超宽带卫星导航与定位接收机天线的研究
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摘要
随着全球各导航卫星系统的快速发展,能够兼容多模卫星导航定位系统的终端天线,在近年来逐步成为卫星导航领域的研究热点。微带天线以其重量轻、低剖面、成本低、易于生产等突出特点被广泛应用于大约100MHz-100GHz的宽广频域上的大量无线电设备中。但是微带天线的固有缺陷是频带窄,而现代高端无线电设备对微带天线的要求越来越高,不仅要满足宽频带的特性,而且对其结构及其与系统集成度方面的要求也进一步增多。如何实现微带天线的宽频带、圆极化特性是近些年来的研究热点。本文根据多模卫星导航定位接收机天线的性能指标要求,对超宽带多模卫星导航定位天线的设计理论与实现方法进行了较为深入的研究,提出了多种方法,并部分完成了实验验证。
本文首先介绍了微带天线的辐射原理、理论分析方法、馈电结构以及性能参数,详细探讨了多频和宽频技术以及圆极化技术。
然后本文根据微带天线的理论分析,利用基于有限元法的电磁仿真软件HFSS,分析了介质基片、馈电位置、缝隙宽度、辐射贴片形状等参数对天线性能的影响。
其次设计了三种利用单点探针馈电的微带天线,分别应用于5.2GWLAN系统,GPS导航定位系统和多模卫星导航与定位系统。
最后以共面波导馈电的微带天线为例,研究了共面波导馈电天线的辐射特点,设计了三款性能良好的采用共面波导馈电的微带天线,仿真和实测结果表明,所设计的多模天线满足卫星导航定位接收机的要求。
With the rapid development of the global navigation satellite system, the terminal antennas which can be compatible with multi-mode terminal satellite navigation and positioning system have gradually became a research hotspot in the field of satellite navigation in recent years. Microstrip antennas with its light weight, low profile, low cost, easy to produce and other prominent feature are widely used around the broad 100MHz-100GHz frequency in a large number of radio devices. However, the inherent defect of microstrip antenna is the narrow band. The modern high-end wireless devices have become increasingly demanding microstrip antennas, not only to meet the characteristics of broadband, but its structure and its system integration requirements are further increased. How to achieve wide bandwidth and circular polarization is a research hotspot in recent years. In this paper, Based on the performance requirements of the multi-mode satellite navigation and positioning microstrip antenna, We do a more in-depth research on ultra-wideband multi-mode satellite navigation antenna design theory and implementation methods, made a variety of methods, and Completed part experiments
In this paper, we introduce the principle of microstrip antenna radiation, theoretical analysis, feed structure and performance parameters, discussed in detail the multi-frequency and broadband technology, and circular polarization.
Secondly, we analysis of the dielectric substrate, feed position, slot width, radiation patch shape parameters on the antenna performance using the electromagnetic simulation software-HFSS,based on theoretical analysis of microstrip antennas.
Then,we introduce three Kinds of single-point probe fed microstrip patch antennas. Which were used in 5.2GWLAN system, GPS system and multi-mode satellite navigation and positioning systems.
Finally, in case of the coplanar waveguide fed microstrip antenna,we study radiation characteristics of the CPW fed antenna. We have designed three kinds of CPW fed microstrip antennas. Simulated and measured results show that the multi-mode antennas meet the requirements of satellite navigation receivers.
本文首先介绍了微带天线的辐射原理、理论分析方法、馈电结构以及性能参数,详细探讨了多频和宽频技术以及圆极化技术。
然后本文根据微带天线的理论分析,利用基于有限元法的电磁仿真软件HFSS,分析了介质基片、馈电位置、缝隙宽度、辐射贴片形状等参数对天线性能的影响。
其次设计了三种利用单点探针馈电的微带天线,分别应用于5.2GWLAN系统,GPS导航定位系统和多模卫星导航与定位系统。
最后以共面波导馈电的微带天线为例,研究了共面波导馈电天线的辐射特点,设计了三款性能良好的采用共面波导馈电的微带天线,仿真和实测结果表明,所设计的多模天线满足卫星导航定位接收机的要求。
With the rapid development of the global navigation satellite system, the terminal antennas which can be compatible with multi-mode terminal satellite navigation and positioning system have gradually became a research hotspot in the field of satellite navigation in recent years. Microstrip antennas with its light weight, low profile, low cost, easy to produce and other prominent feature are widely used around the broad 100MHz-100GHz frequency in a large number of radio devices. However, the inherent defect of microstrip antenna is the narrow band. The modern high-end wireless devices have become increasingly demanding microstrip antennas, not only to meet the characteristics of broadband, but its structure and its system integration requirements are further increased. How to achieve wide bandwidth and circular polarization is a research hotspot in recent years. In this paper, Based on the performance requirements of the multi-mode satellite navigation and positioning microstrip antenna, We do a more in-depth research on ultra-wideband multi-mode satellite navigation antenna design theory and implementation methods, made a variety of methods, and Completed part experiments
In this paper, we introduce the principle of microstrip antenna radiation, theoretical analysis, feed structure and performance parameters, discussed in detail the multi-frequency and broadband technology, and circular polarization.
