光纤放大器的分析与研究
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摘要
随着人们对通信速率和通信容量的急速增长,光纤通信技术得到了长足的发展,波分密集复用技术也得到了广泛应用。光放大器是光纤通信系统中的重要组成部分,因此,其高性能的技术变革也变得迫在眉睫。目前掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA)技术比较成熟,具有较高的增益效率,但其频率带宽不够宽泛等不足之处恰恰是拉曼光放大器(FRA)所拥有的特点。所以,随着科学技术的日新月异地发展,两种光放大器的增益平坦度都进行了很大程度上的改善,甚至出现了在以掺铒放大器结构基础上做些适当改变,组成混合式光纤放大器来做到性能上的取长补短。本文以改善掺铒和拉曼光纤放大器增益平坦性为主要研究对象,进行了工作如下:
1.简要概述了光纤通信的基础知识和密集型光波复用技术,通过对这项技术的原理、组成和特点的介绍来引出了光纤放大器。
2.论述掺铒光纤放大器的基本原理、结构和特性,讨论了EDFA的放大增益、输出功率、增益带宽、噪声失真等特性。
3.论文提出了利用插入光纤滤波器(GFF)方式进行掺铒光放大器的增益平坦性改进方法,采用计算机仿真实验,得出了理想的结论。
4.分析了拉曼光放大器的工作原理和自身存在的优点,提出了多泵浦拉曼光放大器的设想。
5.利用不同的泵浦数目(最多做到12个)对多泵浦拉曼光放大器增益平坦性进行了仿真实验。验证泵浦数目与增益平坦性的关系。
6.根据当前实用光纤放大器存在的问题,论文提出采用混合式(FRA-EDFA)光纤放大器的概念,并进行了理论分析和实用的可能性。
As with more and more demand for high speed and large capacity of communication syatem,the technology of optical communication is improved greatly.Optical amplifier has been applied widely.Optical amplifier is one of most important components of optical fiber communication system and it needs new techniques.EDFA,which is widely used now,has been high gain,but its lack of bandwidth which is just the specialty of Roman amplifier.So that,since science changes quickly, improvement of EDFA and FRA can make it has better capability, and gain flattening.Recently,even hybrid optical amplifier comes out,it is based on EDFA and FRA configuration improvement properly, learn from others's strong points to offset its weakness.Reforming gain flattening of EDFA and FRA have been researched as the main subjects in this thesis.And the main contents are listed as follows:
Firstly,we summarize the optical communication basic knowledge and DWDM technology, explanation of optical amplifier starts after the introduction of DWDM,which includes its theory,constitute and characteristic.
Secondly,the basic theory and function of EDFA are detailed. Then,such as amplified gain ,output power,gain bandwith property,noise property and so on are discussed.
Thirdly,advance insert fiber filter (GFF)way to reforme gain flattening of EDFA,PC simulation test is used to get perfect conclusion.
Fourthly, discuss principle of FRA,analyse advantage and disadvantage itself.bring out assume of muti-pumped fiber Raman amplifiers.
Fifthly, muti-pumped fiber Raman amplifiers simulation practice is carried out to prove the relation between gain flattening of FRA and pumped amount.
Sixth,according to the problem of current practicality optical amplifier, author advances conception of hybrid optical amplifier,and theory and feasibility of application is analized.
1.简要概述了光纤通信的基础知识和密集型光波复用技术,通过对这项技术的原理、组成和特点的介绍来引出了光纤放大器。
2.论述掺铒光纤放大器的基本原理、结构和特性,讨论了EDFA的放大增益、输出功率、增益带宽、噪声失真等特性。
3.论文提出了利用插入光纤滤波器(GFF)方式进行掺铒光放大器的增益平坦性改进方法,采用计算机仿真实验,得出了理想的结论。
4.分析了拉曼光放大器的工作原理和自身存在的优点,提出了多泵浦拉曼光放大器的设想。
5.利用不同的泵浦数目(最多做到12个)对多泵浦拉曼光放大器增益平坦性进行了仿真实验。验证泵浦数目与增益平坦性的关系。
6.根据当前实用光纤放大器存在的问题,论文提出采用混合式(FRA-EDFA)光纤放大器的概念,并进行了理论分析和实用的可能性。
As with more and more demand for high speed and large capacity of communication syatem,the technology of optical communication is improved greatly.Optical amplifier has been applied widely.Optical amplifier is one of most important components of optical fiber communication system and it needs new techniques.EDFA,which is widely used now,has been high gain,but its lack of bandwidth which is just the specialty of Roman amplifier.So that,since science changes quickly, improvement of EDFA and FRA can make it has better capability, and gain flattening.Recently,even hybrid optical amplifier comes out,it is based on EDFA and FRA configuration improvement properly, learn from others's strong points to offset its weakness.Reforming gain flattening of EDFA and FRA have been researched as the main subjects in this thesis.And the main contents are listed as follows:
Firstly,we summarize the optical communication basic knowledge and DWDM technology, explanation of optical amplifier starts after the introduction of DWDM,which includes its theory,constitute and characteristic.
