区域创新网络结构与协同演化研究
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摘要
随着知识全球化和网络经济的不断深入,区域经济发展方式已逐步从生产要素驱动模式向创新驱动模式转变,更加强调了知识、信息等创新要素在空间配置效率及创新的重要性。技术创新模式也已从传统的线性创新模式向网络式创新进行转变。在区域经济发展方式和技术创新模式的双重变化的背景下,区域创新网络便应运而生,并逐渐成为区域经济发展的重要驱动力。加强对区域创新网络的结构、效率、演化等方面问题的研究,有助于科学地把握区域创新网络中的关键问题,从而制定相关政策,提高区域创新能力,实现区域经济的跨越式发展。
20世纪80年代,国内外学者从不同的角度对区域创新网络概念、特征、功能等方面的问题进行了研究,但对区域创新网络的内部结构及其对创新效率的影响、协同演化等方面的问题亟待深入,尤其是区域创新网络协同演化状态的实证研究匮乏。为此,本研究以中国30省级区域创新网络为研究对象,从静态和动态两个角度对区域创新网络的结构特征、效率及协同演化问题进行研究。具体而言,结合区域创新、技术创新等相关理论和研究成果,对区域创新网络的结构及特征进行分析,并探讨网络规模、网络开放性、网络结构洞和网络链接结构特征变量与创新效率之间的关系。随后借助复杂系统论的思想,对区域创新网络的系统结构进行解析,运用复合系统协同度模型对区域创新网络的协同演化状态进行测度,分析区域创新网络的薄弱环节,并建立评价标准对各区域创新网络的演化状态进行评价。在此基础上,对区域创新网络存在的问题进行分析,并结合协同学的思想,对区域创新网络的协同机制进行构建,并提出保障措施,以期为发挥创新网络在推动区域经济发展中的重要作用,提供理论和实践的参考。
本研究的主要研究内容包括：
第一,界定区域创新网络的概念。本研究主要通过对技术创新模式和区域发展方式的转变的分析,对区域创新网络的形成背景进行概述,并结合国内外对创新网络、区域创新网络等相关研究,对区域创新网络的概念进行界定,为本研究的后续研究奠定理论基础。
第二,研究分析区域创新网络的结构及特征。本研究借助社会网络分析方法,从结构维度和关系维度对区域创新网络的结构特征进行分析,将区域创新网络结构特征分为网络规模、网络开放性、网络结构洞、网络链接等四个维度,并从理论上分析网络结构特征对创新的影响。
第三,实证研究区域创新网络的结构特征对创新绩效的影响。结合网络规模、网络开放性、网络结构洞、网络链接等结构特征变量,选取相关指标,构建区域创新网络结构特征变量指标体系,运用随机前沿分析方法,探究了区域创新网络结构特征与创新绩效之间的关系,并对区域创新效率进行评价。
第四,实证研究区域创新网络的协同演化状态。本研究结合自组织理论,对区域创新网络的自组织特征进行分析,后结合复杂系统论的思想,对区域创新网络的系统结构进行解析,将其划分为政策支持、技术研发、技术扩散等四个子系统,运用复合系统协同度模型对区域创新网络的协同演化状态进行测度,构建演化状态评价标准,对各区域创新网络的演化状态进行评价,分析区域创新网络协同演化中的薄弱环节。
第五,促进区域创新网络协同演化的对策研究。本研究通过对区域创新网络的静态和动态分析,归纳区域创新网络协同演化存在的问题,并结合协同学的思想,对区域创新网络的协同机制进行构建,并从完善区域创新政策体系、搭建区域性协同创新网络平台等角度,提出若干保障措施,以不断促进区域创新网络的协同演化。
With globalization of knowledge and network economy, the development of regional economic development has gradually shift to innovation-driven mode from the production factors driving mode, which gives a greater emphasis on the importance of knowledge, information and other innovative resources. The innovation pattern has changed from the traditional linear innovation to network-based innovation. The regional innovation networks have come into being, and become an important driving force for regional economic development gradually. Therefore, we should pay more attention on regional innovation networks structure, function, co-evolution and other issues, which can contribute to scientifically formulate corresponding policies to enhance regional innovation capacity, and promote the rapid development of the economy.
Since the1980's, scholars has been studying on the concepts, features, functions and other aspects of regional innovation networks from different perspectives, but the lacking in the relationship between structure of regional innovation networks and innovation efficiency, operating mechanism, especially empirical study of the evolution of the state of regional innovation networks. So this paper takes30provincial regional innovation networks in China to study these issues. Specifically, using regional innovation, technological innovation and other theories to analyze the structural characteristics of regional innovation networks, and employ Stochastic frontier production function to explore the impact of network size, network openness, network relational structure characteristic variables holes and network link on innovation efficiency. Then using complex system theory to study the system structure of the regional innovation networks, on this basis, we use complex systems coordination degree model to measure the co-evolutionary status of30provincial regional innovation networks, and analyze the weaknesses of regional innovation networks. We build the evaluation criteria for its evaluation. At last, we employ synergetic theory to construct collaborative operating mechanism of regional innovation networks, which can provide theoretical in promoting the practice of regional economic development.
