水火电力系统节能调度模型与优化方法研究
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摘要
电力工业是高耗能产业,提高电力工业能源利用效率,转变能源利用方式,减少碳基能源使用量,对于缓解我国能源供需矛盾和改善生态环境等具有重要作用。理论和实践表明,优先利用清洁可再生能源,开展清洁电源与火电电源互补运行,是提高电力系统运行经济性、提高能源利用效率和节约非可再生能源的有效途径。目前,水电能源在我国清洁可再生能源中占主导地位,通过开展水火电力系统联合运行,合理协调系统间运行方式,发挥水火电力系统互补优势,可显著提高电力系统运行经济性,有利于促进电力工业能源利用方式的调整和系统的节能运行。
本论文紧紧围绕水火电力系统联合优化调度问题,针对含有梯级水电站的水火电力系统间复杂时空耦合特性,以水能资源的合理高效利用和燃煤等非可再生能源的节约为目的,在水火电力系统节能运行理论、单目标和多目标节能调度模型构建和优化方法等几个方面进行深入研究。
全文共6章,各章节主要内容可归纳如下：
第1章绪论：简要回顾国内外水火电力系统优化调度理论研究现状和我国节能调度理论的研究进展,论述开展水火电力系统联合优化调度的必要性、重要性。针对目前含有梯级水电站的水火电力系统联合运行所面临的问题和电力工业节能调度机制下的要求,提出本论文的主要研究内容。
第2章水火电力系统节能运行理论分析：水电站、火电厂的运行特性和水火电力系统间互动特性是构建合理优化调度模型及制订水电站合理用水计划与火电厂发电计划的前提和基础。本章详细分析了梯级水电站时空耦合特性、相互间作用规律、制约特性、弃水特性等,提出可有效反映水库特性影响的水电转换数学模型。分析了火电厂运行特性,通过拉格朗日极值条件揭示水火电力系统互补运行的互动规律,定性提出水火电力系统节能运行的措施。
第3章仿电磁学算法：群体智能算法在求解强非线性优化问题方面具有突出优势,本章对一种新型群体智能算法--仿电磁学算法进行研究。在详细分析仿电磁学算法理论基础、优化原理及对优化问题求解的一般理论框架基础上,研究影响算法优化性能的主要因素及其改进措施。提出适合于求解具有大规模变量优化问题的单方向受力的改进仿电磁学算法,并对其收敛性进行了理论证明,为求解水火电力系统节能调度模型提供理论基础。
第4章水火电力系统单目标节能调度与优化方法：构建了水电站运行协调条件和梯级水电站运行的动态弃水数学模型。提出以动态发电流量极限为基础的单目标水火电力系统节能调度优化数学模型。针对所建模型的强非线性特点,提出以遗传仿电磁学算法为基础的节能调度模型求解方法。
第5章水火电力系统多目标节能调度与优化方法：建立兼顾用水、环境、节能等多方面要求的水火电力系统多目标节能调度模型,提出利用仿电磁学算法和数据包络分析融合的多目标优化问题求解新方法。该方法无需考虑各目标函数的性质,同时可为决策者提供利用优化目标和数据包络分析的DEA值双重准则来选取决策方案的方法,有利于减少多个目标追求下的决策盲目性。
第6章对全文所做的主要工作和取得的成果进行总结,提出未来有待进一步研究的内容。
Electric power industry is energy-intensive industry. The energy efficiency improvement, change of energy utilization mode, and reduction of carbon-based energy use of electric power industry plays an important role in alleviating the contradiction between supply and demand of energy and improving the ecological environment. Theory and practice indicated that priority use of clean and renewable energy and making cleaning power and thermal power combined operation is an effective way to make the power system economic operation, improve energy utilization efficiency and save non-renewable energy. At present, hydroelectric energy is in dominant among clean and renewable energy in China. Hydrothermal power system combined operation is an effective way to enhance the energy utilization efficiency of power systems, promote the adjustment of energy utilization mode. The rational coordination of hydrothermal power system operation mode which can make the best use of the complementary advantages of power systems can promote power system energy-saving operation.
Tightly focusing on combined optimization dispatch problems for hydrothermal power system with cascade hydroelectric plants which have complex spatiotemporal coupling characteristics, this paper has made deep research on several aspects of power system energy-saving operation theory, single objective and multi-objective energy-saving dispatch model and its optimization method for the purpose of water resources reasonable utilization and coal and non renewable energy conservation.
