岩心核磁共振可动流体T_2截止值实验研究
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摘要
T_2截止值是T_2谱中最重要的参数之一,它选取的科学性与准确性直接影响到岩样核磁共振可动流体饱和度、束缚流体饱和度等参数的测量结果。离心方法是国内外普遍采用的确定T_2截止值方法,国内外多数专家学者选用100psi作为标定砂砾岩和碳酸岩岩心T_2截止值的最佳离心力。国外研究中砂岩T_2截止值大多在33ms左右而多数碳酸岩岩心集中在90～100ms之间,国内学者普遍认为国内沉积岩储层岩心的T_2截止值要小于33ms,还未见到火山岩油气藏岩心T_2截止值的相关报道。
大量岩心分析实验结果表明,100psi作为标定岩心T_2截止值的离心力对低孔、低渗砂砾岩岩心以及碳酸岩、火山岩等特殊岩性岩心而言可能不适用。本文选取了一定数量有代表性的砂砾岩、碳酸岩和火山岩岩心进行了最佳离心力标定实验,对每块岩心均分别进行了六、七个不同离心力离心后的核磁共振测量。对本文实验选取的岩心而言,低孔、低渗砂砾岩岩心T_2截止值标定时适合的最佳离心力均大致可取200psi,而碳酸岩和火山岩岩心最佳离心力均大致可取400psi,对应的有效渗流喉道半径下限砂砾岩为0.1μm,碳酸岩和火山岩为0.05μm。
在最佳离心力下,本文选取了大量有代表性的砂砾岩、碳酸岩和火山岩岩心进行了离心实验和核磁共振T_2测量,确定出了对应岩心T_2截止值大小,本文还选取了一定数量有代表性的新鲜含油砂岩湿样进行了T_2截止值标定,分析了岩心原始润湿性对T_2截止值的影响。在本文所测岩心中,砂砾岩岩心T_2截止值大多集中在几ms～30ms之间,碳酸岩岩心T_2截止值均在100ms左右,火山岩岩心T_2截止值随岩心岩性变化较大,大庆油田岩心中流纹岩平均值为87.91ms,凝灰岩平均值为52.02ms,火山角砾岩平均值为36.28ms。
在保证T_2截止值准确的基础上,本文对实验岩心核磁共振束缚水饱和度与孔隙度、渗透率之间的相关性进行了细致分析,建立了火山岩岩心束缚水饱和度、可动流体饱和度分析方法,并对大庆油田部分火山岩岩心核磁分析结果与对应储层试气成果及岩心CT分析结果进行了比较。
T_2 cutoff value is one of the most important parameter in T_2 spectrum. NMR measurement results of samples such as movable fluid saturation、irreducible water saturation will be scientific and accuracy when T_2 cutoff value select scientifically and accurately.
Centrifugal method was general method used at home and abroad to calibrate T_2 cutoff value, and most experts and scholars at home and abroad selected 100 psi as best centrifugal force calibrating T_2 cutoff value glutenite and carbonatite cores. Most foreign scholars believed that T_2 cutoff value of sandstone cores was about 33 ms and domestic scholars generally believed that T_2 cutoff value of domestic sedimentary reservoirs cores was less than 33 ms. In majority study abroad most T_2 cutoff value of carbonatite cores distributed between 90 ms and 100ms, and never saw author relevant reports yet about T_2 cutoff value of vulcanite reservoir cores.
Large number of core analysis results showed that 100 psi as the best centrifugal force of calibrating T_2 cutoff value might be not suitable for glutenite cores have low porosity and low permeability and special lithological cores such as carbonatite cores and vulcanite cores.This paper selected a certain number of representative cores of glutenite have low porosity and low permeability、carbonatite and vulcanite, and carried on best centrifugal force calibration experiments. each of cores were carried on NMR measurement after each of six or seven different centrifugal force, author can got that 200 psi was suitable to be best centrifugal force calibrating T_2 cutoff value for glutenite cores, and 400 psi was suitable for carbonatite and vulcanite cores in this paper, and corresponding lower limit of valid throat is 0.1μm for glutenite and 0.05μm for carbonatite and vulcanite.
