基于液压驱动的数控插齿机主轴机械系统设计
摘要
课题来源于张家口煤矿机械有限公司,由于公司加工内齿圈用的插齿机精度下降,不能满足产品需要,考虑到产品对插齿机的要求,设计一台数控插齿机,相对于原来使用的插齿机,齿轮加工精度高,质量好,具有良好的经济效益。本文以数控插齿机为研究对象,制订了数控插齿机运动方案,设计了主轴机械系统并进行了仿真,具体研究内容有:
根据普通插齿机加工原理与切削运动,设计了数控插齿机运动方案,主要有主运动方案、主轴液压驱动方案、主轴让刀运动方案、展成运动方案和径向切入运动方案,绘制了数控插齿机运动方案图,确定了数控插齿机的运动动力参数,对数控插齿机主轴机械系统中的关键零件—主轴,分析了主轴的受力情况,进行了强度校核和刚度校核。对主轴机械系统进行了三维建模和运动仿真,包括主运动部件和让刀运动部件。首先用PRO/E软件建立主运动部件和让刀运动部件三维模型,进行虚拟装配、干涉校验、运动仿真后导入到ADAMS软件中,建立运动模型(施加运动副和载荷)进行运动仿真,输出插齿刀的速度、位移曲线,分析主运动和让刀运动的协调性,输出主轴受力,为主轴有限元提供条件。
对主轴机械系统中的关键零件—主轴进行有限元分析,首先在ANSYS Workbench12.0中添加主轴材料属性,然后在该软件中的DM(Geometry)中建立主轴模型,利用软件中的自动划分网格技术划分网格,并对主轴有限元模型施加载荷和约束,然后求解,根据需要输出主轴的正应力曲线、主轴总变形和主轴在X、Y和Z方向的变形,并用仿真结果对计算结果做了验证。
This problem comes from Zhangjiakou mining machinery Co,. Ltd. Numerical control gear slotting machine is designed since common gear slotting machine accuracy can not meet the needs of gear product. The designed numerical control gear slotting machine possesses characteristics of good gear cutting accuracy, better quality, and better economic benefits. In this paper, numerical control gear slotting machine is taken as object of study, the motion scheme and spindle mechanical system of numerical control gear slotting machine are designed, its concrete content is as the follows:
According to cutting principle and motion of common gear slotting machine, the motion scheme of numerical control slotting machine is designed. It consists of main motion scheme, spindle motion scheme on hydraulic drive, spindle cutter relieving motion scheme, spindle generating motion scheme, and spindle radial cutting motion scheme. The kinetic and dynamic parameters are determined. Spindle is the critical part in the system of numerical control slotting machine ,force problem of which is analysed, strength and rigidity of which is checked.
The spindle machine system, consist of main motion component, and spindle cutter relieving motion component, three dimensional model of which is designed, kinetic simulation of which is realized. First, three dimensional model of main motion component, and spindle cutter relieving motion component are created by Pro/Engineering5.0, and realize virtual assembly , interference validation, kinetic simulation. Second, three dimensional model is induced to ADAMS software, and motion model is created. The spindle forced curve as the condition of FEM analysis is obtained .
Spindle, which is the critical part in the spindle machine system, is analysed by FEM. First, new material property is added to ANSYS software. Second, spindle model is created, mesh are generated through using automatic mesh partition techniques of software on spindle. Loads and restraint forces are applied on the spindle FEM model. At last, the spindle total deformation curve, the spindle directional deformation curve, and the spindle normal stress curve are obtained. These simulation curves verify that the spindle calculation are correct.
根据普通插齿机加工原理与切削运动,设计了数控插齿机运动方案,主要有主运动方案、主轴液压驱动方案、主轴让刀运动方案、展成运动方案和径向切入运动方案,绘制了数控插齿机运动方案图,确定了数控插齿机的运动动力参数,对数控插齿机主轴机械系统中的关键零件—主轴,分析了主轴的受力情况,进行了强度校核和刚度校核。对主轴机械系统进行了三维建模和运动仿真,包括主运动部件和让刀运动部件。首先用PRO/E软件建立主运动部件和让刀运动部件三维模型,进行虚拟装配、干涉校验、运动仿真后导入到ADAMS软件中,建立运动模型(施加运动副和载荷)进行运动仿真,输出插齿刀的速度、位移曲线,分析主运动和让刀运动的协调性,输出主轴受力,为主轴有限元提供条件。
对主轴机械系统中的关键零件—主轴进行有限元分析,首先在ANSYS Workbench12.0中添加主轴材料属性,然后在该软件中的DM(Geometry)中建立主轴模型,利用软件中的自动划分网格技术划分网格,并对主轴有限元模型施加载荷和约束,然后求解,根据需要输出主轴的正应力曲线、主轴总变形和主轴在X、Y和Z方向的变形,并用仿真结果对计算结果做了验证。
This problem comes from Zhangjiakou mining machinery Co,. Ltd. Numerical control gear slotting machine is designed since common gear slotting machine accuracy can not meet the needs of gear product. The designed numerical control gear slotting machine possesses characteristics of good gear cutting accuracy, better quality, and better economic benefits. In this paper, numerical control gear slotting machine is taken as object of study, the motion scheme and spindle mechanical system of numerical control gear slotting machine are designed, its concrete content is as the follows:
According to cutting principle and motion of common gear slotting machine, the motion scheme of numerical control slotting machine is designed. It consists of main motion scheme, spindle motion scheme on hydraulic drive, spindle cutter relieving motion scheme, spindle generating motion scheme, and spindle radial cutting motion scheme. The kinetic and dynamic parameters are determined. Spindle is the critical part in the system of numerical control slotting machine ,force problem of which is analysed, strength and rigidity of which is checked.
