汽车空调系统性能优化
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摘要
随着国内外汽车行业竞争的加剧,汽车空调系统性能已经成为汽车市场竞争的主要手段之一。
本文首先从汽车空调市场售后反馈数据、以及系统性能试验数据出发对某车型的空调系统及其零部件进行了分析,并从以下几个方面对改进系统性能的影响进行了研究:前端隔栅的设计对冷凝器换热性能的影响,乘客舱空间的限制对空调箱,蒸发器性能的影响。在有限的空间范围内,尽量提升换热性能和换热效率,同时还要兼顾零件的重量和单件成本对该车型的空调系统的性能优化的影响。针对实际工程应用,对影响的空调系统降温性能的其它因素,前端通风量和整车泄漏量进行了理论分析和实验验证。
作者在研究过程中大量采用台架试验,系统试验,环境模拟试验和风量试验等手段,不但为今后在实际工作中对系统及零部件的性能分析和匹配等方面提出了一些实用的方法和判断依据,可以作为自主设计的参考,而且改进后的空调系统无论是从台架试验还是环模试验上均达到了设计要求,空调改进后和改进前相比,初始降温速度明显要快,呼吸点温度在前20分钟降低3～5℃。改进后的该车型已经在07年3月上市并进入量产阶段,顾客反映良好,为公司赢得了经济效益和社会效益。
With the acute competition of domestic and oversea automotive, manufactory play more and more focuses on all kinds of vehicle performance, While Automotive air conditioning performance is one of the focuses.
First, a lot of test data of the former system and service data of one vehicle were analyzed, then base on the new program specialty: the front end grille design which affect the condenser performance,the compact front interior package which affect HVAC Module and evaporator performance. At the restricted package room, try to improve the air conditioning performance at the same time, keep an eye in mass and cost.
At the same time, the front end air flow and body leakage effect to air conditioning performance, including both theoretical and practical were also analyzed.
In this paper, most of the research was based on bench test, system bench test and Climate Wind Tunnel test and air flow bench test. Some performance target in system matching and evaluation were discussed. After optimization the new HVAC system can meet the program target in both component and vehicle level. The breath temperature after the first 20 minutes can be reduced up to 3~5°C. The vehicle with the improved air conditioning system was in production from March, 2007, the feedback from customer is very good, which bring both economic and social benefit to the company.
本文首先从汽车空调市场售后反馈数据、以及系统性能试验数据出发对某车型的空调系统及其零部件进行了分析,并从以下几个方面对改进系统性能的影响进行了研究:前端隔栅的设计对冷凝器换热性能的影响,乘客舱空间的限制对空调箱,蒸发器性能的影响。在有限的空间范围内,尽量提升换热性能和换热效率,同时还要兼顾零件的重量和单件成本对该车型的空调系统的性能优化的影响。针对实际工程应用,对影响的空调系统降温性能的其它因素,前端通风量和整车泄漏量进行了理论分析和实验验证。
作者在研究过程中大量采用台架试验,系统试验,环境模拟试验和风量试验等手段,不但为今后在实际工作中对系统及零部件的性能分析和匹配等方面提出了一些实用的方法和判断依据,可以作为自主设计的参考,而且改进后的空调系统无论是从台架试验还是环模试验上均达到了设计要求,空调改进后和改进前相比,初始降温速度明显要快,呼吸点温度在前20分钟降低3～5℃。改进后的该车型已经在07年3月上市并进入量产阶段,顾客反映良好,为公司赢得了经济效益和社会效益。
With the acute competition of domestic and oversea automotive, manufactory play more and more focuses on all kinds of vehicle performance, While Automotive air conditioning performance is one of the focuses.
First, a lot of test data of the former system and service data of one vehicle were analyzed, then base on the new program specialty: the front end grille design which affect the condenser performance,the compact front interior package which affect HVAC Module and evaporator performance. At the restricted package room, try to improve the air conditioning performance at the same time, keep an eye in mass and cost.
At the same time, the front end air flow and body leakage effect to air conditioning performance, including both theoretical and practical were also analyzed.