Under best centrifugal force, author selected a lot of representative Glutenite、carbonatite and vulcanite cores and carried on centrifugal experiments and NMR T_2 measurement, and determined T_2 cutoff value of each cores, This paper also selected a certain amount of representative fresh oil-bearing sandstone for calibrating T_2 cutoff value, and analyzed influence of T_2 cutoff value with original wettability of core. In this paper, T_2 cutoff value of glutenite cores mostly distributed between 10 and 30 ms, carbonatite cores were about 100ms. T_2 cutoff values of vulcanite cores changed great with lithology, and average T_2 cutoff value of rhyolite cores was 87.91 ms, tuff was 52.02 ms, and volcanic breccia was 36.28 ms.
On the basis of ensuring T_2 cutoff value, author analyzed relationship between NMR irreducible water saturation in different cores and porosity、permeability, and established analytic method of irreducible water saturation、movable fluid saturation of vulcanite core. NMR results of some Daqing oilfield vulcanite cores and gas test results of corresponding reservoir and CT results were compared in this paper.
大量岩心分析实验结果表明,100psi作为标定岩心T_2截止值的离心力对低孔、低渗砂砾岩岩心以及碳酸岩、火山岩等特殊岩性岩心而言可能不适用。本文选取了一定数量有代表性的砂砾岩、碳酸岩和火山岩岩心进行了最佳离心力标定实验,对每块岩心均分别进行了六、七个不同离心力离心后的核磁共振测量。对本文实验选取的岩心而言,低孔、低渗砂砾岩岩心T_2截止值标定时适合的最佳离心力均大致可取200psi,而碳酸岩和火山岩岩心最佳离心力均大致可取400psi,对应的有效渗流喉道半径下限砂砾岩为0.1μm,碳酸岩和火山岩为0.05μm。
在最佳离心力下,本文选取了大量有代表性的砂砾岩、碳酸岩和火山岩岩心进行了离心实验和核磁共振T_2测量,确定出了对应岩心T_2截止值大小,本文还选取了一定数量有代表性的新鲜含油砂岩湿样进行了T_2截止值标定,分析了岩心原始润湿性对T_2截止值的影响。在本文所测岩心中,砂砾岩岩心T_2截止值大多集中在几ms～30ms之间,碳酸岩岩心T_2截止值均在100ms左右,火山岩岩心T_2截止值随岩心岩性变化较大,大庆油田岩心中流纹岩平均值为87.91ms,凝灰岩平均值为52.02ms,火山角砾岩平均值为36.28ms。
在保证T_2截止值准确的基础上,本文对实验岩心核磁共振束缚水饱和度与孔隙度、渗透率之间的相关性进行了细致分析,建立了火山岩岩心束缚水饱和度、可动流体饱和度分析方法,并对大庆油田部分火山岩岩心核磁分析结果与对应储层试气成果及岩心CT分析结果进行了比较。
T_2 cutoff value is one of the most important parameter in T_2 spectrum. NMR measurement results of samples such as movable fluid saturation、irreducible water saturation will be scientific and accuracy when T_2 cutoff value select scientifically and accurately.
Centrifugal method was general method used at home and abroad to calibrate T_2 cutoff value, and most experts and scholars at home and abroad selected 100 psi as best centrifugal force calibrating T_2 cutoff value glutenite and carbonatite cores. Most foreign scholars believed that T_2 cutoff value of sandstone cores was about 33 ms and domestic scholars generally believed that T_2 cutoff value of domestic sedimentary reservoirs cores was less than 33 ms. In majority study abroad most T_2 cutoff value of carbonatite cores distributed between 90 ms and 100ms, and never saw author relevant reports yet about T_2 cutoff value of vulcanite reservoir cores.