The whole thesis consists of6chapters, each chapter of main contents can be summarized as follows:
Chapter1introduction:A brief review has been given for current research status of the domestic and international power system optimization dispatch theory and our country energy-saving dispatch theory. The paper's main contents were put forward based on the combined operation problems faced by hydrothermal power systems with cascade hydroelectric plants and the requirements of electric power industry energy-saving dispatch mechanism.
Chapter2hydrothermal power systems energy-saving operation theoretical analysis: Hydroelectric plant and thermal plant operation characteristics and interactive characteristics of hydrothermal power system are prerequisite and foundation for constructing rational optimization scheduling models, making optimal hydroelectric plants water plan and thermal plants power generation plan. This chapter has made a detailed analysis for spatiotemporal coupling characteristics, mutual affective law, restrict characteristics and water spillage characteristic of cascade hydroelectric plants. A detailed hydro-electric conversion mathematical model was put forward to analyze the characteristics of reservoir characteristic influence. Thermal plant operation characteristics have been analyzed. The interaction rules of hydrothermal power systems has been revealed by using mathematical analysis methods. At last, some energy-saving measures for hydrothermal power systems were proposed to make the power systems operate economically.
Chapter3Electromagnetism-like mechanism (ELM):Swarm intelligence algorithms in solving nonlinear optimization problem have outstanding advantage. A novel swarm intelligence algorithm named Electromagnetism-like mechanism was studied in this chapter. By through analyzing algorithm theoretical basis, optimization principle and general theoretical framework, some factors affecting the algorithm's optimization performance were revealed. The enhanced Electromagnetism-like mechanism with single direction force were put forward for solving large-scale optimization problems effectively. Global convergence of the algorithm provides theoretical basis for solving power system energy-saving dispatch model.
Chapter4hydrothermal power systems single objective energy-saving dispatch and optimization method:The coordination condition and dynamic water spillage mathematical model for hydroelectric plants were constructed. A novel single objective energy-saving dispatch model of hydrothermal power systems has been put forward based on dynamic water discharge limits. To solve the model effectively, a hybrid swarm intelligence algorithms with genetic operators and Electromagnetism-like mechanism was applied in solving the single objective energy-saving model.
Chapter5hydrothermal power systems multi-objective energy-saving dispatch and optimization method:A novel multi objective energy-saving dispatch model for hydrothermal power systems was established which can realize the coordination of water, environment, energy saving and so on. To solve the multi-objective dispatch model effectively, a hybrid multi-objective method with Electromagnetism-like mechanism and data envelopment analysis was put forward which without considering the characteristics of the objective function. At the same time, the method can reduce the multiple goal decision making under blindness by through bi-criterion with optimization objective and comprehensive benefits.
The sixth chapter summarizes the main work of full text and achievements of the dissertation. Finally, the future research contents have been put forward.
本论文紧紧围绕水火电力系统联合优化调度问题,针对含有梯级水电站的水火电力系统间复杂时空耦合特性,以水能资源的合理高效利用和燃煤等非可再生能源的节约为目的,在水火电力系统节能运行理论、单目标和多目标节能调度模型构建和优化方法等几个方面进行深入研究。
全文共6章,各章节主要内容可归纳如下：
第1章绪论：简要回顾国内外水火电力系统优化调度理论研究现状和我国节能调度理论的研究进展,论述开展水火电力系统联合优化调度的必要性、重要性。针对目前含有梯级水电站的水火电力系统联合运行所面临的问题和电力工业节能调度机制下的要求,提出本论文的主要研究内容。
第2章水火电力系统节能运行理论分析：水电站、火电厂的运行特性和水火电力系统间互动特性是构建合理优化调度模型及制订水电站合理用水计划与火电厂发电计划的前提和基础。本章详细分析了梯级水电站时空耦合特性、相互间作用规律、制约特性、弃水特性等,提出可有效反映水库特性影响的水电转换数学模型。分析了火电厂运行特性,通过拉格朗日极值条件揭示水火电力系统互补运行的互动规律,定性提出水火电力系统节能运行的措施。
第3章仿电磁学算法：群体智能算法在求解强非线性优化问题方面具有突出优势,本章对一种新型群体智能算法--仿电磁学算法进行研究。在详细分析仿电磁学算法理论基础、优化原理及对优化问题求解的一般理论框架基础上,研究影响算法优化性能的主要因素及其改进措施。提出适合于求解具有大规模变量优化问题的单方向受力的改进仿电磁学算法,并对其收敛性进行了理论证明,为求解水火电力系统节能调度模型提供理论基础。
第4章水火电力系统单目标节能调度与优化方法：构建了水电站运行协调条件和梯级水电站运行的动态弃水数学模型。提出以动态发电流量极限为基础的单目标水火电力系统节能调度优化数学模型。针对所建模型的强非线性特点,提出以遗传仿电磁学算法为基础的节能调度模型求解方法。
第5章水火电力系统多目标节能调度与优化方法：建立兼顾用水、环境、节能等多方面要求的水火电力系统多目标节能调度模型,提出利用仿电磁学算法和数据包络分析融合的多目标优化问题求解新方法。该方法无需考虑各目标函数的性质,同时可为决策者提供利用优化目标和数据包络分析的DEA值双重准则来选取决策方案的方法,有利于减少多个目标追求下的决策盲目性。
第6章对全文所做的主要工作和取得的成果进行总结,提出未来有待进一步研究的内容。
