and so on. This examination system has already applied to the computer common course test of the northeast normal university after testing the function. The result shows that our system is reasonable, safe and reliable to run. In addition to it has high practical values and popularized value.
引文
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[40] 骆红波,李舟军,金炳尧,马永进.PowerPoint 文档对象分析与自动阅卷的实现[J].计算机与现代化,2006(2).
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[2] 李向科.基于 WEB 的中学英语在线考试系统的设计与实现[D]:[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中师范大学,2006.
[3] 韦群锋.校园网环境下的自适应考试系统的设计与实现[D]:[硕士学位论文].南京:东南大学,2006.
[4] De Jong K and Spears W.Using genetic algorithms to solve NP-complete problems[C].Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Genetic Algorithms, 1989.
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[6] Shi Zhong-zhi.Advanced artificial intelligence [M].Beijing: Science Press, 1998,6.
[7] Wim J.van der Linden & Bernard P. & Veldkam P.An integer programming approach to item bank design [J].Applied Psychological Measurement, June 2000, 24(2): 139 ~150.
[8] Nikolaev N I, Iba H, Slavov V.Inductive Genetic Programming with Immune Network Dynamics [M]. In Advances in Genetic Programming ,MIT Press, chapter 1999(15): 355-376.
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[10] 韩昆,杨小平.自动组卷系统抽题算法研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2004(28):212-213.
[11] 赵亮,冯博琴.组卷要求的可满足性检查[J].计算机工程与应用,2004(27):222-224.
[12] 曾一,冉忠,郭永林.试题库中自动组卷的算法及试卷测评策略[J].计算机工程与设计,2006,27(16):3024-3028.
[13] 朱守业.智能组卷中组卷目标的满足性检查与处理[J].微计算机信息,2007, 23(7-3):268-269.
[14] 陈海山,钱锋,田英,等.Josephus 问题的算法设计与应用研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2007,43(1):61-64.
[15] 郭敏华,兰雨晴,金茂忠.一种海量题库难度系数和区分度动态优化模型[J].计算机工程与应用,2007,43(21)246-248.
[16] 陈磊,姜薇.通用考试系统的设计与实现[J].计算机工程与设计,2007,28(17):4286-4288.
[17] 王友仁,施玉霞,等.题库系统智能成卷理论和组卷方法研究[J].电子科技大学学报,2006,35(3):363-367.
[18] 李美满,夏汉铸,易德成.基于 COM 技术的通用考试系统的设计与实现[J].计算机工程与应用,2007,43(1)245-248.
[19] 王孝玲.教育测量(修订版)[M].华东师范大学出版社,2004,7.
[20] 辛涛.新课程背景下的学业评价:测量理论的价值[J].北京师范大学学报(社会科学版),2006(1) .
[21] 周文举.基于遗传算法的自动组卷系统研究与实现[D].山东师范大学,2006,4.
[22] Hambleton, R. K. & Swaminathan, H. & Rogers.Item response theory: Principles and applications [M]. Boston,MA:Kluwer-Nijhoff. 1985.
[23] Hambleton, R. K. & Swaminathan, H. & Rogers, H. J.Fundamentals of item response theory [M]. Newbur-ry Park, CA: SAGE. 1991.
[24] 薛荣.经典测试理论到项目反应理论:谈语言测试的两种数学模型[J].外语研究,2007(4).
[25] 王慧.基于 Agent 的自适应网络考试系统及学生模型的研究[D].东北师范大学,2006.
[26] 陈乙雄,符云清,祝伟华.项目反应原理在远程教育中的应用研究[J].计算机科学,2005(4).
[27] 马江山,秦霞.两种测量理论(CTT 和 IRT)的分析与比较[J].上饶师范学院学报,2005(6) .
[28] 唐永红,龚安.运用 Winsock 控件实现 C/S 网络通信[J].计算机系统应用,2006(4).
[29] 陈爱明,董朝霞.用 Winsock 实现在线考试[J].计算机应用,2005(2).
[30] 王留洋.在 VB 中利用 Winsock 控件实现局域网通信[J].淮阴工学院学报,2005(2).
[31] 洛迈克斯著,VB 与 VBA 技术手册[M],中国电力出版社,2002,5.
[32] 刘文浩,房培玉.Office 宏在考试自动阅卷中的应用[J].烟台师范学院学报(自然科学版),2005(3).
[33] 齐治昌,谭庆平,宁洪.软件工程[M].高等教育出版社,2000,2.
[34] Simon Robinson,Christian Nagel,Jay Glynn,Morgan Skinner,Karli Watson,Bill Evjen.Professional C# Third Edition [M].Wiley Publishing, Inc,2004.
[35] Benny Johansen, Matthew Reynolds.Developing C# Windows Software [M].Wrox Press Ltd,2002.
[36] William Buchanan 著.PC 接口通信与 Windows 编程[M].精英科技译,北京:中国电力出版社,2001.
[37] 曾献辉,陈建新.一种基于多层 Winsock 模型的远程数据库访问技术研究[J].东华大学学报(自然科学版),2006,2.
[38] 王卫东.WinSock 控件在网络编程中的应用[J].商场现代化,2004,12.
[39] 张笑冬.基于.Net 平台的 Office 技能考试系统的设计和实现[D]:[硕士学位论文].天津:天津大学,2006.
[40] 骆红波,李舟军,金炳尧,马永进.PowerPoint 文档对象分析与自动阅卷的实现[J].计算机与现代化,2006(2).
[41] 汪彩梅,殷新春.FRONTPAGE 自动阅卷系统及实现[J].合肥学院学报(自然科学版),2007(2).
[42] 李桂英,叶惠文,柯铭健.《计算机文化基础》无纸化考试系统的设计与实现[J].现代计算机,2007(1).
[43] 闫薇,尹心平.VBA 技术在计算机基础考试系统设计中的应用[J].齐齐哈尔大学学报 2006(5).
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