二维核磁共振特性的室内研究
|
摘要
二维NMR流体识别技术是国际上少数石油公司拥有的高新技术,一直以来为他们所垄断,目前国内在该项技术上的研究比较落后,目前主要表现在一维NMR技术的应用和推广上。
本文在分析了基本流体NMR特性的基础上,结合国外公开有限的二维NMR技术资料,提出了二维NMR流体识别系统的概念设计方案。以此为基础,结合NMR基础理论,利用一定温度下已知蒸馏水的扩散系数,应用对多次测量离散数据进行线性回归的技术,对测算磁场梯度方法进行了系统研究,为方案的下一步做准备;利用纯烷烃流体来模拟油气层油气,结合一维NMR基础技术,对烷烃的扩散系数D和体驰豫时间T2之间的关系进行了初步的实验研究;在一维NMR反演技术基础上,结合L曲线准则,进行了二维NMR反演算法的研究;最后在上述研究基础上,开发了二维岩心流体识别分析系统,并对油水混合流体、饱和一定比例油水的岩心进行了识别实验,实验结果表明:目前该套系统能对含油水两相流体的岩心进行定性识别。
研究证明:利用蒸馏水测算磁体梯度方法能在任意时刻和环境进行,提高了测算效率和精度:通过流体的NMR特性实验研究,得出在一定条件下烷烃流体D&T2的线性规律,并开发了配套的二维流体识别系统,并以上述技术为基础,形成了二维NMR流体识别系统的概念设计方案,为后者在该方向的研究提供一个基础。
The high and new technology of the two-dimentional NMR liquid typing is dominated by the few international companys, and the research on this technology is behind the overseas,which are the applicaiton and popularization of one dimentional NMR technology
This paper,which combines with few two dimentional NMR documents, presents the concept design solution of tow dimentional fluid typing on the base of the analysis of the NMR characteristic. and on base of this , this paper, which applys the linear regression on more cllecting datas, which duf f ise coeef f icient is known at the certain temperature, conbine with the base NMR fundaments , give the study on the method of caculating the Managtic gradient to prepare the next;We give the exprientment study on the relation of the diffuse coefficient D and relaxtion time T2 of the alkane by simulating oil and gas in reservoir with pure alkane,combining with the one dementional NMR technology;We also study on the two dimentional NMR reversion algorithm,based on the one dimentional NMR reversion algorithm,applying the L curve criterion;and base on above,we finally develope two dimentional core fluid typing analysis system,study on the oil-water mixed fluid and the core satuated with oil -water in certain propotion ,and result shows that the system can qualitatively type the fluid in core satuated with oil-water.
The result shows we can impove the caculating efficiency and precision via the method of caculating magnatic gradient which can excute anytime and environment;we got the linear rule of the D&T2 in certain environment via the study on the fuid NMR characteristic,also accordingly develope two dimentional fluid typing system ; above of the technonoly ,we build up the concept design solution of two dimentional fluid typing system ,giving a fundation for the later researcher
本文在分析了基本流体NMR特性的基础上,结合国外公开有限的二维NMR技术资料,提出了二维NMR流体识别系统的概念设计方案。以此为基础,结合NMR基础理论,利用一定温度下已知蒸馏水的扩散系数,应用对多次测量离散数据进行线性回归的技术,对测算磁场梯度方法进行了系统研究,为方案的下一步做准备;利用纯烷烃流体来模拟油气层油气,结合一维NMR基础技术,对烷烃的扩散系数D和体驰豫时间T2之间的关系进行了初步的实验研究;在一维NMR反演技术基础上,结合L曲线准则,进行了二维NMR反演算法的研究;最后在上述研究基础上,开发了二维岩心流体识别分析系统,并对油水混合流体、饱和一定比例油水的岩心进行了识别实验,实验结果表明:目前该套系统能对含油水两相流体的岩心进行定性识别。
研究证明:利用蒸馏水测算磁体梯度方法能在任意时刻和环境进行,提高了测算效率和精度:通过流体的NMR特性实验研究,得出在一定条件下烷烃流体D&T2的线性规律,并开发了配套的二维流体识别系统,并以上述技术为基础,形成了二维NMR流体识别系统的概念设计方案,为后者在该方向的研究提供一个基础。
The high and new technology of the two-dimentional NMR liquid typing is dominated by the few international companys, and the research on this technology is behind the overseas,which are the applicaiton and popularization of one dimentional NMR technology
