改性活性炭吸附室内甲醛影响因素研究
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摘要
随着室内装修的普及和密闭程度的增加,室内空气污染越来越严重。特别是甲醛气体,环境浓度普遍超标。室内甲醛气体的污染及治理受到广泛关注。
本论文的研究内容是“活性炭吸附甲醛气体影响因素研究”。研究目的是通过模拟实验,比较不同条件下活性炭吸附甲醛气体的效果。寻求最佳的吸附条件。为活性炭治理室内甲醛气体的市场化奠定理论基础。
研究方法:在密闭的实验箱内,释放一定量的甲醛气体,形成含有一定浓度甲醛气体的空气环境,在环境中放入不同性质的活性炭,通过测定实验箱中甲醛气体浓度的变化,比较不同条件下活性炭的吸附性能。
通过试验研究得出以下结论:
一、普通活性炭研究
1、活性炭对室内甲醛气体具有良好的去除效率,可使实验箱内甲醛气体浓度达标。
2、在同一空间中,颗粒活性炭的投加量越多,环境中甲醛气体的去除率越高。吸附达到饱和时间为4-5h,饱和后有甲醛脱吸现象。
3、颗粒活性炭吸附甲醛气体的速率优于粉末活性炭,但最终甲醛的去除效果差别不大。适当减小活性炭的粒径可以推迟穿透时间,避免脱吸现象。
二、改性活性炭研究
1、活性炭通过改性可以提高吸附性能,同时在实验的时间断内,没有甲醛脱吸问题。
2、增加改性活性炭的用量,可以提高室内甲醛的去除率,但影响较小。吸附饱和时间为2-4h。
3、在本实验条件下,最佳的改性条件为:活性炭在药液中的浸渍时间为1h;活性炭改性后干燥时间为2-4h。
With the popularization of the indoor decoration and the increasing degree of indoor airtight , the air pollution interior is more and more serious. Especially the density of formaldehyde gas in the environment universally exceeds the standard.It has been paid attention to about the pollution and the disposal of indoor HCHO gas.
The purpose of this paper is comparing the effect of adsorbing HCHO gas by the activated charcoal with different conditions through the simulation test. Then seeks for the best adsorption conditions. Establish the theoretical foundation for the marketization of disposaling indoor HCHO gas with the activated charcoal.
Research technique: In the airtight experiment-box, releases HCHO gas into the box, forms the air environment with certain density HCHO gas, puts the activated charcoal which has different conditions into the box, through measuring the density change of HCHO indoor, compares the adsorption performance of the activated charcoal with different conditions. Through the experimental study, draws following conclusion:
First, studies of the ordinary activated charcoal:
1, There are good disposaling rates that adsorb the indoor HCHO gas with the activated charcoal, then the indoor HCHO gas density can be got the standard.
2, in the same space, when the pellet activated charcoal is used more, the HCHO gas elimination rate is more higher.It is about 4-5h to get the saturation state of the adsorption. After saturated,there has phenomenon of the HCHO gas analyzing from the activated charcoal
3, The speed of adsorbing HCHO by pellet activated charcoal is better than the powder’s, but the final effection is not too difference. the penetration time possibly can be postponed ,if suitably reduces the particle size of the activated charcoal, and the analyzing will be postponed too.
Second, studies of the modified activated charcoal
1, The activated charcoal may enhance the adsorption performance through the modification, and the analyzing question can be solved.
2, Increasing modified activated charcoal may enhance the disposaling rate of the indoor HCHO, but the effection is small. The saturated adsorption time is 2-4h.
3, In this research, the best modified condition is: The time that the activated charcoal soak in the solution is 1h; The activated charcoal drying time after modified is 2-4h.
本论文的研究内容是“活性炭吸附甲醛气体影响因素研究”。研究目的是通过模拟实验,比较不同条件下活性炭吸附甲醛气体的效果。寻求最佳的吸附条件。为活性炭治理室内甲醛气体的市场化奠定理论基础。
研究方法:在密闭的实验箱内,释放一定量的甲醛气体,形成含有一定浓度甲醛气体的空气环境,在环境中放入不同性质的活性炭,通过测定实验箱中甲醛气体浓度的变化,比较不同条件下活性炭的吸附性能。
通过试验研究得出以下结论:
一、普通活性炭研究
1、活性炭对室内甲醛气体具有良好的去除效率,可使实验箱内甲醛气体浓度达标。
2、在同一空间中,颗粒活性炭的投加量越多,环境中甲醛气体的去除率越高。吸附达到饱和时间为4-5h,饱和后有甲醛脱吸现象。
3、颗粒活性炭吸附甲醛气体的速率优于粉末活性炭,但最终甲醛的去除效果差别不大。适当减小活性炭的粒径可以推迟穿透时间,避免脱吸现象。
二、改性活性炭研究
1、活性炭通过改性可以提高吸附性能,同时在实验的时间断内,没有甲醛脱吸问题。
2、增加改性活性炭的用量,可以提高室内甲醛的去除率,但影响较小。吸附饱和时间为2-4h。
3、在本实验条件下,最佳的改性条件为:活性炭在药液中的浸渍时间为1h;活性炭改性后干燥时间为2-4h。
With the popularization of the indoor decoration and the increasing degree of indoor airtight , the air pollution interior is more and more serious. Especially the density of formaldehyde gas in the environment universally exceeds the standard.It has been paid attention to about the pollution and the disposal of indoor HCHO gas.
