转子碰摩故障的计算机仿真与实验研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
现代旋转机械在运行过程中,经常会发生动静件之间的碰摩故障。如果不及时将其发现,将导致各种严重的后果。为了诊断出是否有碰摩现象发生,对该现象进行充分的理论与实验研究是十分必要的。本文正是基于这一问题,对转子系统的碰摩现象进行了理论分析、仿真和实验研究。
     本文在对碰摩现象进行理论研究时,首先建立了它的数学模型,接着利用谐波平衡法对该数学模型所对应的非线性方程组进行了求解,得到了相应的近似周期解。在此基础上,利用有限元方法对转子系统进行了分析与研究,建立了该系统各个组成部分的有限元模型。在计算机仿真研究中,本文采用了一种新型的面向对象的仿真软件Dymola,利用已经建好的有限元模型,编制各部分的程序模块,进行相应的仿真,得到了一系列的仿真波形图。完成仿真研究后,本文对碰摩现象进行了实验研究。在研究过程中,本文设计了一个转子碰摩实验系统。结果表明,该系统具有良好的远程控制的性能。实验研究完成后,将所获得的实验结果与仿真结果进行比较,得到了有关碰摩现象的一些结论。最后,本文对今后研究工作的重点进行了展望。
During the operation of rotary machinery, the fault of rub between rotor and stator often happens. If the fault is not detected in time, it would lead to many serious consequences. To diagnose whether the phenomena of rub happens or not, it is very important to do sufficient theoretical and experimental research on rub. Based on this question, theoretical analysis, computer simulation and experimental study on the rub of the rotor system are adopted in this dissertation.
    The mathematical model of rub has been built while theoretical research begins, then approximate periodic solutions for nonlinear equations of the model has been worked out by using the harmonic balance method . The rotor system is studied and analyzed by using the finite-element method, so the finite-element models of the whole rotor system are built. During the study of computer simulation, a new object-oriented simulation software Dymola is used to program code module about the rotor system. Simulation begins by using the finite-element models, a series of simulation figures are achieved. After simulation, experimental study begins. During the course of experiment, an experimental system for the research of rotor rub is designed. The experimental results show that the system has a good characteristic of remote control. After the experiment, being compared the experimental results with simulation results, some conclusions about rub are drawn. The key research works for further study are proposed at last.
引文
[1] 张新海.机械故障诊断技术及其应用[J].矿业研究与开发,1995,15(3):132~137.
    [2] 吴水祥,潘东青,项文蔚等.旋转机械状态监测和故障诊断技术的应用[J].上海汽轮机,1994,2:40~45.
    [3] 张正松,傅尚新,冯冠平编著.旋转机械振动监测及故障诊断[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1991.
    [4] 马建仓,林其敖,葛文杰.机械故障诊断学科的现状及发展[J].机械科学与技术,1994,2:85~90.
    [5] 谭青.旋转机械故障诊断的状态识别[J].南昌高专学报,1998,3:24~26.
    [6] 闻邦椿等著.高等转子动力学—理论、技术与应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1999,8.
    [7] 邹新元 卢绪祥 姜华等 转子系统碰摩故障的仿真及模拟实验研究[J].湖南电力,2001,21(1):5~8.
    [8] 张志禹,顾家柳,王月玲等 碰摩转子系统振动响应的频率特征研究[J].机械科学与技术,2002,21(1):102~107.
    [9] 臧朝平,张思,许尚贤等.转子局部碰摩故障的诊断方法[J].中国电机工程学报,1994,14(4):50~56.
    [10] Ehrich FF. Observation of subcritical superharmonic and chaotic response in rotor dynamics[J]. ASME Journal of vibration, Acoustics, Stress and Reliability in Design, 1992(114): 93-100.
    [11] Ehrich FF. Nonlinear phenomena in dynamic response of rotor in anisotropic mounting system[J]. ASME Journal of Mechanical Design, 1995(117B): 154~161.
    [12] Goldman P, Muszynska A. Chaotic behavior of rotor/stator systems with rubs[J]. ASME Journal Engineering for gas Turbine and Power, 1994(116): 692~701.
    [13] S. Edwards, A. W. LEESAND M.I.FRISWELL. The Influence of torsion on rotor/stator contact in rotating machinery[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 1999, 225(4): 767~778.
    [14] Choy F K, Padovan J, Baturc Rub Interactions of flexible casing rotor systems[J]. Journal of Engineering for gas Turbine and Power, 1989(111): 652~658.
    [15] Lin F, SchoenMP. Numerical investigation with rub-related vibration in rotating machinery[J]. Journal of Vibration and control, 2001,7: 833~848.
    [16] Adams ML, Abu-Mahfouz I A. Exploratory research on chaos concepts a diagnosis tools for assessing rotating machinery vibration signatures[c]. Proceedings of the fourth international conference on rotor dynamics, Chicago, 1994.
    [17] Black H F. Interaction of a whirling rotor with a vibration stator across a clearance
    