Large number of core analysis results showed that 100 psi as the best centrifugal force of calibrating T_2 cutoff value might be not suitable for glutenite cores have low porosity and low permeability and special lithological cores such as carbonatite cores and vulcanite cores.This paper selected a certain number of representative cores of glutenite have low porosity and low permeability、carbonatite and vulcanite, and carried on best centrifugal force calibration experiments. each of cores were carried on NMR measurement after each of six or seven different centrifugal force, author can got that 200 psi was suitable to be best centrifugal force calibrating T_2 cutoff value for glutenite cores, and 400 psi was suitable for carbonatite and vulcanite cores in this paper, and corresponding lower limit of valid throat is 0.1μm for glutenite and 0.05μm for carbonatite and vulcanite.
Under best centrifugal force, author selected a lot of representative Glutenite、carbonatite and vulcanite cores and carried on centrifugal experiments and NMR T_2 measurement, and determined T_2 cutoff value of each cores, This paper also selected a certain amount of representative fresh oil-bearing sandstone for calibrating T_2 cutoff value, and analyzed influence of T_2 cutoff value with original wettability of core. In this paper, T_2 cutoff value of glutenite cores mostly distributed between 10 and 30 ms, carbonatite cores were about 100ms. T_2 cutoff values of vulcanite cores changed great with lithology, and average T_2 cutoff value of rhyolite cores was 87.91 ms, tuff was 52.02 ms, and volcanic breccia was 36.28 ms.
On the basis of ensuring T_2 cutoff value, author analyzed relationship between NMR irreducible water saturation in different cores and porosity、permeability, and established analytic method of irreducible water saturation、movable fluid saturation of vulcanite core. NMR results of some Daqing oilfield vulcanite cores and gas test results of corresponding reservoir and CT results were compared in this paper.
引文
[1]Brown,R.J.S.and Fatt,I.Measurement of fractional wettability of oil fields' rocks by the nuclear magnetic relaxation method,SPE-743-G;Society of Petroleum Engineers,1956,Texas.
[2]Brown,R.,Protonrelaxation in crude oil,Nature,1961,189.
[3]Seevers,D.O.A nuclear magnetic method for determining the permeability of sandstones,Paper Presented at Annual Logging Symposium Transactions:Society of Professional Well Log Analysts,1966.
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[6]Timur,A.Pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance studies of porosity,moveable fluid,and permeability of sandstones:Journal of Petroleum Technology,1969,V.21,p.775-786.
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[21]岳文正,陶果.用核磁共振及岩石物理实验求地层束缚水饱和度及平均孔隙半径.测井技术,2002,26(1):22-25.
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[23]高楚桥,何宗斌,吴洪深等.核磁共振T_2截止值与毛细管压力的关系.石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(1):118-120.
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[45] Timur, A. An Investigation of permeability, porosity and residual water saturation relationships, Paper Presented at Annual Logging Symposium Transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 1968.
[46] Timur, A. Producible porosity and permeability of sandstone investigated through nuclear magnetic resonance principles, The Log Analyst, January-February, 1969, p.3-11.
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[2]Brown,R.,Protonrelaxation in crude oil,Nature,1961,189.
[3]Seevers,D.O.A nuclear magnetic method for determining the permeability of sandstones,Paper Presented at Annual Logging Symposium Transactions:Society of Professional Well Log Analysts,1966.
[4]Timur,A.An Investigation of permeability,porosity and residual water saturation relationships,Paper Presented at Annual Logging Symposium Transactions:Society of Professional Well Log Analysts,1968.
[5]Timur,A.Producible porosity and permeability of sandstone investigated through nuclear magnetic resonance principles,The Log Analyst,January-February,1969,p.3-11.
[6]Timur,A.Pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance studies of porosity,moveable fluid,and permeability of sandstones:Journal of Petroleum Technology,1969,V.21,p.775-786.