The purpose of this paper is comparing the effect of adsorbing HCHO gas by the activated charcoal with different conditions through the simulation test. Then seeks for the best adsorption conditions. Establish the theoretical foundation for the marketization of disposaling indoor HCHO gas with the activated charcoal.
Research technique: In the airtight experiment-box, releases HCHO gas into the box, forms the air environment with certain density HCHO gas, puts the activated charcoal which has different conditions into the box, through measuring the density change of HCHO indoor, compares the adsorption performance of the activated charcoal with different conditions. Through the experimental study, draws following conclusion:
First, studies of the ordinary activated charcoal:
1, There are good disposaling rates that adsorb the indoor HCHO gas with the activated charcoal, then the indoor HCHO gas density can be got the standard.
2, in the same space, when the pellet activated charcoal is used more, the HCHO gas elimination rate is more higher.It is about 4-5h to get the saturation state of the adsorption. After saturated,there has phenomenon of the HCHO gas analyzing from the activated charcoal
3, The speed of adsorbing HCHO by pellet activated charcoal is better than the powder’s, but the final effection is not too difference. the penetration time possibly can be postponed ,if suitably reduces the particle size of the activated charcoal, and the analyzing will be postponed too.
Second, studies of the modified activated charcoal
1, The activated charcoal may enhance the adsorption performance through the modification, and the analyzing question can be solved.
2, Increasing modified activated charcoal may enhance the disposaling rate of the indoor HCHO, but the effection is small. The saturated adsorption time is 2-4h.
3, In this research, the best modified condition is: The time that the activated charcoal soak in the solution is 1h; The activated charcoal drying time after modified is 2-4h.
引文
[1] 王淑勤,樊学娟等.改性活性炭治理室内空气中甲醛的实验研究[J].环境科学与技术, Vol.29, No.8,2006.pp.
[2] 文育峰,姚应水,王金权等.甲醛对小鼠免疫系统的影响[J].皖南医学院学报.Vol.20(3):166-167,2001.pp.
[3] 吴珉,张旭建,丁黄达等.室内甲醛污染及防治[J].污染防治技术,,Vol.15, No.4,46-47, 2002.pp.
[4] 宫菁,刘敏.甲醛污染对人体健康影响及控制[J].环境与健康杂志.Vol.18,No.6:4-14.2001.pp.
[5] 杨玉花,袭著革,晁福寰.甲醛污染与人体健康研究进展[J]. 解放军预防医学杂志, Vol.23 ,No. 1:68-69, 2005.pp.
[6] 田世爱,于自强,张宏. 室内甲醛污染状况调查及防治措施[J]. 洁净与空调技术,Vol.24 ,No.1:41-44,2005.pp.
[7] 黄伟,贾艳秋,孙盛凯.活性炭及其改性研究进展[J].化学工业与工程技术,Vol.27, No.5,2005.pp.
[8] 潘晓英,陆哉堂. 室内空气污染现状及其防治对策[J]. 污染防治技术, Vol.16 ,No.1:31-33,2003.pp
[9] 李 晶 平 , 陆 慧 宁 , 鲁 统 部 . 甲 醛 毒 性 及 其 常 用 检 测 方 法 [J]. 广 州 化 工Vol.34 ,No.1:51-53,2006.pp.
[10]尹维东,刘来红,乔惠贤等.室内空气污染物的净化[J].环境污染治理技术与设备.Vol.3 ,No.2:53-55,2002.pp.
[11] 王琨,李文朴,欧阳红等. 室内空气污染及其控制措施的比较研究[J]. 哈尔滨工业大学学报, Vol.36,No.4:493-496,2004.pp.
