武夷名丛离体培养及其内源激素变化分析
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
本研究以武夷名丛中的早生种金凤凰、中生种金锁匙以及晚生种肉桂的成年茎段为材料,对武夷名丛的离体培养进行了研究,建立了武夷名丛的无菌系,并对其无菌芽苗进行增殖、生根研究,比较3个品种间的差异,同时还探讨了提取测定茶叶内源激素的一些基本条件参数,并对外植体以及离体培养过程中的培养物进行内源激素的HPLC分析,最后对离体培养前后的材料进行RAPD分析检测其遗传变异性。主要研究结果如下:
     1、武夷名丛成年材料离体培养研究。试验比较了不同消毒方法、不同切割方式以及光照强度、不同的生长素种类、GA_3浓度、不同的激素水平以及盐和糖的浓度等因素对武夷名丛腋芽诱导的影响,此外,还比较了不同激素水平对增殖的影响以及不同盐浓度和生长素种类对生根的影响。结果表明:以取春季以及一芽二叶时期二叶位的茎段材料为接种外植体最为合适;用0.1%升汞消毒剂浸泡9-11min为最佳消毒方法,但应视不同品种以及老嫩度而定,将肉桂接种于MS+2.0 mg·L~(-1)BA+0.5 mg·L~(-1)IAA+0.5 mg·L~(-1) GA_3中适合其启动培养;用培养基1/2MS+1.0-1.5 mg·L~(-1)BA+0.2-0.8 mg·L~(-1)IAA+0.2 mg·L~(-1) GA_3继代培养武夷名丛可以达到一定的增殖效果,金凤凰在培养基中的适应能力比金锁匙和肉桂好;培养基1/4MS+4mg·L~(-1)NAA中含低矿质盐浓度和较高的生长素,有利于生根。本试验通过增殖培养,平均增殖系数为3,可以预计在这个培养体系情况下,一年内从一个腋芽可以增殖培养729个腋芽,这在茶叶生产中具有广阔的应用前景。
     2、武夷名丛茶树内源激素变化的HPLC研究。(1)茶叶内源激素的检测,结果表明:GA_3、IAA选择波长分别为207 nm和280 nm,ABA、ZT选择波长分别为280 nm和254nm;用于GA_3分析的流动相为甲醇-乙腈-KH_2PO_3缓冲液系统(15:15:70,v/v,pH 3.5);用于检测IAA和ABA的流动相为甲醇-乙腈-KH_2PO_3缓冲液系统(20:20:60,v/v,pH 3.5);用于检测Zeatin的流动相为甲醇-乙腈-磷酸缓冲液系统(15:15:70,v/v,pH 7.0);(2)武夷名丛茶树外植体与试管苗的内源激素的测定,结果表明:品种(系)间的内源激素含量及含量变化幅度差异可能与其遗传特性有关,GA_3是茶树生长发育不可缺少的内源激素之一;肉桂品种不同生长时期二叶位叶片以及同一生长时期不同部位的叶片含量,以二叶位的新梢生长旺盛,内源激素变化幅度比较大,春季是促进芽苗生长的最合适的季节。添加了外源激素BA、IAA、GA_3情况下茶叶芽苗增殖的效果比无添加任何激素的茶叶芽苗效果好,内源IAA和ZT的含量上升了,但是GA_3的含量反而逐渐下降,在整个离体培养过程中ABA的含量变化不大。
     3、武夷名丛试管苗遗传稳定性的RAPD检测。结果表明:肉桂品种离体培养前后存在变异,但变异率仅为4.13%,从生产角度考虑,在田间存在4.13%的变异植株并不影响茶叶产品的品质。因此离体培养材料选用茎切段分生组织比较合理。同时发现,组培苗的纯度更高,且外植体和试管苗的DNA浓度相当,含量稳定,也可作为方便取材,提取茶叶DNA的理想材料。
In this experiment the adult stem nodes were used as materials to carry out in vitro culture of Wuyimingcong cultivar group such as the early-sprouting line Jin Fenghuang, the middle-sprouting line Jin Suoshi and the late-sprouting cultivar Rou Gui. The aseptic lines were first established, and then the studies on the bud proliferation and rooting were conducted, and finally the difference among the three cultivars was compared. In the meanwhile, the basic condition parameters of extraction and determination on endogenous hormones in tea trees were investigated, and the changes of the endogenous hormones in both explants and in vitro materials were analysed by HPLC. Morover, the genetic stability of the materials of pre and post in vitro culture were performed by RAPD analysis. The main results were as follows:
     1. In vitro culture of adult stems of Wuyimingcong cultivar group. Experiment with different sterilization methods, as well as cutting mode and different light intensity, the different types of growth hormone, GA_3 concentration of the different hormone levels, as well as salt and sugar concentration on Wuyimingcong axillary buds were induced, and also compared the different hormone levels and the proliferation of different types of salt and and the impact on the root. The results showed that the most suitable explants were two-leaf-located stem materials in spring and one-bud-two-leaf period, the most appropriate disinfection method was using 0.1 % mercuric