Secondly, we analysis of the dielectric substrate, feed position, slot width, radiation patch shape parameters on the antenna performance using the electromagnetic simulation software-HFSS,based on theoretical analysis of microstrip antennas.
Then,we introduce three Kinds of single-point probe fed microstrip patch antennas. Which were used in 5.2GWLAN system, GPS system and multi-mode satellite navigation and positioning systems.
Finally, in case of the coplanar waveguide fed microstrip antenna,we study radiation characteristics of the CPW fed antenna. We have designed three kinds of CPW fed microstrip antennas. Simulated and measured results show that the multi-mode antennas meet the requirements of satellite navigation receivers.
引文
[1]Lin Xue-Yuan, Zhang Ya-Zhou. Performance Analysis of Passive Three Geostationary Satellites Navigation and Position. Information and Computing (ICIC),2010, PP:338-341
[2]Howell J.Q. Microstrip antennas. IEEE APS Int. Symp. Dogest.1972, PP.177-180
[3]Munson R.E. Conformal microstrip antenna and microstrip phased arrays. IEEE Trans.on Antennas and Propagation,Vol.AP-22,1974,PP.74-78
[4]Sudha, T.S.Vedavathy. A Wide Band Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna With A Single Feed. Microstrip Conference,2001.31st European
[5) Jun-Hwa Oh,Young-Pyo Hong. Dual Circularly-polarized stacked patch antenna for GSM/SDMB. Antennas and Propagation Socirty International Symposium, IEEE,2008
[6]Shakib, M.N., Islam, M.T. Stacked patch antenna with folded patch feed for ultra-wideband application Microwaves. Antenna & propagation,IET.VOL:4,Issue:10 PP.1456-1461
[7]Behdad, N., Sarabandi, K. A Microstrip-fed Ultra-wideband slot antenna Antennas and Propagation Socirty International Symposium. IEEE,2008,PP.1-4
[8]Xiaoxing Yin, Ziguo Su, Wei Hong. An Ultra Wideband tapered slot antenna Antennas and Propagation Socirty International Symposium, IEEE,2005 PP.516-519
[9]刘学观,郭辉萍.微波技术与天线.西安：西安电子科技大学出版社,2003
[10]马小玲,丁丁.宽频带微带天线技术及其应用.北京：人民邮电出版社,2006
[11]柳青.小型化宽带微带天线.电子科技大学学位论文.2008年5月
[12]Dubost, G., and G. Beauquet. Linear Transmission line Model Analysis of Circular Patch Antennas. Electronics Letter, Vol.22, October 1986,PP.1174-1176
[13]Lo, Y.T., Solomon, D., and Richards, W.F. Theory and Experiment on Microstrip Antenna. IEEE Trans. Antennas propagation, Vol.AP-27, March 1979, PP.137-145
[14]Kumar, Girish & Ray, K.P. Broadband Microstrip Antennas. Artech House Inc., MA;England,2003
[15]Muhammad Qazafi. Analysis and Design Of Reconfigurable and Broadband Microstrip Antenna. March,2007
[16]钟顺时.微带天线理论与应用.西安：西安电子科技大学出版社,1991
[17]李妍.8mm弹载微带天线的研究.北京理工大学学位论文,1994
[18]安婷婷,张文梅.2009年全国天线年会论文集(上).2009
[19]Shi Dong-ping, Cheng Zheng-fu. Wideband Electromagnetic Coupled Ellipse LTCC Antenna for Ka Band. Microwave Technology and Computation Electromaqnetics,2009.