In this paper, most of the research was based on bench test, system bench test and Climate Wind Tunnel test and air flow bench test. Some performance target in system matching and evaluation were discussed. After optimization the new HVAC system can meet the program target in both component and vehicle level. The breath temperature after the first 20 minutes can be reduced up to 3~5°C. The vehicle with the improved air conditioning system was in production from March, 2007, the feedback from customer is very good, which bring both economic and social benefit to the company.
引文
[1]陈江平,国外汽车空调系统技术发展趋势,制冷学报,2002,23(4),30-33
[2]韩晓波,分体式汽车空调性能优化,[学位论文],上海交通大学,2005
[3]陈晓华,全顺车空调温度场数值模拟及实验研究,[学位论文],华中科技大学,2005
[4]阙雄才,陈江平,姚国琦等,汽车空调实用技术,北京:机械工业出版社,2003,182-188页,
[5]刘向农,汽车空调制冷系统匹配设计, [学位论文],合肥工业大学,2002
[6]陈秀环,汽车空调系统数学模型及仿真,[学位论文],重庆大学,2005
[7]郝亮,阚杰,李涛等,汽车空调层叠式与管带式蒸发器性能模拟分析比较,制冷空调,2007,7(1),61-65
[8]陈江平,阙雄才,陈芝久,汽车空调层叠式蒸发器热力性能计算机辅助分析,低温工程,1998,(2) 41-46
[9]谷波,景步云,黎远光,板式蒸发器与热力膨胀阀的匹配分析,制冷学报,2003,(1),51-54
[10]郭群良,浅谈热力膨胀阀的选择计算和使用方法,电子质量,2003,(12),49-50
[11]杨建中,邓永林,杨英俊等,H型汽车空调热力膨胀阀改进,阀门,2001,(3),39-41
[12]章嘉瑞,顾其江,邓永林,H型汽车空调热力膨胀阀的研究与改进,制冷与空调,2005,5(5),69-72
[13]田长青,杨新江,窦春鹏等,汽车空调H型热力膨胀阀的试验研究与分析,汽车技术,2001,(12),21-23
[14]顾宏伟,杨国瑞,浅谈空调系统的概念设计和优化设计,中国汽车工程学会2003学术年会,2003, SAE-C2003E232,783-787
[15]孙学军,阙雄才,陈芝久,汽车空调系统动态特性与优化分析,上海交通大学学报,1999,33(8),928-933
[16]仲华唐双波陈芝久刘维华沈军,轿车空调中蒸发器温度对送风温度的影响研究,流体机械,2001,29(4),50-52
[17]孙正,陈芝久,黄国强等,管带式汽车空调蒸发器传热和空气侧阻力特性的实验研究,流体工程1993,21(11),54-58
[18]陈江平,阙雄才,陈芝久,空调轿车降温特性的数值模拟与实验研究,工程热物理学报,1999,20(2) 205-210
[19]唐双波,仲华,陈芝九等,电子膨胀阀在轿车空调制冷系统中的动态特性研究,流体机械,2000,28(6),49-52
[20]夏文庆,钱永贵,电子膨胀阀在汽车空调系统中的应用,汽车空调技术,2003,(5),9-13
[21]田长青,窦春鹏,杨新江等,变排量压缩机汽车空调制冷系统节流元件的配置,汽车技术, 2001,(3),15-17
[22]窦春鹏,田长青,胡世辉等,变排量压缩机汽车空调用热力膨胀阀的试验研究,流体机械,2001,29(10),9-11
[23] J.M.Saiz Jabardo, W.Gonzales Mamani,M.R. Ianella ,Modeling and experimental evaluation of an automotive air conditioning system with a variable capacity compressor. International Journal of Refrigeration, 2002,(25):1157-1172
[24]王问雄,发动机冷却系冷却风量的估算,汽车科技,2005年,(6),33-34
