中原城市公共空间人工水景设计要素研究
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摘要
水是人类生活不可缺少的重要物质,人们对于水的依赖和向往充分体现了人与自然的亲密关系。随着城市的发展,人们对城市公共空间环境质量和城市景观艺术提出了更高的要求。把“水”这一重要的景观要素引入到城市公共空间环境中,利用水来进行环境空间的艺术创造,已经成为景观设计师创造城市空间景观的重要手段之一。城市公共空间中的水景是城市环境最具生命力的场所。在人工水景设计中,只有通过水景各设计要素的正确表达,才能实现水的生态和文化价值,这也是体现“水景”特性的关键。
本文以中原城市公共空间中水景“水”要素和“依水景观”要素为研究对象,以景观生态学理论为基础。以探索体现中原文化特质、保障水景持续健康运行为目的。通过郑州大学新区人工水景案例分析和方案改进,探讨中原城市人工水景设计要素中的人文设计与生态设计表达方式。对中原城市人工水景尺度的营造,形式的表达,设施的设计,水源的补充,水质的维护、治理设施的景观化及依水景观等造景要素形式的创造一系列问题做深入研究。在此基础上,总结出中原城市公共空间人工水景环境营造的方法体系与原则。最后,对人工水景设计进行综合评定,并通过国内人工水景成功案例的分析。进一步阐述如何通过水景各设计要素的形式表达以达到效益最大化。在创造、美化环境的同时,维护水景生态系统的健康、持续运行。
本论文主要包括以下几个方面的内容：中原城市建设水景的必要性；人工水景设计要素的艺术处理手法；如何维护中原城市人工水景健康持续运行。
Water is an indispensable material to human life, it fully reflects the people are close relationship with nature that people rely on and yearn for water. With the development of the city, the quality of the environment.and urban landscape art for city public space is put forward higher requirements. Putting the essential elements of "water" into the urban public space environment, using water to conduct an environmental space of artistic creation, it has become one of the important means for the landscape designers to design urban spatial landscape. The water environment is the most vibrant place in the urban city public space. In the design of artificial water features, only through the right expression of the water elements, it can achieve water ecological and cultural values, which is a key characteristic of "water".
In this paper, the object of study is "water" elements and "according to water landscape" elements in the urban public space of Central Plains, the theoretical basis is landscape ecology. Purpose is to explore the characteristics of the chinese culture, to protect the sustained and healthy operation of water. Through analyzing artificial water features of Zhengzhou University, explore expression of the humanities and ecological design of artificial water features design elements in the Central Plains city. Study further the problem of the creation elements form in the Central Plains citys such as forms of expression, facilities design, water added, maintenance of water quality, the landscape of treatment facilities and so on. Summing up creating artificial water environment system and the principle of the method. Finally doing a comprehensive assessment of artificial water features. And through analysing domestic success case of artificial water, further elaborated how to achieve maximum benefit through the design expressed of the water elements. To create the environment, beautify the environment, at the same time, it can maintain the health of aquatic ecosystems, continuing to run.
This thesis include the following main aspects:the need for water construction of central plains city; the art treatment.practices of artificial water features design elements; how to maintain the water of the central plains city to run health and contineually.
本文以中原城市公共空间中水景“水”要素和“依水景观”要素为研究对象,以景观生态学理论为基础。以探索体现中原文化特质、保障水景持续健康运行为目的。通过郑州大学新区人工水景案例分析和方案改进,探讨中原城市人工水景设计要素中的人文设计与生态设计表达方式。对中原城市人工水景尺度的营造,形式的表达,设施的设计,水源的补充,水质的维护、治理设施的景观化及依水景观等造景要素形式的创造一系列问题做深入研究。在此基础上,总结出中原城市公共空间人工水景环境营造的方法体系与原则。最后,对人工水景设计进行综合评定,并通过国内人工水景成功案例的分析。进一步阐述如何通过水景各设计要素的形式表达以达到效益最大化。在创造、美化环境的同时,维护水景生态系统的健康、持续运行。
本论文主要包括以下几个方面的内容：中原城市建设水景的必要性；人工水景设计要素的艺术处理手法；如何维护中原城市人工水景健康持续运行。
Water is an indispensable material to human life, it fully reflects the people are close relationship with nature that people rely on and yearn for water. With the development of the city, the quality of the environment.and urban landscape art for city public space is put forward higher requirements. Putting the essential elements of "water" into the urban public space environment, using water to conduct an environmental space of artistic creation, it has become one of the important means for the landscape designers to design urban spatial landscape. The water environment is the most vibrant place in the urban city public space. In the design of artificial water features, only through the right expression of the water elements, it can achieve water ecological and cultural values, which is a key characteristic of "water".