chloride disinfectant for 9~11 minutes which depended on different cultivars as well as their tender extent, and medium MS+2.0 mg·L~(-1)BA+0.5 mg·L~(-1)IAA+0.5 mg·L~(-1) GA_3 was suitable for initiation culture of variety Rou Gui, medium 1/2MS+1.0~1.5 mg·L~(-1)BA+0.2 ~ 0.8 mg·L~(-1)IAA+0.2 mg·L~(-1) GA_3 reached fair propagation effects on subculture of Wuyimingcong, and the ordinal adaptability to medium was Jin Fenghuang, Jin Suoshi and Rou Gui, medium 1/4 MS+4 mg·L~(-1) NAA containing lower minery and higher auxin concentrations was beneficial to rooting. The average propagation coefficient was 3.00 by propagation culture, and under this culture system it might be predicated that 729 axillary buds be regenerated and propagated from one bud within a whole year, which opened up broad prospect of applications to tea production.
     2. Changes of endogenous hormones in Wuyimingcong by HPLC.(1)On investigating the endogenous hormones in tea trees, the selected wavelength of GA_3 was 207 nm, and that of IAA, ABA and ZT was respectively 280 nm, 280 nm and 254 nm, the mobile phase for the analysis of GA_3 was methanol- acetonitrile-KH_2PO_3 buffer system (15:15:70, v/v, pH 3.5), the mobile phase for the analysis of both IAA and ABA was methanol-acetonitrile-KH_2PO_3 buffer system (20:20:60, v/v, pH 3.5) , the mobile phase for the analysis of zeatin methanol - acetonitrile -phosphate buffer (15:15:70, v/v, pH 7.0). (2) On investigating endogenous hormones in both explants and plantlets, the between-changers contents and content variation ranges might be relevant to genetic characters of the cultivars, and GA_3 was one of the indispensible endogenous hormones during the growth and development of tea trees. The two-leaf-located leaves in different growth phases, different leaf-located leaves in the same growth phases and two-leaf-located leaves grew vigorously, whose variation ranges of endogenous hormones were relevatively larger, moreover, spring was the suitable season for the growth of bud seedlings. The propagation effect of medium adding exogenous hormones BA, IAA and GA_3 was better than free hormones, and under that circumstances the content of IAA and ZT increased while the content of GA_3 declined gradually, where the content of ABA varied little.
     3. Genetic stability test on in vitro plantlets of Wuyimingcong by RAPD analysis. The main results showed that it varied between pre and post in vitro culture of Rou Gui by 4.13 %, From the production point of view, the existence of 4.13 percent in the fields of plant variation did not affect the quality of tea products, which was stable so that meristems were reasonably used for in vitro culture. On the other hand, the purity of in vitro plantlets was higher while the DNA concentrations of plantlets and explants were almost equivalent and of stable contents, both convenient for material access and DNA extraction.
引文
白望元.中国茶树品种志[M].上海科学技术出版社,2001,7
    