This paper,which combines with few two dimentional NMR documents, presents the concept design solution of tow dimentional fluid typing on the base of the analysis of the NMR characteristic. and on base of this , this paper, which applys the linear regression on more cllecting datas, which duf f ise coeef f icient is known at the certain temperature, conbine with the base NMR fundaments , give the study on the method of caculating the Managtic gradient to prepare the next;We give the exprientment study on the relation of the diffuse coefficient D and relaxtion time T2 of the alkane by simulating oil and gas in reservoir with pure alkane,combining with the one dementional NMR technology;We also study on the two dimentional NMR reversion algorithm,based on the one dimentional NMR reversion algorithm,applying the L curve criterion;and base on above,we finally develope two dimentional core fluid typing analysis system,study on the oil-water mixed fluid and the core satuated with oil -water in certain propotion ,and result shows that the system can qualitatively type the fluid in core satuated with oil-water.
The result shows we can impove the caculating efficiency and precision via the method of caculating magnatic gradient which can excute anytime and environment;we got the linear rule of the D&T2 in certain environment via the study on the fuid NMR characteristic,also accordingly develope two dimentional fluid typing system ; above of the technonoly ,we build up the concept design solution of two dimentional fluid typing system ,giving a fundation for the later researcher
引文
[1]Timur A.Producible porosity and permeability of sandstone investigated through nuclear magnetic resonance principles[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1969,21,775-786.
[2]王志战,翟慎德,周立发.核磁共振录井技术在岩石物性分析方面的应用研究[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(6):619-623.
[3]Martin D,Lalitha Venkataramanan,Christian Straley.Method and apparatus for NMR Measurement of wettability[P].US:6883702,2005-04-26.
[4]Martin D,Charles Flaum.Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Method and Logging Apparatus for Fluid Analysis[P].US:6891369,2005-5-10.
[5]Brown,R.J.S.and Fatt,I.Measurement of fractional wettability of oil fields rocks by the nuclear magnetic relaxation method[J],SPE-743-G,Society of Petroleum Engineers,1956,Texas.
[6]Brown,R.Protonrelaxation in crude oil[J],Nature,1961,189.
[7]Seevers,D.O.A nuclear magnetic method for determining the permeability of sandstones[A].Society of Professional Well Log Analysts,1966.
[8]Timur,A.An Investigation of permeability,porosity and residual water saturation relationships[A].Society of Professional Well Log Analysts,1968.
[9]Timur,A.Producible porosity and permeability of sandstone investigated through nuclear magnetic resonance principles[A].The Log Analyst,January-February,1969,3-11.
[10]Timur,A.Pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance studies of porosity,moveable fluid,and permeability of sandstones[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1969,21,775-786.
[11]R.L.Kleinberg and H.J.Vinegar.NMR Properties of Reservoir Fluids[A].The Log Analyst,November-December 1996.
[12]R.L.Kleinberg et al.Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Rocks:T1 vsT2[A].SPE 26470,1993.
[13]D.Marschall et al.Method for Correlating NMR Relaxometry and Mercury Injection Data[J],SCA-9511,1995.
[14]S.Chen et al.Methods for Computing Swi and BVI from NMR Logs[A],SPWLA 39th Annual Logging Symposium,May 26-29,1998.
[15]Stefan Menger and Manfred Prammer.Can NMR Porosity Replace Conventional Porosity in Formation Evaluation[A].SPWLA 39th Annual Logging Symposium,May 26-29,1998.
[16]M.B.Crowe et al.Measuring Residual Oil Saturation in West Texas Using NMR[A],SPWLA 38th Annual Logging Symposium,June 15-18,1997.