[12] 刘洪亮,侯常春,马蔚等.臭氧空气净化器对甲醛、苯净化效果的实验研究[J].环境与健康杂志.Vol.19, No.1:53-54,2002.pp.
[13] Sekine Y. Oxidative decomposition of formaldehyde by metal oxides at room temperature[J]. Atomospheric Environment,Vol.36:5543-5547,2002.pp.
[14] 林松.室内装修污染现状分析及治理措施[C].中国环境保护优秀论文集(下册).北京:中国环境科学出版社,2005。
[15] Virote B,Srisuda S,Wiwut T.Preparation of activated carbon from coffee residue for the adsorption of formaldehyde [J].Separation Purification Technology,Vol.42:159-168, 2005.pp.
[16] Sekine Y,Nishimura A. Removal of formaldehyde from indoor air by passive type air-cleaning materials atmospheric environment[J]. Atomospheric Environment,Vol.35:2001-2007, 2001.pp.
[17] Sekine Y,Oikawa D,Butsugan M. Determination of uptake rate of sensitive diffusion sampler for formaldehyde in air[J].Applied Surface Science,Vol.235:14-17,2004.pp.
[18] 谢洪柱,吴自强,谢红艳. 天然甲醛消除剂的研究.《化工科技市场》, No.12,2005.pp.
[19] 周纯良,吴传业,黄涛等.甲醛消除灵消除甲醛效果的实验研究[J].环境与健康杂志.Vol.21 ,No.1:56-57,2004.pp.
[20] 马利霞.室内装修污染及治理[J].山西化工.Vol.26 ,No.5:71-72,2006.pp.
[21] 吴忠标,赵伟荣.室内空气污染及净化技术[J].化学工业出版社.,Vol.10 No.4:25-30,2004.pp.
[22] Virote Boonamnuayvitaya,Srisuda Sae-ung,Wiwut Tanthapanichakoon. Preparation of activated carbons from coffee residue for the adsorption of formaldehyde. Separation and Purification Technology Vol.42159–168,2005.pp.
[23] 蔡健,胡将军,张雁. 改性活性炭纤维对甲醛吸附性能的研究[J]. 环境科学与技术, Vol.27, No.3,2004.pp.
[24] 王淑勤,樊学娟等.改性活性炭治理室内空气中甲醛的实验研究.环境科学与技术, Vol.29, No.8,2006.pp.
[25] 黄伟,贾艳秋,孙盛凯.活性炭及其改性研究进展.化学工业与工程技术,Vol.27, No.5,2005.pp.
[26] Blazewicz S, Swiatkowski A,Trznadel B J. The influence of heat treatment on activated carbon structure and porosity[J] .Carbon,Vol.37:693-700,1999.pp.
[27] Rong H Q,Ryu Z Y,Zheng J T,et al. Influence of heat treatment of rayon-based activated carbon fibers on the adsorption of formaldehyde[J]. Colloid and Interface Science,Vol.261:207-212,2003. pp.
[28] 荣海琴, 吕永根, 吴琪琳等.活性碳纤维对甲醛吸附转化性能的研究. 研究论文, 合成纤维,SFC 2006 No.6,2006.pp.
[29] Seiki Tanada,Naohito Kawasaki, Takeo Nakamura, Mamiko Araki, and Masahiko Isomura. Removal of Formaldehyde by Activated CarbonsContaining Amino Groups. [J] Journal of Colloid and Interface Science Vol.214, 106–108 (1999).Article ID jcis.1999.pp.6176
[30] Shimizu Taeko,Matsui Keiko,Kitayama Ichiro,et al.Development of aldehyde capture material to cabin air filter[J].Matsuda Giho.Vol.18(1):104-111,2000 .pp.
[2] 文育峰,姚应水,王金权等.甲醛对小鼠免疫系统的影响[J].皖南医学院学报.Vol.20(3):166-167,2001.pp.
[3] 吴珉,张旭建,丁黄达等.室内甲醛污染及防治[J].污染防治技术,,Vol.15, No.4,46-47, 2002.pp.
[4] 宫菁,刘敏.甲醛污染对人体健康影响及控制[J].环境与健康杂志.Vol.18,No.6:4-14.2001.pp.
[5] 杨玉花,袭著革,晁福寰.甲醛污染与人体健康研究进展[J]. 解放军预防医学杂志, Vol.23 ,No. 1:68-69, 2005.pp.
[6] 田世爱,于自强,张宏. 室内甲醛污染状况调查及防治措施[J]. 洁净与空调技术,Vol.24 ,No.1:41-44,2005.pp.
