二氧化碳在固态聚丙烯复合材料中的溶解扩散行为研究
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摘要
利用重量分析的方法测定了温度分别为343.15K、373.15K和393.15K、压力0-16MPa范围中二氧化碳(CO2)在固态聚丙烯(PP)、PP/滑石粉复合材料及PP/活性炭复合材料中的溶解度,考察、分析不同填料的加入及其与聚合物结合的界面特性对CO2在聚合物中溶解度和扩散系数的影响,同时计算了扣除晶区和填料质量后CO2在各材料中的溶解度和扩散系数。CO2在未经界面改性PP/滑石粉复合材料中的溶解度低压下大于而高压下小于其在纯PP中的溶解度,在经过界面改性的PP/滑石粉复合材料中的溶解度小于其在纯PP和未经界面改性复合材料中的溶解度。CO2在PP/滑石粉复合材料中的扩散系数小于其在纯PP中的扩散系数,填料含量越大扩散系数越小。CO2在未经界面改性PP/活性炭复合材料中溶解度大于其经界面改性复合材料中的溶解度,且均大于其在纯PP中的溶解度,填料含量越大溶解度越高。CO2在PP/活性炭复合材料中的扩散系数大于其在纯PP中的扩散系数,扩散系数随填料含量的增加而增大。通过S-L状态方程关联了CO2在纯PP和经过界面改性的PP复合材料非晶区中的溶解度,并预测了CO2对聚合物基体的溶胀情况,验证了填料对聚合物分子链运动的阻碍作用。
Gravimetric method has been adopted to measure solubility and diffusivity of CO2 in pure polypropylene (PP), PP/talcum (talc) composites and PP/active carbon (AC) composites at temperatures 343.15K,373.15K and 393.15K respectively and pressure range of 0-16MPa. The effect of different fillers and the interface between polymer and fillers have been investigated and analysised. Crystallinity of these materials dissolved by CO2 was calculated by DSC curves and solubility of CO2 in unit mass of amorphous region was deduced. Compared with the solubility of CO2 in pure PP, it is larger at lower pressure in PP/talc composites without interface modification but smaller at higher pressure. Solubility of CO2 in interface modified PP/talc composites is less than that in pure PP and PP/talc composites without interface modification. Diffusion coefficient of CO2 in PP/talc composites decreases as the talcum content increases. Solubility of CO2 in PP/AC composites increases as the active carbon content increases, and the solubility in PP/AC composites without interface modification is more than that in interface modified PP/AC composites. Diffusion coefficient of CO2 in PP/AC composites, which also increases with the increasing of active carbon content, is higher than that in pure PP. Solubility of CO2 in amorphous region of pure PP and interface modified PP composites were correlated with the Sanchez-Lacombe state equation in conjunction with the interaction parameters. The swelling degree of polymer matrix by CO2 was also predicted, which could prove the filler hinderance to the movement of polymer chains.
Gravimetric method has been adopted to measure solubility and diffusivity of CO2 in pure polypropylene (PP), PP/talcum (talc) composites and PP/active carbon (AC) composites at temperatures 343.15K,373.15K and 393.15K respectively and pressure range of 0-16MPa. The effect of different fillers and the interface between polymer and fillers have been investigated and analysised. Crystallinity of these materials dissolved by CO2 was calculated by DSC curves and solubility of CO2 in unit mass of amorphous region was deduced. Compared with the solubility of CO2 in pure PP, it is larger at lower pressure in PP/talc composites without interface modification but smaller at higher pressure. Solubility of CO2 in interface modified PP/talc composites is less than that in pure PP and PP/talc composites without interface modification. Diffusion coefficient of CO2 in PP/talc composites decreases as the talcum content increases. Solubility of CO2 in PP/AC composites increases as the active carbon content increases, and the solubility in PP/AC composites without interface modification is more than that in interface modified PP/AC composites. Diffusion coefficient of CO2 in PP/AC composites, which also increases with the increasing of active carbon content, is higher than that in pure PP. Solubility of CO2 in amorphous region of pure PP and interface modified PP composites were correlated with the Sanchez-Lacombe state equation in conjunction with the interaction parameters. The swelling degree of polymer matrix by CO2 was also predicted, which could prove the filler hinderance to the movement of polymer chains.
引文
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