企业内部环境审计运作模式的研究
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摘要
随着工业文明的飞速发展和人口的激增,自然资源的消耗和污染也在不断加剧。环境的持续恶化和社会可持续发展的要求迫使企业加倍关注环境保护和内部的可持续发展。企业管理的绿色化也要求企业内部设置保护环境的机构和人员,并且自觉实施环境审计。本文在总结国内外开展企业环境审计理论研究成果和实践经验的基础上,提出了企业环境审计运作的模式和具体运作措施,以期对企业加强环境管理、开展环境审计提供理论指导。
     本文首先揭示了企业内部进行环境审计的必要性、可行性及具备的特点,然后分析了现有环境审计运作模式的优缺点,提出了环境审计运作模式的构成要素,并且按照环境审计的内容分别界定了环境财务审计、环境合规审计和环境绩效审计的详细运作内容,从而构建一个完整的环境审计运作模式。最后,本文分析了与企业环境审计密切相关的一些问题。
     本文的创新点在于:将审计学的研究建立在环境学、管理学、经济学等学科的基础上,将环境审计作为环境管理系统的一个重要子系统,从环境审计主体、环境审计对象和内容、环境审计目标、环境审计准则、环境审计程序、环境审计方法、环境审计报告等7个要素阐述了我国现阶段企业进行环境财务、环境合规和环境绩效审计运作的模式,并分析了企业进行环境审计的障碍、难点、条件以及相关问题。
With the rapid development of industry civilization, population is increasing largely, natural resources are consumed and polluted constantly, environmental deterioration and the strategy of social sustainable development make enterprises pay high attention to the protection of environment and the internal sustainable development. At the same time, green management of enterprises asks that modern enterprises not only establish theirs environment organizations and personnel, but also take active measures to implement environmental audit. The internal environmental audit of enterprises plays an important part in the running of environmental management system. So the research objective of this article aims at the internal environmental audit of enterprises (including companies), on the basis of summarizing the theory research outcome and practical experiences of implementing environmental audit that china and west countries have accumulated. The article raises the model of audit operation and relevant measures in order to hold theory help for enterprises to strengthen environmental management and operate environmental audit.
    Firstly, the article points out the necessity, flexibility and features on the internal audit of enterprises , then introduces and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages about the model of operation of environmental audit in the existence, and raises the factors included , and defines every factor of environmental financial, lawful and performance audit in accordance of the content in order to build a integrated model of environmental audit. At last,, the article analyzes some revelent problems.
    The research of environmental audit is established on the basis of the science of environment, management, environmental management, economics, audit and etc. Environmental audit is an important part of environmental management system. The article classifies environmental audit into financial, lawful and performance audit, and analyzes and formulates the concrete model of operation of the three environmental audit from seven parts, including environmental audit body, content, objective, criteria, process, method and report. At last the article analyzes the obstacles, difficulties, positions and other relevant problems during the implementation of environmental audit. Such are the innovations of the article.
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