论网球运动的文化传承
摘要
研究目的与意义:网球运动的历史悠久,具有深厚的文化底蕴,通过对网球运动文化传承的研究,使人们加深对网球运动的了解,从根本上认识网球,体会网球运动的魅力。网球运动的文化传承推动了网球运动的发展,是网球运动文化发展不可缺少的一个条件,没有网球运动的文化传承也就没有网球文化,更谈不上网球运动的文化发展。
研究方法:文献资料法、个案分析法、观察法、逻辑归纳与演绎。
通过对网球运动文化传承的研究,得出以下结论:
球、网球拍、场地、网球服装、“鹰眼”和测速器作为网球运动文化传承的媒介,奠定了网球运动文化传承的物质基础。球、网球拍、场地是网球运动文化传承的物质载体,网球服装从设计、图案与颜色和面料上丰富了网球运动文化传承的内容,“鹰眼”和测速器体现了网球运动媒介的文化增值。
网球运动文化传承的途径与方式多种多样,概括起来主要有以下几种:参与、欣赏以及教育、体验、交流、传播。人是网球运动的主体,人的参与是网球运动存在与发展的基础,也是网球运动文化传承的前提条件。从比赛场馆、比赛过程、比赛结果等角度欣赏高水平网球赛事的美学特征。从运动员所取得的成就、绰号和ATP排名波动,领会运动员的魅力。网球运动教育功能的体现,传授网球技战术、规则、礼仪及网球参与者的人格塑造。体验网球运动带来的身心变化。网球运动是结交朋友,促进了解,增进友谊的一种时尚的交流方式。印刷媒介以文字的形式传承网球运动文化的内容。电子媒介以声音、画面的形式传承网球运动的内容。
国际网球组织、竞赛制度、规则及约定俗成的礼仪是网球运动文化传承的规范。国际网球组织在机构上对文化传承进行规范,对网球赛事和ATP排名进行了改革。竞赛方法和规则从制度上对网球文化传承进行规范。单淘汰、网球裁判、比赛记分、两次发球、外卡和决赛局体现了网球运动对传统制度的保留和改革。约定俗成的礼仪从传统上对网球文化传承进行规范,体现人的价值:对运动员的尊重、对裁判员工作人员的尊重、对观众的尊重,也体现个人的尊严。
Purpose and Significance:tennis has a long history and a profound cultural inner-secret.The research on the cultural inheritance of tennis sport makes us have a deep understanding of tennis sport,recognize the essentials of tennis,and know the charm of tennis sports.The cultural inheritance of tennis sport gradually promotes the development of tennis,which is indispensable for the tennis culture development.That is to say,there is no tennis culture,there is no the cultural inheritance of tennis sport,rather than talking about the development of tennis culture.
The method of study:document research、individual analysis、observation、logical analysis.
Through carrying out the research of the cultural inheritance of tennis sport,the conclusion was drawn as following:
Ball,tennis racket,tennis court,tennis suit,"hawk's eye" and serving velocimeter,which are regarded as the media of the cultural inheritance of tennis sport,prepare the ground for material base.Ball,tennis racket,and tennis court are the material carriers of the cultural inheritance of tennis sport.Tennis suit enriches the contents of tennis inheritance from designing,pattern,colour,and material."Hawk's eye" and serving velocimeter embody the increasing in culture value of the tennis media.
There are a variety of ways to pass on the culture of tennis, and they can be generalized as follows:the participation, appreciation,education,experience,exchange.The player is the subject in tennis playing,and people's participation is the basis of the existence and development of the tennis sport and also the premise of the preservation of tennis culture. People can appreciate the aesthetic features of high-level tennis games from the angles of the venues,courses as well as the results of the tennis competition,and comprehend the charm of the players from their achievements,nicknames'and their ranks in ATP.Tennis has the educational functions as follows: imparking the competing tactics,rules,manners and cultivating the characters of the tennis players.People can also experience the physical and mental changes brought by tennis playing.Tennis playing is a fashionable social activity in which people can promote mutual understanding and friendship. The press media passes on the tennis culture through the characters and the electronic media through sounds and pictures.
International tennis organization,the competition system、the rules of playing tennis andthe accepted manners in tennis standardize the culture continuity of tennis.International tennis organization makes the institution of the culture continuity in tennis standardized,the tennis events and the APT rankings reformed as well.Besides,Competing ways and rules standardize the system of the culture continuity in tennis.The reservation and reform of tennis are also exemplified in the traditional rules,such assingle drop-out、umpire system、match score、double serve、wild card and the final. What's more,the accepted manners standardizes the traditional culture of tennis,embodying not only people's value with the respect for the players,the umpires and the audience but also man's dignity.