[17]John P.Horkowitz et al.Residual Oil Saturation Measurements in Carbonates with Pulsed NMR Logs[A],The Log Analyst,March-April 1997.
[18]R.Akkurt et al.Selection of Optimal Acquisition Parameters for MRIL Logs[A],The Log Analyst,November-December 1996.
[19]R.Akkurt et al.Enhanced Diffusion:Expanding the Range of NMR Direct Hydrocarbon-typing Applications[A],SPWLA 39th Annual Logging Symposium,May 26-29,1998.
[20]R.Akkurt et al.Determination of Residual Oil Saturation Using Enhanced Diffusion[J],SPE-49014,1998.
[21]Boqin Sun,Keh-Jim Dunn.Methods of decoupling diffusion effects from relaxation times to determine properties of porous media containing fluids[P].US:6833698,2004-12-21.
[22]Boqin Sun,Keh-Jim Duun.Method for obtaining multi-dimensional proton density distributions from a system of nuclear spins[P].US:6937014,2005-08-30.
[23]裘祖文,裴奉奎.核磁共振波谱[M].北京:科学出版社,1989.
[24]童瑜晔,邵倩芬译.实验脉冲核磁共振[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,1995.
[25]张建中,孙存普.磁共振教程[M].北京:中国科学技术大学出版社,1996.
[26]肖立志.磁共振成像测井与岩石核磁共振及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1998。
[27]K.-J.Dunn,D.J.Bergman.Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Petrophysical and Logging Applications[M].Pergamon:An Imprint of Elsebier Science,2002.
[28]查传钰,吕钢,多孔介质中流体的扩散系数及其测量方法[J].地球物理学进展,1998,13(2):60-72.
[29]Boqin Sun,Keh-Jim Duun.Core analysis with two dimensional NMR[J].SCA2002-38.
[30]D.Mardon,J.S.Gardner,G.R.Coates,Experimental study of diffusion and relaxation of oil-water mixtures in model porous media[A].SPWLA37th Annual Logging Symposium,June 16-19,1996.
[31]W.J.Looyestijn.Determination of Oil Saturation from Diffusion NMR Logs[A].SPWLA37th Annual Logging Symposium,June 16-19,1996,S.
[32]G.R.Coates,H.J.Vinegar.Restrictive Diffusion From Uniform Gradient NMR Well Logging[J].SPE 26472,1993,575-590.
[33]Partha P.Mitra,Pabitra N.Sen.Diffusion Propagator as a Probe of the Structure of Porous Media[J].Physical Review Letters,1992,68(24):3555-3558.
[34]Martin D.Hurlimann,Lawrence L.Latour.Diffusion Measurement in Sandstone Core:NMR Determination of Surface-to-Volume Ratio and Surface Relaxivity[J].Magnetic Resonance Imaging,1994,12(2):325-327.
[35]Boqin Sun,Keh-Jim Dunn.A global inversion method for multi-dimensional NMR logging[J].Journal of Magnetic Resonance,2005,172:152-160.
[36]阮百尧,葛为中.奇异值分解法与阻尼最小二乘法的对比[J].物探化探计算技术,1996,19(1).
[37]王为民,李陪.核磁共振驰豫信号的多指数反演[J].中国科学A辑,2001,31(8):730-736.
[38]王才志,李宁.Cif2000平台下的核磁共振测井解释方法研究.测井技术,2002,26(5):360-363.
[39]姜瑞忠,姚彦平,苗胜.核磁共振T_2谱奇异值分解反演改进算法[J].石油学报,2005,26(6):57-59.
[40]Butler J P,Reeds J A,Dawson S V.Estimating solutions of first kind integral equations with nonnegative constraints and optimal smoothing.SIAMJ Numer Anal,1981,18(3):381-397
[41]Bloembergen,N.,Purcell,E.M.,and Pound,R.V.:"Relaxation Effects in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Absorption," Physical Review(1948),73,no.7,679-712.