Secondly,the basic theory and function of EDFA are detailed. Then,such as amplified gain ,output power,gain bandwith property,noise property and so on are discussed.
Thirdly,advance insert fiber filter (GFF)way to reforme gain flattening of EDFA,PC simulation test is used to get perfect conclusion.
Fourthly, discuss principle of FRA,analyse advantage and disadvantage itself.bring out assume of muti-pumped fiber Raman amplifiers.
Fifthly, muti-pumped fiber Raman amplifiers simulation practice is carried out to prove the relation between gain flattening of FRA and pumped amount.
Sixth,according to the problem of current practicality optical amplifier, author advances conception of hybrid optical amplifier,and theory and feasibility of application is analized.
引文
[1]王勇光纤通信基础知识美德(四川)电气有限公司
[2]纪越峰,《光波复用技术》北京邮电大学出版社1999
[3]黄学达,王典洪,雷非,陈分雄《光通信中EDFA的工作原理和发展趋势》,中国地质大学,烽火通信科技股份有限公司
[4]丁炜EDFA光线放大器原理及应用济南历泰信息科技有限公司,2005
[5]曹毅,《光网络中掺铒光纤放大器增益平坦性研究》2011
[6]BAYART D.《Experimental investigation of the gain flatness characteristics for 1.55um EDFA》.IEEE Photonics Technology Letter,1994
[7]ONO H,SAKAMOTO T,MORI A.《An Erbium-Doped Tellurite Fiber Amplifier for WDM System with Dispersion-Shifted Fibers》[J].Photon.Tech.Lett,2002
[8]罗杰,伍叔坚《长波段掺铒光纤放大器用掺铒光纤的设计考虑》.光子学报,2000
[9]UH-CHAN Ryu.《Inherent enhancement of gain flatness and achievement of board gain bandwidth in erbium-Doped silica Fiber Amplifier》. IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics,2002
[10]Wei Huai,Tong Zhi,Jiang shuisheng.《Use of a genetic algorithm to optimize multistage erbium-Doped Fiber-amplifier systems with complex structures》Optics Express 2004
[11]PAUL F.Wysocki.Dual-stage erbium-doped,erbium/ytterbium-codoped fiber amplifier with up to +26-dBm output power and a 17nm flat spectrum[J].Optics Letter,1996
[12]赵志勇,于永森,基于啁啾光纤光栅的增益平坦滤波器〔J〕。吉林大学学报,2004
[13]LI S P,CHIANG K S,GAMBLING W A.Gain flattening of an erbiumdoped fiber amplifier using a high-birefringence fiber loop mirror[J],IEEE Photon.Tech.Lett,2001
[14]王思劼、刘俭辉、胡智勇.基于高双折射光纤环形镜L-band EDFA增益平坦试验〔J〕.光电子激光,2004
[15]ROCHETTE M,GUY M.Gain equalization of EDFA’s with Bragg gratings[J].IEEE Photonics Tech.Lett.,1999
[16]SEOK HYUN Yun.Dynamic Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier Based on Active Gain Flattening with Fiber Acoustooptic Tunable Filters[J].IEEE Photonics tech.Lett,1999
[17]ZHU T,RAO Y J,WANG J L.All-fiber dynamic gain equalizer based on a twisted long-period grating written by high-frequency CO2 laser pulses[J].OFC,2006
[18]丁维银,蔡继光.基于聚合物分散液晶全息光栅的可调增益均衡器〔J〕.光子学报,2005
[19]郑继红,顾玲娟.新型聚合物分散液晶材料研制的电控体全息光栅[J]光子学报,2005
[20]曾丽珠,武星、基于GFF+VOA的EDFA增益平坦研究[D]天津:天津大学,2007