[20]Cheng-Tse Lee and Kin-lu Wong. Small-Size Coupled-Fed PIFA with an Embedded Band-Notching Slit for Internal WLAN/WIMAX Laptop Computer Antenna. Antennas and propagation society international Symposium 2009
[21]张玉发,孙晓泉.一种宽带贴片天线的设计与仿真,电子对抗,2007年第五期
[22]房少军.非对称共面波导的特性及其场结构图的研究.大连：大连海事大学,2002
[23]Sunghun Kim, Junho Choi, and Youngsik Kim. CPW-FED Broadband G-Sharp Monopole Antenna For WLAN Applications. Microwave And Optical Technology Letters,2006
[24]顾伟,张需蒲,钟顺时.以有机材料为基板的小型化、宽带矩形微带天线.上海大学学报(自然科学版),2002,PP.25-27
[25]宫正涛,刘运林,杨儒贵.新型高分子磁性材料的界面反射特性分析.西南交通大学学报,2004,PP：699-702
[26]林云,林展如.二茂铁有机磁体/陶瓷的电磁特性研究及其在微带天线中的应用.微波学报,2008
[27]李村龙,史小卫,徐乐.一种双开C型槽的新型宽带微带天线的设计.现代电子技术2010年05期
[28]Chiou T W and Wrong K L. Design of compact microstrip antennas with a slotted ground plane. Antennas and Propagation Socirty International Symposium,2001. IEEE,8-13 July,2001,Vol.2,PP.732-735.
[29]Wong K L,Kuo J Sand Chiou T W. Compact microstrip antennas with slots loaded in the ground plane. Eleventh International Conference on Antennas and Propagation,17-20 Aprial,2001,Vol.2,PP.623-626.
[30]Ka-Leung Lau,etc. A Wide-band circularly polarized L-probe coupled patch antenna for dual-band operation. Antennas and Propagation, IEEE.Vol.53,Aug.2005,PP.2636-2644
[31]Kai-Ping Yang,Kin-Lu Wong. Inclined-slot-coupled compact dual-frequency microstrip antenna with cross-slot. Electronics Letters,Vol.34,Feb 1998,PP.321-322
[32]Sang-Hyuk Wi, Wideband microstrip patch antenna with U-shaped parasitic elements Antennas and Propagation,IEEE Transactions on,Vol.55,Apr.2007,PP.1196-1199
[33]Pues,H.F, Van de Capelle. An Impedance Matching Technique for Incresaing the Bandwidth of Microstrip Antenna. IEEE Antennas and Propagation, Vol.AP-37, 1989,PP.1345-1354
[34]林昌禄.天线工程手册.北京：电子工业出版社,2002年.
[35]Zhi-Hong,Qing-Xin Chu. Circular Polarized Antenna for GPS and CNSS Applications Proceedings of Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference,2010.
[36]Chia-Luan Tang,and Kin-Lu Wong. Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on,Vol.47,NO.7,July 1999
[37]付志强,房少军,王钟葆,吕善伟.多模卫星导航系统的宽带天线.哈尔滨工业大学学报.第40卷,第11期,2008年11月
[38]徐兴福.ADS2008射频电路设计与仿真实例.电子工业出版社.2009年9月
[39]Nasimuddin, Zhi Ning Chen, Xianming Qing. Dual-band Circularly Polarized S-Shaped Slotted Patch Antenna with a small Frequency-Ratio. Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on Volume:58, Issue:6
[40]Kin-Lu Wong, Compact and Broadband Microstrip antennas
[41]杨小丽.GPS天线的圆极化和小型化研究.华东师范大学硕士论文
[42]I-Jen Chen. CPW-Fed Circularly Polarized 2×2 Sequentially Rotated Patch Antenna Array. Microwave Conference Processing. APMC,2005
[43]Yi-Chieh Lee, Syuan-Ci Lin, and Jwo-Shiun Sun. CPW-Fed UWB Slot Antenna Proceedings of Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference,2006
[44]Ruei-Ying Fang, Chun-Long Wang. A Broadband Coplanar Waveguide to Rectangular Waveguide Transition Using a Truncated Bow-Tie Antenna. Proceedings of the 38th European Microwave Conference,2008
[45]C.-J. Wang, Y.-C. Lin New. CPW-fed monopole antennas with both linear and circular polarizations. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation,2007
[46]Jia-Yi Sze, Kin-Lu Wong. Coplanar Waveguide-fed Square Slot Antenna for Broadband Circularly Polarized Radiation [J]. IEEE Trans Antennas Propagation,2003, PP.2141-2144.
