稀土固态配合物的光声位相分析及新型光声池研究
摘要
光声光谱是在声电弱信号检测以及计算机科学发展的基础上，综合光、热、电、声等原理和技术的光谱分析新方法。光声光谱适用面广，可以检测气、液、固各种形态的样品，对于传统光谱难于处理的高反射、高散射、不透明的物质同样适用：光声光谱对样品前处理要求简单，可以实现原位无损分析；光声光谱可同时提供振幅和位相信号，研究光声位相可以获得样品光学性质、热学性质以及与无辐射弛豫过程相关的多方面信息。目前，光声位相的研究较之光声振幅相对滞后，理论和技术都还需继续深入和开拓发展。
光声光谱分析技术的特点在稀土固态配合物的研究中得到体现。稀土元素因其独特的光谱性质而在发光、通讯、催化等众多领域获得广泛应用，因此稀土固态配合物的研究具有重要意义。光声位相提供了配合物分子内部能量弛豫的相关信息，可借此研究配合物分子结构、能级分布、能级寿命、发光特性以及分子内能量传递模式等。
光声光谱技术的进步离不开核心部件光声池的发展。光声池研究成为光声光谱仪器发展的关键内容。光声光谱仪器发展包括两个重要方向，其一是新型光声池的开发，即开放型光声池的研究和应用；其二是光声光谱仪和其它分析仪器的结合联用，扩展光声光谱的应用范围，开辟新的研究领域。
本论文的内容主要包括三个方面：一是光声位相分析稀土固态配合物，包括对配体三重态能级寿命的研究，配体取代基位置对能级分布以及分子内能量传递模式影响的研究；二是压电光声池的研究，包括开放型光声池的开发，利用压电光声位相测定仪器贡献位相，进而分析样品热扩散率等工作；三是气体耦合光声池和傅里叶变换近红外光谱仪的联用，稀土配合物近红外光声光谱的分析，以及近红外光谱在溶液样品中的应用等。
论文共分七章，各章内容概括如下：
第一章：综述光声光谱理论、技术和应用的进展。阐述了建立在R-G理论
Photoacoustic (PA) analysis is a new non-invasive analytical method based on the development of weak acoustic-electricity signal detection technology and computer science. PA technique can be applied for the detection of gaseous, liquid or solid samples without complicated preparation which may change the original structure and composition of sample. It can also deal with those samples which are difficult to be detected by traditional analytical methods. Especially, both the amplitude and phase information can be offered by PA analysis. The investigation of PA phase has become an approach to acquire the information of thermal and optical characters.
Rare earth (RE) elements are widely applied in the fields of luminescence, communication and catalysis for that RE ions have the unique spectral properties. Since the PA phase can provide the information about the relaxation course and energy transfer, the PA method can be employed to study the molecular structure, the distribution of energy levels, the lifetime of energy levels, the luminescent properties and the intramolecular energy transfer models of RE complexes.
The development of the PA cell is very important in the progress of both PA technique and PA instruments. There are two directions should be concerned: the first is the study of the new style cell and the second is the combination between the PA detection with the other analytical techniques, which should expand the region of PA application.
Three directions are discussed in this dissertation. First part is the study of RE complexes by PA phase information, which includes the investigation about the lifetime of triplet state of ligand, the influence from the substituent to energy level and the model of the intramoleculer energy transfer. The second part is the study of
光声光谱分析技术的特点在稀土固态配合物的研究中得到体现。稀土元素因其独特的光谱性质而在发光、通讯、催化等众多领域获得广泛应用，因此稀土固态配合物的研究具有重要意义。光声位相提供了配合物分子内部能量弛豫的相关信息，可借此研究配合物分子结构、能级分布、能级寿命、发光特性以及分子内能量传递模式等。
光声光谱技术的进步离不开核心部件光声池的发展。光声池研究成为光声光谱仪器发展的关键内容。光声光谱仪器发展包括两个重要方向，其一是新型光声池的开发，即开放型光声池的研究和应用；其二是光声光谱仪和其它分析仪器的结合联用，扩展光声光谱的应用范围，开辟新的研究领域。
本论文的内容主要包括三个方面：一是光声位相分析稀土固态配合物，包括对配体三重态能级寿命的研究，配体取代基位置对能级分布以及分子内能量传递模式影响的研究；二是压电光声池的研究，包括开放型光声池的开发，利用压电光声位相测定仪器贡献位相，进而分析样品热扩散率等工作；三是气体耦合光声池和傅里叶变换近红外光谱仪的联用，稀土配合物近红外光声光谱的分析，以及近红外光谱在溶液样品中的应用等。
论文共分七章，各章内容概括如下：
第一章：综述光声光谱理论、技术和应用的进展。阐述了建立在R-G理论
Photoacoustic (PA) analysis is a new non-invasive analytical method based on the development of weak acoustic-electricity signal detection technology and computer science. PA technique can be applied for the detection of gaseous, liquid or solid samples without complicated preparation which may change the original structure and composition of sample. It can also deal with those samples which are difficult to be detected by traditional analytical methods. Especially, both the amplitude and phase information can be offered by PA analysis. The investigation of PA phase has become an approach to acquire the information of thermal and optical characters.
Rare earth (RE) elements are widely applied in the fields of luminescence, communication and catalysis for that RE ions have the unique spectral properties. Since the PA phase can provide the information about the relaxation course and energy transfer, the PA method can be employed to study the molecular structure, the distribution of energy levels, the lifetime of energy levels, the luminescent properties and the intramolecular energy transfer models of RE complexes.
The development of the PA cell is very important in the progress of both PA technique and PA instruments. There are two directions should be concerned: the first is the study of the new style cell and the second is the combination between the PA detection with the other analytical techniques, which should expand the region of PA application.
Three directions are discussed in this dissertation. First part is the study of RE complexes by PA phase information, which includes the investigation about the lifetime of triplet state of ligand, the influence from the substituent to energy level and the model of the intramoleculer energy transfer. The second part is the study of
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