    annulus[J]. Journal of Engineering Science, 1968, 10(1).
    [18] 褚福磊,张正松,冯冠平.碰摩转子系统的混沌特性[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),1996,36(7):52~57.
    [19] 刘元峰,赵玫,朱厚军.转子有碰摩和支承松动故障时的非线性特性研究[J].非线性动力学报,2002,9(1~2):43~48.
    [20] 朱萍玉,陈安华,刘德顺等.径向碰摩转子的拟周期运动研究[J].湘潭矿业学院学报,2001,16(3):65~67.
    [21] 季进臣,虞烈.高速对称刚性转子碰摩运动的稳定性分析[J].航空动力学报,1999,14(1):65~68.
    [22] 张韬,孟光.具有初始弯曲和刚度不对称的转子碰摩现象分析[J].上海交通大学学报,2002,36(6):844~848.
    [23] 何成兵,杨昆,顾煜炯.质量偏心对碰摩转子弯振和扭振特性的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(7):105~110.
    [24] 王立平,郑浩峻,李铁民.转子碰摩故障非线性特征的实验研究[J].汽轮机技术,2002,44(2):101~103.
    [25] 刘耀宗,胡茑庆.Jeffcott转子碰摩故障试验研究[J].振动工程学报,2001,14(1):96~99.
    [26] 刘延柱,陈立群著.非线性振动[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001,8.
    [27] 曹建福等著.非线性系统理论及应用[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2001.
    [28] 闻邦椿,李以农,韩清凯编著.非线性振动理论中的解析方法及工程应用[M].沈阳:东北大学出版社,2001,10.
    [29] 何江华著.计算机仿真导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
    [30] 康凤举著.现代仿真技术与应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2001,9.
    [31] Claus Bendtsen, Per Grove Thomsen. Numerical Solution of Differential Algebraic Equations, Technical Report, 1999, 8.
    [32] 钟一谔,何衍宗,王正等著.转子动力学[M] 北京:清华大学出版社,1987.
    [33] 汪国梁著,单相串激电动机[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社,1980.
    [34] Ola Blom. Multi-domain Analysis In Rotordynamics, Master Thesis at Linkopings Universitet 2002.
    [35] 王素红.利用电涡流传感器测量位移[J].大学物理实验,2000,13(1):18~19.
    [36] 黄长艺,严普强.机械工程测试技术基础[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1996.
    [37] 王立新.基于IGBT的PWM大功率直流伺服驱动[J].电讯技术,1996,36(5):49~54.
    [38] 王可恕.绝缘栅极晶体管(IGBT)[J].国外电子元器件,1995,(7):35~42.
    [39] 钱文明,曹彬.IGBT驱动与保护电路的设计原理与应用研究[J].电焊机,1995(6):1~6
    
    
    [40] 李兴玮,叶磊,黄柯棣.基于MATLAB/xPC Target构建实时仿真系统[J].计算机仿真,2003,20(8):113~114.
    [41] 张延华.面向多学科的新一代程序设计语言—MATLAB5.1概述[J] 计算机应用研究 1998(6):4~8.
    [42] 楼顺天,于卫编著.基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计——控制系统[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1998,9.
    [43] 李嗣福.计算机控制基础[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2001.
    [44] 刘明俊,杨壮志,张拥军,郭鸿武.计算机控制原理与技术[M].长沙:国防科技大学出版社,2001.
    [45] 黄俊,王兆安.电力电子变流技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1999,12.
    [46] 张明岩.交流调速PWM调制谐波消除技术[J].电机电器技术,1999,(1):30~34.
    [47] 丁玉美,高西全.数字信号处理[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2001.

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700