[47]王玉峰,张光生.一种CPW馈电圆形缝隙宽带圆极化天线.通信对抗,2008年第4期
[48]陈锦波,邓一中.以共面波导馈入方形槽孔之宽频带圆极化天线设计.北台学报, 第29期
[49]贾宝富.HFSS边界与端口设置.四川.电子科技大学
[50]Yue-Ying Chen, Yong-Chang Jiao, Gang Zhao. A Novel Compact Slot Antenna for Broadband Circularly Polarized Radiation Antennas.2010,9th International Symposium 2010,PP.201-204
[2]Howell J.Q. Microstrip antennas. IEEE APS Int. Symp. Dogest.1972, PP.177-180
[3]Munson R.E. Conformal microstrip antenna and microstrip phased arrays. IEEE Trans.on Antennas and Propagation,Vol.AP-22,1974,PP.74-78
[4]Sudha, T.S.Vedavathy. A Wide Band Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna With A Single Feed. Microstrip Conference,2001.31st European
[5) Jun-Hwa Oh,Young-Pyo Hong. Dual Circularly-polarized stacked patch antenna for GSM/SDMB. Antennas and Propagation Socirty International Symposium, IEEE,2008
[6]Shakib, M.N., Islam, M.T. Stacked patch antenna with folded patch feed for ultra-wideband application Microwaves. Antenna & propagation,IET.VOL:4,Issue:10 PP.1456-1461
[7]Behdad, N., Sarabandi, K. A Microstrip-fed Ultra-wideband slot antenna Antennas and Propagation Socirty International Symposium. IEEE,2008,PP.1-4
[8]Xiaoxing Yin, Ziguo Su, Wei Hong. An Ultra Wideband tapered slot antenna Antennas and Propagation Socirty International Symposium, IEEE,2005 PP.516-519
[9]刘学观,郭辉萍.微波技术与天线.西安：西安电子科技大学出版社,2003
[10]马小玲,丁丁.宽频带微带天线技术及其应用.北京：人民邮电出版社,2006
[11]柳青.小型化宽带微带天线.电子科技大学学位论文.2008年5月
[12]Dubost, G., and G. Beauquet. Linear Transmission line Model Analysis of Circular Patch Antennas. Electronics Letter, Vol.22, October 1986,PP.1174-1176
[13]Lo, Y.T., Solomon, D., and Richards, W.F. Theory and Experiment on Microstrip Antenna. IEEE Trans. Antennas propagation, Vol.AP-27, March 1979, PP.137-145
[14]Kumar, Girish & Ray, K.P. Broadband Microstrip Antennas. Artech House Inc., MA;England,2003
[15]Muhammad Qazafi. Analysis and Design Of Reconfigurable and Broadband Microstrip Antenna. March,2007
[16]钟顺时.微带天线理论与应用.西安：西安电子科技大学出版社,1991
[17]李妍.8mm弹载微带天线的研究.北京理工大学学位论文,1994
[18]安婷婷,张文梅.2009年全国天线年会论文集(上).2009
[19]Shi Dong-ping, Cheng Zheng-fu. Wideband Electromagnetic Coupled Ellipse LTCC Antenna for Ka Band. Microwave Technology and Computation Electromaqnetics,2009.
[20]Cheng-Tse Lee and Kin-lu Wong. Small-Size Coupled-Fed PIFA with an Embedded Band-Notching Slit for Internal WLAN/WIMAX Laptop Computer Antenna. Antennas and propagation society international Symposium 2009
[21]张玉发,孙晓泉.一种宽带贴片天线的设计与仿真,电子对抗,2007年第五期
[22]房少军.非对称共面波导的特性及其场结构图的研究.大连：大连海事大学,2002
[23]Sunghun Kim, Junho Choi, and Youngsik Kim. CPW-FED Broadband G-Sharp Monopole Antenna For WLAN Applications. Microwave And Optical Technology Letters,2006
[24]顾伟,张需蒲,钟顺时.以有机材料为基板的小型化、宽带矩形微带天线.上海大学学报(自然科学版),2002,PP.25-27
[25]宫正涛,刘运林,杨儒贵.新型高分子磁性材料的界面反射特性分析.西南交通大学学报,2004,PP：699-702
[26]林云,林展如.二茂铁有机磁体/陶瓷的电磁特性研究及其在微带天线中的应用.微波学报,2008
[27]李村龙,史小卫,徐乐.一种双开C型槽的新型宽带微带天线的设计.现代电子技术2010年05期
[28]Chiou T W and Wrong K L. Design of compact microstrip antennas with a slotted ground plane. Antennas and Propagation Socirty International Symposium,2001. IEEE,8-13 July,2001,Vol.2,PP.732-735.