[7]高守双,核磁共振测井,测井技术,1983,第5期。
[8]高守双,国外核磁测井简介,1986,国外测井技术水平调研专辑。
[9]肖立志,杜有如,叶朝辉,岩石的核磁共振自旋密度微成像,物理化学学报,1995,第六期。
[10]肖立志,核磁共振成象测井,测井技术,1995,第4期。
[11]Wang Weimin,et al.,NMR imaging of introvoxel incoherent motion in porous media,The International 5TH Beijing Conference and Exhibition on Instrument Analysis,Oct.9-12,1993,pp.E119-121.
[12]Wang Weimin et al.,The NMR semi-quantitative determination of Polymer retained in sealing drilled core,The Third International Meeting on Recent Advances in MR Applications to Porous media,Belgium.,1995.
[13]Wang Weimin et al.,The Application of NMR Imaging to the Studies of Enhanced Oil Recovery in China,Magnetic Resonance Imaging,1996,Vol.14,Nos.7/8.
[14]王为民,用核磁共振成像技术研究聚合物驱油机理,石油学报,1997年,第4期,54-61。
[15]王为民等,核磁共振岩性测试系统研制报告,渗流所,1997。
[16]Wang Weimin et al.Using NMR Technology to Determine the Movable Fluid Index of Rock Matrix in Xiaoguai Oilfield,Sixth International Oil&Gas Conference and Exhibition,SPE-50903,1998.
[17]王为民,核磁共振测井基础实验研究,测井技术,1997,第6期。
[18]谭海芳,黄书坤.确定束缚水饱和度的方法研究.国外测井技术,2006,21(4):23-25.
[19]郭平,黄伟岗,姜贻伟等.致密气藏束缚与可动水研究[J].天然气工业,2006,26(10):992101.
[20]王志战,邓美寅,翟慎德等.油井样品NMR T_2谱的影响因素及T_2截止值的确定方法.波谱学杂志,2006,23(1):143-147.
[21]岳文正,陶果.用核磁共振及岩石物理实验求地层束缚水饱和度及平均孔隙半径.测井技术,2002,26(1):22-25.
[22]鲜德清,傅少庆,谢然红.核磁共振测井束缚水模型研究.核电子学与探测技术,2007,27(3):578-560.
[23]高楚桥,何宗斌,吴洪深等.核磁共振T_2截止值与毛细管压力的关系.石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(1):118-120.
[24]孙建孟,李召成,耿生臣等.核磁共振测井T_(2cutoff)确定方法探讨[J].测井技术,2001,25(3):175-177.
[25]汪中浩,章成广,肖承文等,低渗透储层T_2截止值实验研究及其测井应用.石油物探,2004,43(5):509-511.
[26]阙洪培,雷卞军.NMR束缚流体体积确定方法及其应用条件.西南石油学院学报,2002,24(2):5-8.
[27]成志刚,王黎.利用NMR资料建立束缚水解释模型[J].江汉石油学院学报,2003,25(2):66-67.
[28]周德志.束缚水饱和度与临界水饱和度关系的研究.油气地质与采收率,2006,13(6):81-85.
[29]R.Agut and B.Levallois.Integrating core measurements and NMR logs in complex lithology.SPE 63211.
[30]T.H.Hassoun、K.Zainalabedin and C.Cao Minh.Hydrocarbon detection in low-contrast resistivity pay zones,capillary pressure and ROS determination with NMR logging in Saudi arable.Spe37770
[31]Dale Logan、Chris Morriss and Rick Williams.Comparison of nuclear magnetic resonance techniques in the Delaware.SPE 030627
[32]Rahul Dastidar、Chandra Rai and Carl Sondergeld.Integrating nmr with other petrophysical information to characterize a turbidite reservoir.SPE 89948
[33]Henry A.Ohen、Austin Ajufo and Federica Manni Curby.A hydraulic unit based model for the determination of petrophysical properties from nmr relaxation measurements.SPE 030626
[34]Henry A Ohen and Austin O.Ajufo PauiinusM Enware.Laboratory NMR Relaxation Measurements for the Acquisition of Calibration Data for NMR Logging Tools.Spe35683
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