[21]发明专利申请公布说明书,中华人民共和国国家知识产权局,申请号:200710145165.8
[22]光放大器增益平坦滤波器的谱形确定方法说明书
[23]于林生,董胜,唐斯宁等。拉曼光纤放大器在国内的首次工程应用〔2003-6-16〕http://www.lodestar.com.cn/dl/news/69333.html
[24]王衍勇,李世忱,隋展等,《宽带与超带宽光纤放大器的研究与展望》[J].激光与光电子学进展2003,41(3)
[25]于娟,林洪榕等,《混合拉曼/EDFA放大器及其在DWDM中的应用》电讯技术2002(5):45～45 2002年
[26]云庆夏,《遗传算法和遗传规则-一种搜索寻优技术》[M],北京:冶金工业出版社
[27]王海潼,《基于WDXADX\A的增益平坦补偿》[J],电讯技术,2004,44(1):127-131
[2]纪越峰,《光波复用技术》北京邮电大学出版社1999
[3]黄学达,王典洪,雷非,陈分雄《光通信中EDFA的工作原理和发展趋势》,中国地质大学,烽火通信科技股份有限公司
[4]丁炜EDFA光线放大器原理及应用济南历泰信息科技有限公司,2005
[5]曹毅,《光网络中掺铒光纤放大器增益平坦性研究》2011
[6]BAYART D.《Experimental investigation of the gain flatness characteristics for 1.55um EDFA》.IEEE Photonics Technology Letter,1994
[7]ONO H,SAKAMOTO T,MORI A.《An Erbium-Doped Tellurite Fiber Amplifier for WDM System with Dispersion-Shifted Fibers》[J].Photon.Tech.Lett,2002
[8]罗杰,伍叔坚《长波段掺铒光纤放大器用掺铒光纤的设计考虑》.光子学报,2000
[9]UH-CHAN Ryu.《Inherent enhancement of gain flatness and achievement of board gain bandwidth in erbium-Doped silica Fiber Amplifier》. IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics,2002
[10]Wei Huai,Tong Zhi,Jiang shuisheng.《Use of a genetic algorithm to optimize multistage erbium-Doped Fiber-amplifier systems with complex structures》Optics Express 2004
[11]PAUL F.Wysocki.Dual-stage erbium-doped,erbium/ytterbium-codoped fiber amplifier with up to +26-dBm output power and a 17nm flat spectrum[J].Optics Letter,1996
[12]赵志勇,于永森,基于啁啾光纤光栅的增益平坦滤波器〔J〕。吉林大学学报,2004
[13]LI S P,CHIANG K S,GAMBLING W A.Gain flattening of an erbiumdoped fiber amplifier using a high-birefringence fiber loop mirror[J],IEEE Photon.Tech.Lett,2001
[14]王思劼、刘俭辉、胡智勇.基于高双折射光纤环形镜L-band EDFA增益平坦试验〔J〕.光电子激光,2004
[15]ROCHETTE M,GUY M.Gain equalization of EDFA’s with Bragg gratings[J].IEEE Photonics Tech.Lett.,1999
[16]SEOK HYUN Yun.Dynamic Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier Based on Active Gain Flattening with Fiber Acoustooptic Tunable Filters[J].IEEE Photonics tech.Lett,1999
[17]ZHU T,RAO Y J,WANG J L.All-fiber dynamic gain equalizer based on a twisted long-period grating written by high-frequency CO2 laser pulses[J].OFC,2006
[18]丁维银,蔡继光.基于聚合物分散液晶全息光栅的可调增益均衡器〔J〕.光子学报,2005
[19]郑继红,顾玲娟.新型聚合物分散液晶材料研制的电控体全息光栅[J]光子学报,2005
[20]曾丽珠,武星、基于GFF+VOA的EDFA增益平坦研究[D]天津:天津大学,2007
[21]发明专利申请公布说明书,中华人民共和国国家知识产权局,申请号:200710145165.8
[22]光放大器增益平坦滤波器的谱形确定方法说明书
[23]于林生,董胜,唐斯宁等。拉曼光纤放大器在国内的首次工程应用〔2003-6-16〕http://www.lodestar.com.cn/dl/news/69333.html
[24]王衍勇,李世忱,隋展等,《宽带与超带宽光纤放大器的研究与展望》[J].激光与光电子学进展2003,41(3)
[25]于娟,林洪榕等,《混合拉曼/EDFA放大器及其在DWDM中的应用》电讯技术2002(5):45～45 2002年
[26]云庆夏,《遗传算法和遗传规则-一种搜索寻优技术》[M],北京:冶金工业出版社
[27]王海潼,《基于WDXADX\A的增益平坦补偿》[J],电讯技术,2004,44(1):127-131