In this paper, the object of study is "water" elements and "according to water landscape" elements in the urban public space of Central Plains, the theoretical basis is landscape ecology. Purpose is to explore the characteristics of the chinese culture, to protect the sustained and healthy operation of water. Through analyzing artificial water features of Zhengzhou University, explore expression of the humanities and ecological design of artificial water features design elements in the Central Plains city. Study further the problem of the creation elements form in the Central Plains citys such as forms of expression, facilities design, water added, maintenance of water quality, the landscape of treatment facilities and so on. Summing up creating artificial water environment system and the principle of the method. Finally doing a comprehensive assessment of artificial water features. And through analysing domestic success case of artificial water, further elaborated how to achieve maximum benefit through the design expressed of the water elements. To create the environment, beautify the environment, at the same time, it can maintain the health of aquatic ecosystems, continuing to run.
This thesis include the following main aspects:the need for water construction of central plains city; the art treatment.practices of artificial water features design elements; how to maintain the water of the central plains city to run health and contineually.
引文
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[2]俞孔坚.从世界园林专业发展的三个阶段看中国园林专业面临的挑战和机遇[J].中国园林1998,(1)：19-21.
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[4]汪毅.生态设计理论与实践[D].上海：同济大学博十论文,2006.7：55.
[5]周曦,李湛东.生态设计新论—对生态设计的反思和再认识[M].南京：东南大学出版社,2003.2：17.
[6]王向荣,林箐.西方现代景观设计的理论与实践[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2002.7：254.
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[10]陈国平.景观设计概论[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,2006.1：169.
[11]魏向东,宋言奇.城市景观[M].北京：中国林业出版社,2006.2：10.
[12]闫宝兴,程炜.水景工程[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社2005.10：2.
[13]杨文会.环境艺术教育[M].北京：人民出版社,2003.1：271.
[14]金儒霖.人造水景设计营造与观赏[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2006.5：1.
[15][明]计成著,赵农注释.园冶图说[M].济南：山东画报出版社,2003.1：228.
[16]陈倩.中国传统文化与水景观设计[D].昆明：昆明理工大学,2006.6：96.
[17]朱钧珍.园林水景设计的传承理念[M].北京：中国林业出版社,2004.1：2.
[18]竺军,陈望清.城市滨水岸线生态驳岸设计初探[J].园林工程,45-46.
[19]区伟耕.园林设计资料集水景、桥[M].昆明：云南科技出版社,2005.3：143
[20]黄文宪.景观设计[M].南宁:广西美术出版社,2003.7：38.
[21]俞孔坚,李迪华.可持续景观[J].城市环境设计2007,(1)：7-12.
[22]钱易,刘吕民,邵益生.中国城市水资源可持续开发利用[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2002.
[23]SHAW L Y, JAN T K, ELIZABETN A F, etal. Field test ofgrassed-swale performance in removing runoff pollution.Journal ofWater Resources Planning and Management, 2001 (5/6).
[24]王金娜,王德春.浅议雨水利用技术在城市景观用水中的应用[J].2007,31(1).
[25]邹平,江霜英,高廷耀.城市景观水的处理方法[J].中国给排水,2003.2.
[26]金元欢.城市水景的生态设计与综合研究[J].景观设计,2006,(3)：36-40.
[27]吴胜恒.封闭型人造景观水体水质控制技术探讨.上海环境科学[J].20006,25(6)：247-250.
[28]沈耀良,王宝贞.废水生物处理新技术理论与应用[MI.中国环境科学出版社,1999.6.
[29]谢小萍,李文驹.结合雨水利用的小区景观生态设计初探[J].华中建筑,2003,(5)：94-99.