研究方法:文献资料法、个案分析法、观察法、逻辑归纳与演绎。
通过对网球运动文化传承的研究,得出以下结论:
球、网球拍、场地、网球服装、“鹰眼”和测速器作为网球运动文化传承的媒介,奠定了网球运动文化传承的物质基础。球、网球拍、场地是网球运动文化传承的物质载体,网球服装从设计、图案与颜色和面料上丰富了网球运动文化传承的内容,“鹰眼”和测速器体现了网球运动媒介的文化增值。
网球运动文化传承的途径与方式多种多样,概括起来主要有以下几种:参与、欣赏以及教育、体验、交流、传播。人是网球运动的主体,人的参与是网球运动存在与发展的基础,也是网球运动文化传承的前提条件。从比赛场馆、比赛过程、比赛结果等角度欣赏高水平网球赛事的美学特征。从运动员所取得的成就、绰号和ATP排名波动,领会运动员的魅力。网球运动教育功能的体现,传授网球技战术、规则、礼仪及网球参与者的人格塑造。体验网球运动带来的身心变化。网球运动是结交朋友,促进了解,增进友谊的一种时尚的交流方式。印刷媒介以文字的形式传承网球运动文化的内容。电子媒介以声音、画面的形式传承网球运动的内容。
国际网球组织、竞赛制度、规则及约定俗成的礼仪是网球运动文化传承的规范。国际网球组织在机构上对文化传承进行规范,对网球赛事和ATP排名进行了改革。竞赛方法和规则从制度上对网球文化传承进行规范。单淘汰、网球裁判、比赛记分、两次发球、外卡和决赛局体现了网球运动对传统制度的保留和改革。约定俗成的礼仪从传统上对网球文化传承进行规范,体现人的价值:对运动员的尊重、对裁判员工作人员的尊重、对观众的尊重,也体现个人的尊严。
Purpose and Significance:tennis has a long history and a profound cultural inner-secret.The research on the cultural inheritance of tennis sport makes us have a deep understanding of tennis sport,recognize the essentials of tennis,and know the charm of tennis sports.The cultural inheritance of tennis sport gradually promotes the development of tennis,which is indispensable for the tennis culture development.That is to say,there is no tennis culture,there is no the cultural inheritance of tennis sport,rather than talking about the development of tennis culture.
The method of study:document research、individual analysis、observation、logical analysis.
Through carrying out the research of the cultural inheritance of tennis sport,the conclusion was drawn as following:
Ball,tennis racket,tennis court,tennis suit,"hawk's eye" and serving velocimeter,which are regarded as the media of the cultural inheritance of tennis sport,prepare the ground for material base.Ball,tennis racket,and tennis court are the material carriers of the cultural inheritance of tennis sport.Tennis suit enriches the contents of tennis inheritance from designing,pattern,colour,and material."Hawk's eye" and serving velocimeter embody the increasing in culture value of the tennis media.
There are a variety of ways to pass on the culture of tennis, and they can be generalized as follows:the participation, appreciation,education,experience,exchange.The player is the subject in tennis playing,and people's participation is the basis of the existence and development of the tennis sport and also the premise of the preservation of tennis culture. People can appreciate the aesthetic features of high-level tennis games from the angles of the venues,courses as well as the results of the tennis competition,and comprehend the charm of the players from their achievements,nicknames'and their ranks in ATP.Tennis has the educational functions as follows: imparking the competing tactics,rules,manners and cultivating the characters of the tennis players.People can also experience the physical and mental changes brought by tennis playing.Tennis playing is a fashionable social activity in which people can promote mutual understanding and friendship. The press media passes on the tennis culture through the characters and the electronic media through sounds and pictures.
International tennis organization,the competition system、the rules of playing tennis andthe accepted manners in tennis standardize the culture continuity of tennis.International tennis organization makes the institution of the culture continuity in tennis standardized,the tennis events and the APT rankings reformed as well.Besides,Competing ways and rules standardize the system of the culture continuity in tennis.The reservation and reform of tennis are also exemplified in the traditional rules,such assingle drop-out、umpire system、match score、double serve、wild card and the final. What's more,the accepted manners standardizes the traditional culture of tennis,embodying not only people's value with the respect for the players,the umpires and the audience but also man's dignity.