    陈春玲.龙眼体细胞胚胎发生机理的初步研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2001.
    
    陈德华,谢逸安.武夷名丛征集与整理情况初报[J].福建茶叶,1996,1:28-30
    
    陈亮,高其康.15个茶树品种遗传多样性的RAPD分析[J].茶叶科学,1998,18(1):21-27
    
    陈亮,高其康.茶树基因组DNA提纯与鉴定[J].茶叶科学,1997,17(2):177-181
    
    陈义挺,赖钟雄,蔡英卿,等.65份枇杷种质资源的RAPD分析[J].热带作物学报,2007,28, (1):65-71
    
    仓贯幸一.Effects of sampling time seeds, desiccation excised axes and Combination ofplant growth regu]ation On the tea embryonic [J].茶叶研究报告,1 992,76:1-8
    
    程柳,汤浩如.茶树组织培养及影响因素[J]].安徽农业科学,2007,35(7):1960-1963
    
    成浩,李素芳.茶树组织培养再生技术的研究[J].中国茶树,1996,28(3):28-30
    
    成浩,李素芳.茶树微繁殖技术的应用与研究中国茶叶[J].1996,18(2):29-31
    
    甘玲.梨离体保存材料遗产差异的分子检测[D].四川农业大学,2006
    
    高振宇,黄大年.影响籼稻愈伤组织形成和植株再生能力的因素[J].植物生理学通讯,1999,35(3):27-30
    
    郭玉琼,赖钟雄,詹梓金,等.茶树花药愈伤组织诱导及茶多酚含量测定[J].福建茶叶,2001,4:7-10
    
    郭玉琼,赖钟雄,郭志雄,等.茶树花药培养植株若干株系的RAPD分析[J].江西农业大学学报(自然科学版),2002,24(2)
    
    郭玉琼,赖钟雄,詹梓金,等.茶树生物技术研究进展[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2002,31(4):470-475
    
    郭延平,李嘉瑞.多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响[J].园艺学报,1994,21,(1):26-30
    