[42]Freedman,R.et al.:"A New Method of Fluid Characterization in Reservoir Rocks:Experimental Confirmation and Simulation Results," paper SPE 63214 presented at the 2000 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,Dallas,1-4 October.
[43]翁爱华,李舟波,莫修文等.核磁共振测井数据高分辨率反演方法研究[J].测井技术,2002,26(6):455-459.
[44]肖庭延,于慎根,王彦飞.反问题的数值解法[M],北京:科学出版社,2003.
[45]Hansen P.C,Analysis of Discrete Ⅲ-posed Problems by Means of the L-Curve[J].SIAM Review,1992,34(4):561-580.
[46]Heinz W.Engl,Martin Hanker,Andreas Neubauer.Regularization of inverse problems[M].Dordrecht,Kluwer academic publishers.1996
[47]赵烈加,刘卫等.基于L-曲线准则T2谱算法研究[J].石油天然气学报,2007,29(6)
[2]王志战,翟慎德,周立发.核磁共振录井技术在岩石物性分析方面的应用研究[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(6):619-623.
[3]Martin D,Lalitha Venkataramanan,Christian Straley.Method and apparatus for NMR Measurement of wettability[P].US:6883702,2005-04-26.
[4]Martin D,Charles Flaum.Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Method and Logging Apparatus for Fluid Analysis[P].US:6891369,2005-5-10.
[5]Brown,R.J.S.and Fatt,I.Measurement of fractional wettability of oil fields rocks by the nuclear magnetic relaxation method[J],SPE-743-G,Society of Petroleum Engineers,1956,Texas.
[6]Brown,R.Protonrelaxation in crude oil[J],Nature,1961,189.
[7]Seevers,D.O.A nuclear magnetic method for determining the permeability of sandstones[A].Society of Professional Well Log Analysts,1966.
[8]Timur,A.An Investigation of permeability,porosity and residual water saturation relationships[A].Society of Professional Well Log Analysts,1968.
[9]Timur,A.Producible porosity and permeability of sandstone investigated through nuclear magnetic resonance principles[A].The Log Analyst,January-February,1969,3-11.
[10]Timur,A.Pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance studies of porosity,moveable fluid,and permeability of sandstones[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1969,21,775-786.
[11]R.L.Kleinberg and H.J.Vinegar.NMR Properties of Reservoir Fluids[A].The Log Analyst,November-December 1996.
[12]R.L.Kleinberg et al.Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Rocks:T1 vsT2[A].SPE 26470,1993.
[13]D.Marschall et al.Method for Correlating NMR Relaxometry and Mercury Injection Data[J],SCA-9511,1995.
[14]S.Chen et al.Methods for Computing Swi and BVI from NMR Logs[A],SPWLA 39th Annual Logging Symposium,May 26-29,1998.
[15]Stefan Menger and Manfred Prammer.Can NMR Porosity Replace Conventional Porosity in Formation Evaluation[A].SPWLA 39th Annual Logging Symposium,May 26-29,1998.
[16]M.B.Crowe et al.Measuring Residual Oil Saturation in West Texas Using NMR[A],SPWLA 38th Annual Logging Symposium,June 15-18,1997.
[17]John P.Horkowitz et al.Residual Oil Saturation Measurements in Carbonates with Pulsed NMR Logs[A],The Log Analyst,March-April 1997.
[18]R.Akkurt et al.Selection of Optimal Acquisition Parameters for MRIL Logs[A],The Log Analyst,November-December 1996.
[19]R.Akkurt et al.Enhanced Diffusion:Expanding the Range of NMR Direct Hydrocarbon-typing Applications[A],SPWLA 39th Annual Logging Symposium,May 26-29,1998.
[20]R.Akkurt et al.Determination of Residual Oil Saturation Using Enhanced Diffusion[J],SPE-49014,1998.
[21]Boqin Sun,Keh-Jim Dunn.Methods of decoupling diffusion effects from relaxation times to determine properties of porous media containing fluids[P].US:6833698,2004-12-21.