引文
铩颷1]陈华文.文化学概论[M].上海:上海文艺出版社,2001.48
[2]金赛英.论篮球运动的文化内涵[J].北京体育大学,2004,27(3):309
[3]陈华文.文化学概论[M].上海:上海文艺出版社,2001.8-9
[4]马尔库塞.爱欲与文明[M]上海:上海译文出版社,1987.18
[5]周鸿铎.文化传播学通论[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,2005.39
[6]程志理.体育文化初探[J].上海体育学院学报,1987,(3):15
[7]蓝惠玲.运动文化的分析[J].奥林匹克季刊,1994,(28):14-17
[8]冯胜刚.对“文化”和“体育文化”定义的求索[J].贵州师范大学学报(社会科学版),2003,(6):74
[9]易剑东.体育文化学[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2006.33-34
[10]闫学荣,董德龙.重庆民族传统体育文化传承研究[J].军事体育进修学院学报,2007,26(1):96-99
[11]陈立华.东北少数民族传统体育文化的传承[J].大连民族学院学报,2003,5(2):84-85
[12]周永志、邱志钊.浅议学校民族传统体育文化的传承[J].辽宁教育行政学院学报,2006,23(8):26-27
[13]陈婕.民族传统体育文化的传承方式和途径[J].体育文化导刊,2002,(5):42-43
[14]宋卫.论中国民族传统体育文化的传承系统[J].体育文化导刊,2007,(8):29-31
[15]杨芳,雷少华.对网球运动的社会文化审视[J].体育与科学,2005,26(2):71-80
[16]冷迎辉,陈昱.试论网球文化与网球教学中大学生品德行为修养的培养[J].南京体育学院学报,2005,19(5):86-88
[17]梁高亮,刘轶.网球文化的一些思考[J].西北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2007,43(1):114-117
[18]李华,肖平.网球文化与大学生思想道德教育[J].吉林体育学院学报,2006,22(4):22-23
铩颷19]王慧林,阎伟.体育传播学概论[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2005.31
[20]威尔伯·施拉姆.传播学概论[M].北京:新华出版社,1984.144
[21]周鸿铎.文化传播学通论[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,2005.27
[22]薛岚,董大肆.论球类运动的文化属性[J].体育科学,2006,26(12):20
[23]陶志翔.网球运动教程[M]北京:高等教育出版社,2003,33-34
[24]易剑东.体育文化学[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2006,160
[25]张锋.网球运动发展历史分期问题初探[G].成都市网球协会,2003
[26]庄晓东.文化传播:历史、理论与现实[M].北京:人民出版社,2003,41
[27]章昭岗,等著.人文体育-体育演绎的文化[M].北京:中国海关出版社,2002,114
[28]钱来,邹玉玲.论“鹰眼”对网球运动发展的影响[J].广州体育学院学报,2007,27(3):101-102
[29]杨芳,雷少华.对网球运动的社会文化审视[J].体育与科学,2005,26(2):72
[30 荣礴,韩湘平,晏金梅.中国大众网球运动现状与发展对策研究[J]山西师大体育学院学报,2007,22(1):66
[31]薛岚,董大肆.论球类运动的文化属性[J].体育科学,2006,26(12):21
[32]Kleinman S.Physical Education and Sport as Art,not Science.as JPhyEdu Q(TPE).1989.12(2).68-74
[33]潘晟,王全法,翁彦康。如何欣赏高水平网球比赛[J].苏州大学学报(工科版),2002,22(6):152
[34]谢苍霖.绰号的名号属性和语词特点[J]江西教育学院学报(社会科学),2003,24(5):100
[35]周鸿铎.文化传播学通论[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,2005.113
[36]易剑东.体育文化学[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2006.119
[37]王慧林,阎伟.体育传播学概论[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2005.32
[38]童昭岗,孙麒麟,周宁.人文体育-体育演绎的文化[M].北京:中国海关出版社,2002:82-90
[39]朱征宇,孙贵英.我国排球甲A联赛竞赛制度的研究[J].广州体育学院,2004,24(4):63
铩颷40]俞继英.奥林匹克网球[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2006,260
[41]陶志翔.网球运动教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2003,2
[42]Polly.Davey,Rodd.Thorpe and Clyde Williams.Fatigue decrease skilledtennis performance[J]Journal of sport science,2002:20,311-318
[43]刘建.竞赛规则演变的外部动因与发展趋势[J].成都体育学院学报,2002,28(2):64