    黄亚辉.茶树茎尖组织培养研究初探[J].茶叶通讯,1 992,(2):18-20
    
    黄原.分子系统学的原理、方法及应用[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1998
    
    韩文炎,译.Horticultural Abstracts,2003,73(1),11-765
    
    湖南农学院主编.茶树育种学[M].中国农业出版社,1999,10
    
    季鹏章,朱兴正.茶树群体遗传的计算机模拟方法[J].云南农业科技,2001,(4):9-11
    
    李忠霆,周燮.植物激素及其免疫检测技术[M].南京:江苏科技出版社,1996
    
    李家华,周红杰,李明珠.不同激素配方对大叶种茶树新梢组织培养的效果[J].云南农业科技,2003,(3):27-28
    
    李家华,周红杰,李明珠.云南大叶种茶树新梢带腋芽茎段组织培养初探[J].茶业通报,2001,23(3):28
    
    刘德华,廖利民.茶树组织培养的研究-胚状体和胚性细胞团的形成及植株再生[J].湖南农学院学报,1989,15(3):33-38
    
    刘进摘译.育种学杂志[J].1986,36(1):31-38
    
    刘德华,廖利民.茶子下胚袖组织培养的研究[J].福建茶叶,1988,(2):13-15
    
    刘德华,廖利民.茶树叶片组织培养的初步研究[J].福建茶叶,1989,(2):13-16
    
    刘德华,周带娣,黎星辉,等.茶树不同组织体细胞胚不定芽分化的研究[J].作物学报,1999,25(3):291-295
    
    刘德华.茶树愈伤组织继代培养与体细胞胚发生[J].作物学报,1995,21(4):470-474
    
    刘德华,周带娣,肖文军.茶树茎段培养胚性状态的调控及其分化[J].湖南农业大学学报,2000,26(2):110-112
    
    刘德华,廖利民,周带娣.茶树组织培养的研究-腋芽微繁殖和叶微繁殖技术的研究[J].湖南农学院学报,1991(增刊):589-599
    
    林郑和,陈常颂,陈荣冰.我国39个茶树品种的RAPD与ISSR分析[J].分子植物育种学,2006,4(5):695-701
    
    莫典义,黄雁萍.茶树胚状体的诱导和植株的再生[J].中国茶叶,1982,(4):17
    
    欧阳汝欣,徐继忠,王同建,等.温度对果树芽休眠的影响研究进展[J].河北农业大学学报(增刊)2002,25:101-103
    
    潘瑞炽,董愚德.植物生理学(下册)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1995
    
    潘根生,沈生荣,吴伯千,等.茶树新梢生长过程内源激素水平的变化[J].茶叶科学,1997,(1):增刊86-91
    
    潘根生,沈生荣.茶树新梢内源玉米素的检测及分布[J].茶叶科学,1995,15(2):117-120
    
    潘根生,沈生荣,钱利生,等.茶树新梢生育的内源激素水平及其调控机理(第一报)[J].茶叶,2000,29(3):139-143
    
    潘根生,沈生荣,钱利生,等.茶树新梢生育的内源激素水平及其调控机理(第二报)[J].茶叶,2000,27(4):200-204
    
    潘根生,钱利生,吴伯千.茶树新梢生育的内源激素水平及其调控机理(第四报)-外源激素对茶树内源激素的影响及其与新梢生长的关系[J].茶叶,2001,27(2):25-29
    
    潘根生,钱利生.茶树内源激素的分离纯化与检测[J].中国茶叶加工,2006, (1):44-46
    
    启田忠博,酒井慎介.茶叶中赤霉酸的分析方法及其在一、二番茶期的变动[J].茶业研究报告,1985,61:1-6
    
     #12
    
    齐泳顺,张培玉,项殿芳,等.山楂种子休眠与萌发生理研究[J].河北农业技术师范学院学报,1997,11(1):1-4
    
    钱利生.茶树新梢内源激素的HPLC分折日变化[J].茶叶科学,1996,16(2):135-139
    
     #12
    
    上井芳宪.茶树叶片和茎切段培养与根的分化[J].茶叶,1983,2:15,51
    
    孙仲序,刘静,王玉军,等.山东茶树良种组织培养及繁殖能力的研究[J].茶叶科学,2000,20(2):129-132
    
    孙其富,梁月荣.RAPD分子标记及其在茶树遗传育种中的应用[J].福建茶叶,2002,(3):17-18
    
    孙仲序,刘静,王玉军,等.山东茶树良种组织培养及繁殖能力的研究[J].茶叶科学,2000,20(2):129-132
    
    史云峰,禹利君,刘德华,等.茶树内源激素研究进展[J].茶叶通讯,2001,2:7-10
    
    童茶英,刘青林.刺槐体细胞无性系变异的RAPD检测[J].分子植物育种,2006,4(2):251-254
    
    谭和平,余桂容,杜文平,等.不同茶树品种组培快繁技术研究[J].西南农业学报,2006,16(1):102-104
    
    土井芳宪.Varital eifference callus induction rate and root differention rate in antherl culturetea[J].茶叶研究报告,1983,57:13-17
    
    唐根源,吴红京.食用豆芽中激素物质的含量高效液相色谱法测定[J].色谱,1993,11(5):321-323
    
    唐玉林.烟草叶块分化根和芽过程中内源激素水平的变化[J].南京农业大学学报,1996,19(2):12-16
    
    唐云明.桑冬芽休眠解除中蛋白质和核酸的动态变化研究[J].西南农业大学学报,1997,19(1):75-77
    
    王文静,袁道强,高松洁.植物组织培养的应用现状[J].河南师范大学学报(自然科版),2000,28(3)
    
    王立.茶树未成热胚离体培养及植株的形成[J].中国茶叶,1988,(4):16-18
    
    王宏航,吴汉平,刘慧琴.苦丁茶组培快繁及移栽技术研究,中国茶叶,2006,(1)
    