The spindle machine system, consist of main motion component, and spindle cutter relieving motion component, three dimensional model of which is designed, kinetic simulation of which is realized. First, three dimensional model of main motion component, and spindle cutter relieving motion component are created by Pro/Engineering5.0, and realize virtual assembly , interference validation, kinetic simulation. Second, three dimensional model is induced to ADAMS software, and motion model is created. The spindle forced curve as the condition of FEM analysis is obtained .
Spindle, which is the critical part in the spindle machine system, is analysed by FEM. First, new material property is added to ANSYS software. Second, spindle model is created, mesh are generated through using automatic mesh partition techniques of software on spindle. Loads and restraint forces are applied on the spindle FEM model. At last, the spindle total deformation curve, the spindle directional deformation curve, and the spindle normal stress curve are obtained. These simulation curves verify that the spindle calculation are correct.
引文
[1]陈立德.机械设计基础.北京:高等教育出版社,2007
[2]刘闰年.重型齿轮制造技术的新发展.重型机械1995(5)
[3]王君明.一种基于PLC新型数控齿条插齿机.组合机床与自动化加工技术.2005(1):89~90
[4]王君明.HYK51850数控齿条插齿机硬件系统的研究.机械与电子.2006(9):21~23
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[8]湖北宜昌长江科技有限责任公司数控插齿机技术资料
[9]天津第一机床厂数控插齿机技术资料
[10]南京第二机床厂数控插齿机技术资料
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[12] http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/16909853.html
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[16]杨叔子.机械工艺师手册.北京:机械工业出版社,2001
[17]易传云等.具有急回特性的插齿主运动机构优化.中国机械工程,2008(5):1184~1185
[18]张忠林.Pro/engineer Wildfire5.0机械设计行业应用实践.北京:机械工业出版社,2010
[19]吴勤保.CAD/CAM应用软件—Pro/engineer实例教程.北京:清华大学出版社,2009
[20]吴永锦.机械制造技术.北京:清华大学出版社,北京交通大学出版社,2010
[21]郑建荣.ADAMS—虚拟样机技术入门与提高.北京:机械工业出版社,2001
[22]江帆,罗伟富,李海铭.Pro/Engineer综合应用实例分析.北京:清华大学出版社,2010
[23]李增刚.ADAMS入门详解与实例.北京:国防工业出版社,2006
[24]Σ-Ⅱ系列SGM□H/SGDH用户手册,www.kcity.com
[25]戴曙.金属切削机床设计.北京:机械工业出版社,1987
[26]刘鸿文.材料力学.北京:高等教育出版社,1987
[27]张洪信.有限元基础理论与ANSYS应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2007
[28]薛风先.ANSYS12.0机械与结构有限元分析从入门到精通.机械工业出版社,2010
[29] ANSYS Workbench12.1官方中文培训教程
[30]王娟等.发动机曲轴的有限元分析.中国科技论文在线.www.paper.edu.cn
[2]刘闰年.重型齿轮制造技术的新发展.重型机械1995(5)
[3]王君明.一种基于PLC新型数控齿条插齿机.组合机床与自动化加工技术.2005(1):89~90
[4]王君明.HYK51850数控齿条插齿机硬件系统的研究.机械与电子.2006(9):21~23
[5]李炽岚.斜齿轮全数字化插齿加工运动控制方法的研究.机械传动.2007(5):30~33
[6]柴宝莲.YK5120数控插齿机的设计与研究[D].天津:天津大学硕士学位论文,2004
[7]田启华.YKS5120B-3数控插齿机床身结构有限元分析.机械设计与研究.2010(3):53~55
[8]湖北宜昌长江科技有限责任公司数控插齿机技术资料
[9]天津第一机床厂数控插齿机技术资料
[10]南京第二机床厂数控插齿机技术资料
[11]http://baike.baidu.com/view/667031.htm
[12] http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/16909853.html
[13]安世亚太.ANSYS对航空工业解决方案. http://pera.e-works.net.cn/document/200810/article6747.htm
[14]杨世成.MQ6820插齿刀刃磨机床的设计.机床与液压,2010(4):38
[15]文怀兴,夏田.数控机床系统设计.北京:化学工业出版社,2005
[16]杨叔子.机械工艺师手册.北京:机械工业出版社,2001
[17]易传云等.具有急回特性的插齿主运动机构优化.中国机械工程,2008(5):1184~1185
[18]张忠林.Pro/engineer Wildfire5.0机械设计行业应用实践.北京:机械工业出版社,2010
[19]吴勤保.CAD/CAM应用软件—Pro/engineer实例教程.北京:清华大学出版社,2009
[20]吴永锦.机械制造技术.北京:清华大学出版社,北京交通大学出版社,2010
[21]郑建荣.ADAMS—虚拟样机技术入门与提高.北京:机械工业出版社,2001
[22]江帆,罗伟富,李海铭.Pro/Engineer综合应用实例分析.北京:清华大学出版社,2010
[23]李增刚.ADAMS入门详解与实例.北京:国防工业出版社,2006
[24]Σ-Ⅱ系列SGM□H/SGDH用户手册,www.kcity.com
[25]戴曙.金属切削机床设计.北京:机械工业出版社,1987
[26]刘鸿文.材料力学.北京:高等教育出版社,1987
[27]张洪信.有限元基础理论与ANSYS应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2007
[28]薛风先.ANSYS12.0机械与结构有限元分析从入门到精通.机械工业出版社,2010
[29] ANSYS Workbench12.1官方中文培训教程
[30]王娟等.发动机曲轴的有限元分析.中国科技论文在线.www.paper.edu.cn