Electric power industry is energy-intensive industry. The energy efficiency improvement, change of energy utilization mode, and reduction of carbon-based energy use of electric power industry plays an important role in alleviating the contradiction between supply and demand of energy and improving the ecological environment. Theory and practice indicated that priority use of clean and renewable energy and making cleaning power and thermal power combined operation is an effective way to make the power system economic operation, improve energy utilization efficiency and save non-renewable energy. At present, hydroelectric energy is in dominant among clean and renewable energy in China. Hydrothermal power system combined operation is an effective way to enhance the energy utilization efficiency of power systems, promote the adjustment of energy utilization mode. The rational coordination of hydrothermal power system operation mode which can make the best use of the complementary advantages of power systems can promote power system energy-saving operation.
Tightly focusing on combined optimization dispatch problems for hydrothermal power system with cascade hydroelectric plants which have complex spatiotemporal coupling characteristics, this paper has made deep research on several aspects of power system energy-saving operation theory, single objective and multi-objective energy-saving dispatch model and its optimization method for the purpose of water resources reasonable utilization and coal and non renewable energy conservation.
The whole thesis consists of6chapters, each chapter of main contents can be summarized as follows:
Chapter1introduction:A brief review has been given for current research status of the domestic and international power system optimization dispatch theory and our country energy-saving dispatch theory. The paper's main contents were put forward based on the combined operation problems faced by hydrothermal power systems with cascade hydroelectric plants and the requirements of electric power industry energy-saving dispatch mechanism.
Chapter2hydrothermal power systems energy-saving operation theoretical analysis: Hydroelectric plant and thermal plant operation characteristics and interactive characteristics of hydrothermal power system are prerequisite and foundation for constructing rational optimization scheduling models, making optimal hydroelectric plants water plan and thermal plants power generation plan. This chapter has made a detailed analysis for spatiotemporal coupling characteristics, mutual affective law, restrict characteristics and water spillage characteristic of cascade hydroelectric plants. A detailed hydro-electric conversion mathematical model was put forward to analyze the characteristics of reservoir characteristic influence. Thermal plant operation characteristics have been analyzed. The interaction rules of hydrothermal power systems has been revealed by using mathematical analysis methods. At last, some energy-saving measures for hydrothermal power systems were proposed to make the power systems operate economically.
Chapter3Electromagnetism-like mechanism (ELM):Swarm intelligence algorithms in solving nonlinear optimization problem have outstanding advantage. A novel swarm intelligence algorithm named Electromagnetism-like mechanism was studied in this chapter. By through analyzing algorithm theoretical basis, optimization principle and general theoretical framework, some factors affecting the algorithm's optimization performance were revealed. The enhanced Electromagnetism-like mechanism with single direction force were put forward for solving large-scale optimization problems effectively. Global convergence of the algorithm provides theoretical basis for solving power system energy-saving dispatch model.
Chapter4hydrothermal power systems single objective energy-saving dispatch and optimization method:The coordination condition and dynamic water spillage mathematical model for hydroelectric plants were constructed. A novel single objective energy-saving dispatch model of hydrothermal power systems has been put forward based on dynamic water discharge limits. To solve the model effectively, a hybrid swarm intelligence algorithms with genetic operators and Electromagnetism-like mechanism was applied in solving the single objective energy-saving model.
Chapter5hydrothermal power systems multi-objective energy-saving dispatch and optimization method:A novel multi objective energy-saving dispatch model for hydrothermal power systems was established which can realize the coordination of water, environment, energy saving and so on. To solve the multi-objective dispatch model effectively, a hybrid multi-objective method with Electromagnetism-like mechanism and data envelopment analysis was put forward which without considering the characteristics of the objective function. At the same time, the method can reduce the multiple goal decision making under blindness by through bi-criterion with optimization objective and comprehensive benefits.
The sixth chapter summarizes the main work of full text and achievements of the dissertation. Finally, the future research contents have been put forward.
引文
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