    王玉书,杨素娟,成浩,等.茶树种质资源室内保存及其遗传稳定性的研究[J].中国茶叶,1996.18(6):2-4
    
    王玉书,杨素娟,成浩,等.茶树种质资源室内保存及其遗传稳定性的研究[J].中国茶叶,1996.(6):3-5
    
    吴姗,骆耀平.植物激素常用提取分离和鉴定方法及在茶树上的应用[J].福建茶叶,2000,2:5-8
    
    吴伯千.茶叶内源激素IAA和ABA提取方法研究[J].浙江农业大学学报,1992,18(s):95-98
    
    吴彩.茶树解除休眠前后体内激素等物质变化及锌的积极影响,作物学报,1993,19(2):179-183
    
    奚彪,刘祖生.外植体性质对茶腋芽组培快繁的影响[J].茶叶,1994,20(4):14-17
    
    谢从华,柳俊.植物细胞工程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2004
    
    肖关丽,畅清辉.植物组织培养过程中内源激素研究进展[J].云南农业大学学报,2001,16(2):136
    
    肖关丽,畅清辉.植物组织培养过程中内源激素研究进展[J].云南农业大学学报,2001,16(2)
    
    颜慕勤,陈平.茶树子叶离体培养形成胚状体的研究[J].林业科学.1983,19(1):25-29
    
    颜吕敬.植物组织培养手册[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1 990
    
    严学成,王毅军.茶树叶片培养的器官发生[J].中药新药与临床药理,1994,2:48-49
    
    杨国伟,兰蓉,王晓杰,等.茶树愈伤组织诱导和组织培养[J].江苏农业科学,2006,(4):122-124
    
    袁正仿,孔凡权,远凌威,等.薮北茶树的组织培养研究[J].信阳师范学院学报:自然科学版,2003,16(2):215-217
    
    姚永宏,徐泽,侯渝嘉,等.秋季茶树内源激素的ELISA分析及其在不同器官中的分布[J].渝西学院学报(自然科学版),2005,(4)
    
    袁弟顺,倪元栋.茶细胞培养法生产茶氨酸的技术研究-茶愈伤组织的诱导体系建立[J].福建茶叶,2003,23(3):27-28.
    
    张颖娟,杨持.中国特有种四合木种群遗传多样性的RAPD分析[J].生态学报,2002,22(11):699-703
    
    张国彬.山茶组织培养的初步研究[D].华中师范大学,2004
    
    张娅婷,张伟.薮北茶的组织培养[J].周口师范学院学报,2004,21(5):74-76
    
    张建华,毛平生,彭火辉.茶树的组培快繁技术初探[J].蚕桑茶叶通讯,2003,(4):32-33
    
    张娅婷,张伟.薮北茶的组织培养[J].周口师范学院学报,2004,(9):74-76
    
    张明方,陈竹君.榨菜胞质雄性不育系和保持系花器发育过程中内源激素变化[J].浙江农业大学学报,1997,23(2):154-157
    
    张红晓,经剑颖.木本植物组织培养技术研究进展[J].河南科技大学学报:农学版,2003,23 (3)
    
    周健,成浩,王丽鸳.茶树组培快繁技术的优化研究[J].茶叶科学,2005,25(3):172-176
    
    周带娣.生物技术在茶树上应用的进展[J].茶叶通讯,1993,(3):26-29
    
    周健,成浩,王丽鸳.激素处理对茶树组培苗温室内直接诱导生根的影响[J].茶叶科学,2005,25(4):265-269
    
    中村顺行.Efficient differentiation of adventitious embryos from cotyledon culture of camelliasinensis and other camellia species[J].茶叶研究报告,1988,67:1-7
    
    中村顺行.Difererentiation of adventitious buds and its varietal difference in stem segment cultureof camellia siensis(L)O. Kuntze[J].茶叶研究报告,1989,70:41-48
    
    中村顺行.In Vitro propagation techniques of tea plant[J]. 茶叶研究报告,1991,74:31-38
    
    曾建明.茶树激素提取方法的改进[J].中国茶叶,1999,21(2):28-29
    
    AKULAA DODDWA. Direct somatic embryogenesis in a selected tea clone "TR...22025"Camellia sinensis(L.) O.Kuntze from nodal explants[J]. Plant Cell Report,1998,17(10): 804-809
    
    Amen,R.D. A Model of seed endodormancy[J]. Bot.Rev, 1968, 34: 1-31
    
    Arnotd, Binos, Barthakur, Cloutier: A study of the effect of growth regulators and tome of ptantletharvest on the in vitro multiplication rate of hardy and hybrid tearoses.Journal-of-Horticultural-Science, 1992, 67: 6, 727-735
    