[7] 黄伟,贾艳秋,孙盛凯.活性炭及其改性研究进展[J].化学工业与工程技术,Vol.27, No.5,2005.pp.
[8] 潘晓英,陆哉堂. 室内空气污染现状及其防治对策[J]. 污染防治技术, Vol.16 ,No.1:31-33,2003.pp
[9] 李 晶 平 , 陆 慧 宁 , 鲁 统 部 . 甲 醛 毒 性 及 其 常 用 检 测 方 法 [J]. 广 州 化 工Vol.34 ,No.1:51-53,2006.pp.
[10]尹维东,刘来红,乔惠贤等.室内空气污染物的净化[J].环境污染治理技术与设备.Vol.3 ,No.2:53-55,2002.pp.
[11] 王琨,李文朴,欧阳红等. 室内空气污染及其控制措施的比较研究[J]. 哈尔滨工业大学学报, Vol.36,No.4:493-496,2004.pp.
[12] 刘洪亮,侯常春,马蔚等.臭氧空气净化器对甲醛、苯净化效果的实验研究[J].环境与健康杂志.Vol.19, No.1:53-54,2002.pp.
[13] Sekine Y. Oxidative decomposition of formaldehyde by metal oxides at room temperature[J]. Atomospheric Environment,Vol.36:5543-5547,2002.pp.
[14] 林松.室内装修污染现状分析及治理措施[C].中国环境保护优秀论文集(下册).北京:中国环境科学出版社,2005。
[15] Virote B,Srisuda S,Wiwut T.Preparation of activated carbon from coffee residue for the adsorption of formaldehyde [J].Separation Purification Technology,Vol.42:159-168, 2005.pp.
[16] Sekine Y,Nishimura A. Removal of formaldehyde from indoor air by passive type air-cleaning materials atmospheric environment[J]. Atomospheric Environment,Vol.35:2001-2007, 2001.pp.
[17] Sekine Y,Oikawa D,Butsugan M. Determination of uptake rate of sensitive diffusion sampler for formaldehyde in air[J].Applied Surface Science,Vol.235:14-17,2004.pp.
[18] 谢洪柱,吴自强,谢红艳. 天然甲醛消除剂的研究.《化工科技市场》, No.12,2005.pp.
[19] 周纯良,吴传业,黄涛等.甲醛消除灵消除甲醛效果的实验研究[J].环境与健康杂志.Vol.21 ,No.1:56-57,2004.pp.
[20] 马利霞.室内装修污染及治理[J].山西化工.Vol.26 ,No.5:71-72,2006.pp.
[21] 吴忠标,赵伟荣.室内空气污染及净化技术[J].化学工业出版社.,Vol.10 No.4:25-30,2004.pp.
[22] Virote Boonamnuayvitaya,Srisuda Sae-ung,Wiwut Tanthapanichakoon. Preparation of activated carbons from coffee residue for the adsorption of formaldehyde. Separation and Purification Technology Vol.42159–168,2005.pp.
[23] 蔡健,胡将军,张雁. 改性活性炭纤维对甲醛吸附性能的研究[J]. 环境科学与技术, Vol.27, No.3,2004.pp.
[24] 王淑勤,樊学娟等.改性活性炭治理室内空气中甲醛的实验研究.环境科学与技术, Vol.29, No.8,2006.pp.
[25] 黄伟,贾艳秋,孙盛凯.活性炭及其改性研究进展.化学工业与工程技术,Vol.27, No.5,2005.pp.
[26] Blazewicz S, Swiatkowski A,Trznadel B J. The influence of heat treatment on activated carbon structure and porosity[J] .Carbon,Vol.37:693-700,1999.pp.
[27] Rong H Q,Ryu Z Y,Zheng J T,et al. Influence of heat treatment of rayon-based activated carbon fibers on the adsorption of formaldehyde[J]. Colloid and Interface Science,Vol.261:207-212,2003. pp.
[28] 荣海琴, 吕永根, 吴琪琳等.活性碳纤维对甲醛吸附转化性能的研究. 研究论文, 合成纤维,SFC 2006 No.6,2006.pp.
[29] Seiki Tanada,Naohito Kawasaki, Takeo Nakamura, Mamiko Araki, and Masahiko Isomura. Removal of Formaldehyde by Activated CarbonsContaining Amino Groups. [J] Journal of Colloid and Interface Science Vol.214, 106–108 (1999).Article ID jcis.1999.pp.6176
[30] Shimizu Taeko,Matsui Keiko,Kitayama Ichiro,et al.Development of aldehyde capture material to cabin air filter[J].Matsuda Giho.Vol.18(1):104-111,2000 .pp.