[29]Wong K L,Kuo J Sand Chiou T W. Compact microstrip antennas with slots loaded in the ground plane. Eleventh International Conference on Antennas and Propagation,17-20 Aprial,2001,Vol.2,PP.623-626.
[30]Ka-Leung Lau,etc. A Wide-band circularly polarized L-probe coupled patch antenna for dual-band operation. Antennas and Propagation, IEEE.Vol.53,Aug.2005,PP.2636-2644
[31]Kai-Ping Yang,Kin-Lu Wong. Inclined-slot-coupled compact dual-frequency microstrip antenna with cross-slot. Electronics Letters,Vol.34,Feb 1998,PP.321-322
[32]Sang-Hyuk Wi, Wideband microstrip patch antenna with U-shaped parasitic elements Antennas and Propagation,IEEE Transactions on,Vol.55,Apr.2007,PP.1196-1199
[33]Pues,H.F, Van de Capelle. An Impedance Matching Technique for Incresaing the Bandwidth of Microstrip Antenna. IEEE Antennas and Propagation, Vol.AP-37, 1989,PP.1345-1354
[34]林昌禄.天线工程手册.北京：电子工业出版社,2002年.
[35]Zhi-Hong,Qing-Xin Chu. Circular Polarized Antenna for GPS and CNSS Applications Proceedings of Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference,2010.
[36]Chia-Luan Tang,and Kin-Lu Wong. Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on,Vol.47,NO.7,July 1999
[37]付志强,房少军,王钟葆,吕善伟.多模卫星导航系统的宽带天线.哈尔滨工业大学学报.第40卷,第11期,2008年11月
[38]徐兴福.ADS2008射频电路设计与仿真实例.电子工业出版社.2009年9月
[39]Nasimuddin, Zhi Ning Chen, Xianming Qing. Dual-band Circularly Polarized S-Shaped Slotted Patch Antenna with a small Frequency-Ratio. Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on Volume:58, Issue:6
[40]Kin-Lu Wong, Compact and Broadband Microstrip antennas
[41]杨小丽.GPS天线的圆极化和小型化研究.华东师范大学硕士论文
[42]I-Jen Chen. CPW-Fed Circularly Polarized 2×2 Sequentially Rotated Patch Antenna Array. Microwave Conference Processing. APMC,2005
[43]Yi-Chieh Lee, Syuan-Ci Lin, and Jwo-Shiun Sun. CPW-Fed UWB Slot Antenna Proceedings of Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference,2006
[44]Ruei-Ying Fang, Chun-Long Wang. A Broadband Coplanar Waveguide to Rectangular Waveguide Transition Using a Truncated Bow-Tie Antenna. Proceedings of the 38th European Microwave Conference,2008
[45]C.-J. Wang, Y.-C. Lin New. CPW-fed monopole antennas with both linear and circular polarizations. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation,2007
[46]Jia-Yi Sze, Kin-Lu Wong. Coplanar Waveguide-fed Square Slot Antenna for Broadband Circularly Polarized Radiation [J]. IEEE Trans Antennas Propagation,2003, PP.2141-2144.
[47]王玉峰,张光生.一种CPW馈电圆形缝隙宽带圆极化天线.通信对抗,2008年第4期
[48]陈锦波,邓一中.以共面波导馈入方形槽孔之宽频带圆极化天线设计.北台学报, 第29期
[49]贾宝富.HFSS边界与端口设置.四川.电子科技大学
[50]Yue-Ying Chen, Yong-Chang Jiao, Gang Zhao. A Novel Compact Slot Antenna for Broadband Circularly Polarized Radiation Antennas.2010,9th International Symposium 2010,PP.201-204