[2]金赛英.论篮球运动的文化内涵[J].北京体育大学,2004,27(3):309
[3]陈华文.文化学概论[M].上海:上海文艺出版社,2001.8-9
[4]马尔库塞.爱欲与文明[M]上海:上海译文出版社,1987.18
[5]周鸿铎.文化传播学通论[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,2005.39
[6]程志理.体育文化初探[J].上海体育学院学报,1987,(3):15
[7]蓝惠玲.运动文化的分析[J].奥林匹克季刊,1994,(28):14-17
[8]冯胜刚.对“文化”和“体育文化”定义的求索[J].贵州师范大学学报(社会科学版),2003,(6):74
[9]易剑东.体育文化学[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2006.33-34
[10]闫学荣,董德龙.重庆民族传统体育文化传承研究[J].军事体育进修学院学报,2007,26(1):96-99
[11]陈立华.东北少数民族传统体育文化的传承[J].大连民族学院学报,2003,5(2):84-85
[12]周永志、邱志钊.浅议学校民族传统体育文化的传承[J].辽宁教育行政学院学报,2006,23(8):26-27
[13]陈婕.民族传统体育文化的传承方式和途径[J].体育文化导刊,2002,(5):42-43
[14]宋卫.论中国民族传统体育文化的传承系统[J].体育文化导刊,2007,(8):29-31
[15]杨芳,雷少华.对网球运动的社会文化审视[J].体育与科学,2005,26(2):71-80
[16]冷迎辉,陈昱.试论网球文化与网球教学中大学生品德行为修养的培养[J].南京体育学院学报,2005,19(5):86-88
[17]梁高亮,刘轶.网球文化的一些思考[J].西北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2007,43(1):114-117
[18]李华,肖平.网球文化与大学生思想道德教育[J].吉林体育学院学报,2006,22(4):22-23
铩颷19]王慧林,阎伟.体育传播学概论[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2005.31
[20]威尔伯·施拉姆.传播学概论[M].北京:新华出版社,1984.144
[21]周鸿铎.文化传播学通论[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,2005.27
[22]薛岚,董大肆.论球类运动的文化属性[J].体育科学,2006,26(12):20
[23]陶志翔.网球运动教程[M]北京:高等教育出版社,2003,33-34
[24]易剑东.体育文化学[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2006,160
[25]张锋.网球运动发展历史分期问题初探[G].成都市网球协会,2003
[26]庄晓东.文化传播:历史、理论与现实[M].北京:人民出版社,2003,41
[27]章昭岗,等著.人文体育-体育演绎的文化[M].北京:中国海关出版社,2002,114
[28]钱来,邹玉玲.论“鹰眼”对网球运动发展的影响[J].广州体育学院学报,2007,27(3):101-102
[29]杨芳,雷少华.对网球运动的社会文化审视[J].体育与科学,2005,26(2):72
[30 荣礴,韩湘平,晏金梅.中国大众网球运动现状与发展对策研究[J]山西师大体育学院学报,2007,22(1):66
[31]薛岚,董大肆.论球类运动的文化属性[J].体育科学,2006,26(12):21
[32]Kleinman S.Physical Education and Sport as Art,not Science.as JPhyEdu Q(TPE).1989.12(2).68-74
[33]潘晟,王全法,翁彦康。如何欣赏高水平网球比赛[J].苏州大学学报(工科版),2002,22(6):152
[34]谢苍霖.绰号的名号属性和语词特点[J]江西教育学院学报(社会科学),2003,24(5):100
[35]周鸿铎.文化传播学通论[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,2005.113
[36]易剑东.体育文化学[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2006.119
[37]王慧林,阎伟.体育传播学概论[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2005.32
[38]童昭岗,孙麒麟,周宁.人文体育-体育演绎的文化[M].北京:中国海关出版社,2002:82-90
[39]朱征宇,孙贵英.我国排球甲A联赛竞赛制度的研究[J].广州体育学院,2004,24(4):63
铩颷40]俞继英.奥林匹克网球[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2006,260
[41]陶志翔.网球运动教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2003,2
[42]Polly.Davey,Rodd.Thorpe and Clyde Williams.Fatigue decrease skilledtennis performance[J]Journal of sport science,2002:20,311-318
[43]刘建.竞赛规则演变的外部动因与发展趋势[J].成都体育学院学报,2002,28(2):64