[25]赵鹏程,发动机冷却系统的匹配设计的性能曲线关联法,上海汽车,2007,(4),28-30
[26]陈林辉田怀璋陈敬良刘运兰候杰,管带式冷凝器空气侧性能研究,流体机械,2004年,32(6), 52-55
[27]刘向农,汽车空调冷凝器的匹配设计研究,合肥工业大学学报,2002, 25(1),139-142
[28] Yeon-Pun Chang, Rueyyih Tsai, Jiin-Wen Hwang. Condensing heat transfer characteristics of aluminum flat tube. Applied thermal engineering, 1997, 17(11)
[2]韩晓波,分体式汽车空调性能优化,[学位论文],上海交通大学,2005
[3]陈晓华,全顺车空调温度场数值模拟及实验研究,[学位论文],华中科技大学,2005
[4]阙雄才,陈江平,姚国琦等,汽车空调实用技术,北京:机械工业出版社,2003,182-188页,
[5]刘向农,汽车空调制冷系统匹配设计, [学位论文],合肥工业大学,2002
[6]陈秀环,汽车空调系统数学模型及仿真,[学位论文],重庆大学,2005
[7]郝亮,阚杰,李涛等,汽车空调层叠式与管带式蒸发器性能模拟分析比较,制冷空调,2007,7(1),61-65
[8]陈江平,阙雄才,陈芝久,汽车空调层叠式蒸发器热力性能计算机辅助分析,低温工程,1998,(2) 41-46
[9]谷波,景步云,黎远光,板式蒸发器与热力膨胀阀的匹配分析,制冷学报,2003,(1),51-54
[10]郭群良,浅谈热力膨胀阀的选择计算和使用方法,电子质量,2003,(12),49-50
[11]杨建中,邓永林,杨英俊等,H型汽车空调热力膨胀阀改进,阀门,2001,(3),39-41
[12]章嘉瑞,顾其江,邓永林,H型汽车空调热力膨胀阀的研究与改进,制冷与空调,2005,5(5),69-72
[13]田长青,杨新江,窦春鹏等,汽车空调H型热力膨胀阀的试验研究与分析,汽车技术,2001,(12),21-23
[14]顾宏伟,杨国瑞,浅谈空调系统的概念设计和优化设计,中国汽车工程学会2003学术年会,2003, SAE-C2003E232,783-787
[15]孙学军,阙雄才,陈芝久,汽车空调系统动态特性与优化分析,上海交通大学学报,1999,33(8),928-933
[16]仲华唐双波陈芝久刘维华沈军,轿车空调中蒸发器温度对送风温度的影响研究,流体机械,2001,29(4),50-52
[17]孙正,陈芝久,黄国强等,管带式汽车空调蒸发器传热和空气侧阻力特性的实验研究,流体工程1993,21(11),54-58
[18]陈江平,阙雄才,陈芝久,空调轿车降温特性的数值模拟与实验研究,工程热物理学报,1999,20(2) 205-210
[19]唐双波,仲华,陈芝九等,电子膨胀阀在轿车空调制冷系统中的动态特性研究,流体机械,2000,28(6),49-52
[20]夏文庆,钱永贵,电子膨胀阀在汽车空调系统中的应用,汽车空调技术,2003,(5),9-13
[21]田长青,窦春鹏,杨新江等,变排量压缩机汽车空调制冷系统节流元件的配置,汽车技术, 2001,(3),15-17
[22]窦春鹏,田长青,胡世辉等,变排量压缩机汽车空调用热力膨胀阀的试验研究,流体机械,2001,29(10),9-11
[23] J.M.Saiz Jabardo, W.Gonzales Mamani,M.R. Ianella ,Modeling and experimental evaluation of an automotive air conditioning system with a variable capacity compressor. International Journal of Refrigeration, 2002,(25):1157-1172
[24]王问雄,发动机冷却系冷却风量的估算,汽车科技,2005年,(6),33-34
[25]赵鹏程,发动机冷却系统的匹配设计的性能曲线关联法,上海汽车,2007,(4),28-30
[26]陈林辉田怀璋陈敬良刘运兰候杰,管带式冷凝器空气侧性能研究,流体机械,2004年,32(6), 52-55
[27]刘向农,汽车空调冷凝器的匹配设计研究,合肥工业大学学报,2002, 25(1),139-142
[28] Yeon-Pun Chang, Rueyyih Tsai, Jiin-Wen Hwang. Condensing heat transfer characteristics of aluminum flat tube. Applied thermal engineering, 1997, 17(11)