[30]迟延智,陈风伦.人工湿地处理污水的实践[J].中国给水排水,2003,(4)：82-83.
[31]张家骥.中国造园论[M].太原：山西人民出版杜,2003.3：285.
[32]陈倩.中国传统文化与水景观设计[D].昆明：昆明理工大学,2006.6：96.
[33]苏丹.风土：当代景观设计中的中国意识[M].河北美术出版社,2003.8：24.
[34](美)约翰.O.西蒙兹著,俞孔坚等译.景观设计学：场地规划与设计手册[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2000.6.
[2]俞孔坚.从世界园林专业发展的三个阶段看中国园林专业面临的挑战和机遇[J].中国园林1998,(1)：19-21.
[3]张十庆.《作庭记》泽注与研究[M].天津：天津大学出版社,2004.5：7.
[4]汪毅.生态设计理论与实践[D].上海：同济大学博十论文,2006.7：55.
[5]周曦,李湛东.生态设计新论—对生态设计的反思和再认识[M].南京：东南大学出版社,2003.2：17.
[6]王向荣,林箐.西方现代景观设计的理论与实践[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2002.7：254.
[7]俞孔坚,李迪华,吉庆萍.景观与城市的生态设计：概念与原理[J].中国园林,2001,,(6)：3-10.
[8]俞孔坚,李迪华.可持续景观[J].城市环境设计,2007(1)：7-12.
[9]王祥荣.生态建设论：中外城市生态建设比较分析[M].南京：东南大学出版社,2004.5：26.
[10]陈国平.景观设计概论[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,2006.1：169.
[11]魏向东,宋言奇.城市景观[M].北京：中国林业出版社,2006.2：10.
[12]闫宝兴,程炜.水景工程[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社2005.10：2.
[13]杨文会.环境艺术教育[M].北京：人民出版社,2003.1：271.
[14]金儒霖.人造水景设计营造与观赏[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2006.5：1.
[15][明]计成著,赵农注释.园冶图说[M].济南：山东画报出版社,2003.1：228.
[16]陈倩.中国传统文化与水景观设计[D].昆明：昆明理工大学,2006.6：96.
[17]朱钧珍.园林水景设计的传承理念[M].北京：中国林业出版社,2004.1：2.
[18]竺军,陈望清.城市滨水岸线生态驳岸设计初探[J].园林工程,45-46.
[19]区伟耕.园林设计资料集水景、桥[M].昆明：云南科技出版社,2005.3：143
[20]黄文宪.景观设计[M].南宁:广西美术出版社,2003.7：38.
[21]俞孔坚,李迪华.可持续景观[J].城市环境设计2007,(1)：7-12.
[22]钱易,刘吕民,邵益生.中国城市水资源可持续开发利用[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2002.
[23]SHAW L Y, JAN T K, ELIZABETN A F, etal. Field test ofgrassed-swale performance in removing runoff pollution.Journal ofWater Resources Planning and Management, 2001 (5/6).
[24]王金娜,王德春.浅议雨水利用技术在城市景观用水中的应用[J].2007,31(1).
[25]邹平,江霜英,高廷耀.城市景观水的处理方法[J].中国给排水,2003.2.
[26]金元欢.城市水景的生态设计与综合研究[J].景观设计,2006,(3)：36-40.
[27]吴胜恒.封闭型人造景观水体水质控制技术探讨.上海环境科学[J].20006,25(6)：247-250.
[28]沈耀良,王宝贞.废水生物处理新技术理论与应用[MI.中国环境科学出版社,1999.6.
[29]谢小萍,李文驹.结合雨水利用的小区景观生态设计初探[J].华中建筑,2003,(5)：94-99.
[30]迟延智,陈风伦.人工湿地处理污水的实践[J].中国给水排水,2003,(4)：82-83.
[31]张家骥.中国造园论[M].太原：山西人民出版杜,2003.3：285.
[32]陈倩.中国传统文化与水景观设计[D].昆明：昆明理工大学,2006.6：96.
[33]苏丹.风土：当代景观设计中的中国意识[M].河北美术出版社,2003.8：24.
[34](美)约翰.O.西蒙兹著,俞孔坚等译.景观设计学：场地规划与设计手册[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2000.6.