    Barthakor, Mitra-GC: Notrint requirements for growth and multilication of tea plants in vitro.Bangladesh-Journal-of-Botany. 1990, 19: 1,65-71
    
    Bonga J M,Durzan(阙国宁·郭达韧,李金田等译)树木组织培养[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1988.2
    
    Fuchigami.L. H,MWisnie wski. Quantifyingt bud endodormancy:pHysiological approaches[J].Hortscience, 1997, 32: 618-632
    
    FRISCHCH CAMPERND. Effect of synthetic auxins on callus induction from tea stem tissue[J].Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 1987, 8 (3) : 207-213
    
    Heinz DJ, Mee WP. Ickel LG. Chromosome numbers of Saccharum species hybrid clones drived from callus tissue[J]. Amer J Bet, 1969, (56) : 450-456
    Heinz DJ, Mee WP. MorpHologic cytogenetic and enzymatic variations in Saccharum species hybrid clones derived from culture callus[J]. Amer J Bet, 1971, (58) : 257-262
    KATO M. Regenerationg of plants from tea stem callus[J]. Japanese Journal of Breeding, 1985.35(3) : 317-322
    KIMJS. Studies on the propagation of Korean tea plants by tissue culture[J]. Journal of Korean Forestry Society, 1986, (75): 25-31
    Karp A. The role of grouth regulators in somaclonnal variation [J]. Anmual Bulletin, 1992, 2:1-9 Larkin PJ, Scowcroft WR. Somaclonal variation-a novel source of variability from cell culture for plant improvement[J]. Theor Appl Genet, 1981, (60) : 197-214
    LEE, T T. Cytodinin-controlled Indoleacetic acid Oxidase lsoenaymes in Tobacco Callus Culture[J]. PHysiol Plant, 1971, 47: 181-185
    Lavee, S.Endodormancy and bud break in warm climatics: considerationgs of growth regulator involvement[J]. Acta Hort, 1973, 34: 225-234
    NORA A, CHOVEAUX, JVAN STADEN. The Effect of 1-NapHthaleneacetic Acid on the Endogenous Cytokinin Content of Aseptically Cultured Bark Segments of Salix babylonica[J]. Plant and Cell PHysiol, 1981,22 (7) : 1207-1214
    NAKAMURAY. Effects of the kind of auxins on callus induction and root differentiation from stem segment culture of Camelia sinensis[J]. Chagyo Kenkyu Hokoku, 1988, 68: 1 —7 PHukan MK. Mitra GC (1984) Curr Sci53: 874-876
    Pan Gengsheng, Masaki Tsuji. A Study On the relationships between the Growth Of Tea and Endogenous Hormones IAA and ABA. Acta Agricultrue Universictatis Zhejiangensis. 1992, 18(s) : 133-137
    Roux JJ, Botany NAC. Leivers S:Microprogation of AspaLathus linearis through hud multiplication. Plant-Cell-Tissue-and-Organ-culture, 1992. 28: 2,225—227 Rjasekaran: Production of clonal plantlets of Grevillea robusta in vitro culture via axillary bud activation. Plant-Cell-Tissue-and-Organ-culture, 1994, 39: 3, 277—279
    Swartz,H.J.; A.S.Geyer; L.E.Powell et al. The role of bud scales in the endodormancy of apples[J]. J.Amer.Soc.Hort.Sci.1984,109: 745-749
    Shoemaker RC, Amberger KA, Palmer RG et al. Efects of 2,4-dichloro pHenoc yaeetic acid concentration on somatic embryogenesis and heritable variation in soybean(Glycine m.
    ??L. Mer. R. ). Invitro CeU Dev BioZ Plant, 1991, 27: 84-88
    
    Sarathchandra.Upali Arulpragasam : Progress towards the commercial propagation of tea by tissueculture[J]. Sri-Laaha Journal of Tea Science, 1990, 59 (2) : 62-64
    
    TORU K, MASAYUI K. Establishment of tea cell lines with high growth rate[J]. 茶叶研究报告,1994,80:1-8

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700