[22]Boqin Sun,Keh-Jim Duun.Method for obtaining multi-dimensional proton density distributions from a system of nuclear spins[P].US:6937014,2005-08-30.
[23]裘祖文,裴奉奎.核磁共振波谱[M].北京:科学出版社,1989.
[24]童瑜晔,邵倩芬译.实验脉冲核磁共振[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,1995.
[25]张建中,孙存普.磁共振教程[M].北京:中国科学技术大学出版社,1996.
[26]肖立志.磁共振成像测井与岩石核磁共振及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1998。
[27]K.-J.Dunn,D.J.Bergman.Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Petrophysical and Logging Applications[M].Pergamon:An Imprint of Elsebier Science,2002.
[28]查传钰,吕钢,多孔介质中流体的扩散系数及其测量方法[J].地球物理学进展,1998,13(2):60-72.
[29]Boqin Sun,Keh-Jim Duun.Core analysis with two dimensional NMR[J].SCA2002-38.
[30]D.Mardon,J.S.Gardner,G.R.Coates,Experimental study of diffusion and relaxation of oil-water mixtures in model porous media[A].SPWLA37th Annual Logging Symposium,June 16-19,1996.
[31]W.J.Looyestijn.Determination of Oil Saturation from Diffusion NMR Logs[A].SPWLA37th Annual Logging Symposium,June 16-19,1996,S.
[32]G.R.Coates,H.J.Vinegar.Restrictive Diffusion From Uniform Gradient NMR Well Logging[J].SPE 26472,1993,575-590.
[33]Partha P.Mitra,Pabitra N.Sen.Diffusion Propagator as a Probe of the Structure of Porous Media[J].Physical Review Letters,1992,68(24):3555-3558.
[34]Martin D.Hurlimann,Lawrence L.Latour.Diffusion Measurement in Sandstone Core:NMR Determination of Surface-to-Volume Ratio and Surface Relaxivity[J].Magnetic Resonance Imaging,1994,12(2):325-327.
[35]Boqin Sun,Keh-Jim Dunn.A global inversion method for multi-dimensional NMR logging[J].Journal of Magnetic Resonance,2005,172:152-160.
[36]阮百尧,葛为中.奇异值分解法与阻尼最小二乘法的对比[J].物探化探计算技术,1996,19(1).
[37]王为民,李陪.核磁共振驰豫信号的多指数反演[J].中国科学A辑,2001,31(8):730-736.
[38]王才志,李宁.Cif2000平台下的核磁共振测井解释方法研究.测井技术,2002,26(5):360-363.
[39]姜瑞忠,姚彦平,苗胜.核磁共振T_2谱奇异值分解反演改进算法[J].石油学报,2005,26(6):57-59.
[40]Butler J P,Reeds J A,Dawson S V.Estimating solutions of first kind integral equations with nonnegative constraints and optimal smoothing.SIAMJ Numer Anal,1981,18(3):381-397
[41]Bloembergen,N.,Purcell,E.M.,and Pound,R.V.:"Relaxation Effects in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Absorption," Physical Review(1948),73,no.7,679-712.
[42]Freedman,R.et al.:"A New Method of Fluid Characterization in Reservoir Rocks:Experimental Confirmation and Simulation Results," paper SPE 63214 presented at the 2000 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,Dallas,1-4 October.
[43]翁爱华,李舟波,莫修文等.核磁共振测井数据高分辨率反演方法研究[J].测井技术,2002,26(6):455-459.
[44]肖庭延,于慎根,王彦飞.反问题的数值解法[M],北京:科学出版社,2003.
[45]Hansen P.C,Analysis of Discrete Ⅲ-posed Problems by Means of the L-Curve[J].SIAM Review,1992,34(4):561-580.
[46]Heinz W.Engl,Martin Hanker,Andreas Neubauer.Regularization of inverse problems[M].Dordrecht,Kluwer academic publishers.1996
[47]赵烈加,刘卫等.基于L-曲线准则T2谱算法研究[J].石油天然气学报,2007,29(6)