The main contents of this paper as follows:
(1) Defining the concept and functions of regional innovation networks. In this paper, we analyze the changing of the patterns of technology innovation and regional economic development to explore the background of the formation of regional innovation networks. We combine with innovation networks, regional innovation networks and others literatures to define the concept and functions of regional innovation networks, which can provide methodological foundation for the study.
(2) Analyzing structural features of regional innovation networks. We employ social network analysis method to analyze the structural characteristics of regional innovation networks, and divided it into network size, network openness, network structural holes and network links from the structural and relational dimensions. We also analyze the impact of network structure of regional innovation network theoretically.
(3) Exploring the relationship between structural characteristics of regional innovation networks and its innovation performance. We employ social network analysis method to analyze the structural characteristics of regional innovation networks, and divide the structural characteristics into network size, network openness, network structural holes and network links. Then we use stochastic frontier analysis to study the relationship between the structural characteristics and its innovation efficiency, and evaluate the innovation efficiency of regional innovation networks.
(4) Measuring the co-evolutionary status of regional innovation networks. We use self-organization theory to analyze the evolutionary stage and connotation. Then we divide the system structure of regional innovation networks into policy support, technology development, technology diffusion, and technology application four sub-systems. We use complex systems theory model to measure the evolutionary status of regional innovation networks, and construct evolutionary state evaluation criteria for the evolution of30regional innovation networks. At last, we explore the weaknesses of each regional innovation networks.
(5) Enhancing the co-evolution of regional innovation networks. Through the static and dynamic analysis of regional innovation network, summarized the evolution of regional innovation network coordination problems. We use synergetic theory and other related theories to construct collaborative operation mechanism of regional innovation networks, and provide some policy recommendations to achieve coordinated development of regional innovation networks, such as improving regional innovation policy system, building research cooperation network, optimizing the structure of regional innovation network, building regional collaborative innovation network platform and so on.
20世纪80年代,国内外学者从不同的角度对区域创新网络概念、特征、功能等方面的问题进行了研究,但对区域创新网络的内部结构及其对创新效率的影响、协同演化等方面的问题亟待深入,尤其是区域创新网络协同演化状态的实证研究匮乏。为此,本研究以中国30省级区域创新网络为研究对象,从静态和动态两个角度对区域创新网络的结构特征、效率及协同演化问题进行研究。具体而言,结合区域创新、技术创新等相关理论和研究成果,对区域创新网络的结构及特征进行分析,并探讨网络规模、网络开放性、网络结构洞和网络链接结构特征变量与创新效率之间的关系。随后借助复杂系统论的思想,对区域创新网络的系统结构进行解析,运用复合系统协同度模型对区域创新网络的协同演化状态进行测度,分析区域创新网络的薄弱环节,并建立评价标准对各区域创新网络的演化状态进行评价。在此基础上,对区域创新网络存在的问题进行分析,并结合协同学的思想,对区域创新网络的协同机制进行构建,并提出保障措施,以期为发挥创新网络在推动区域经济发展中的重要作用,提供理论和实践的参考。
本研究的主要研究内容包括：
第一,界定区域创新网络的概念。本研究主要通过对技术创新模式和区域发展方式的转变的分析,对区域创新网络的形成背景进行概述,并结合国内外对创新网络、区域创新网络等相关研究,对区域创新网络的概念进行界定,为本研究的后续研究奠定理论基础。
第二,研究分析区域创新网络的结构及特征。本研究借助社会网络分析方法,从结构维度和关系维度对区域创新网络的结构特征进行分析,将区域创新网络结构特征分为网络规模、网络开放性、网络结构洞、网络链接等四个维度,并从理论上分析网络结构特征对创新的影响。
第三,实证研究区域创新网络的结构特征对创新绩效的影响。结合网络规模、网络开放性、网络结构洞、网络链接等结构特征变量,选取相关指标,构建区域创新网络结构特征变量指标体系,运用随机前沿分析方法,探究了区域创新网络结构特征与创新绩效之间的关系,并对区域创新效率进行评价。
第四,实证研究区域创新网络的协同演化状态。本研究结合自组织理论,对区域创新网络的自组织特征进行分析,后结合复杂系统论的思想,对区域创新网络的系统结构进行解析,将其划分为政策支持、技术研发、技术扩散等四个子系统,运用复合系统协同度模型对区域创新网络的协同演化状态进行测度,构建演化状态评价标准,对各区域创新网络的演化状态进行评价,分析区域创新网络协同演化中的薄弱环节。
第五,促进区域创新网络协同演化的对策研究。本研究通过对区域创新网络的静态和动态分析,归纳区域创新网络协同演化存在的问题,并结合协同学的思想,对区域创新网络的协同机制进行构建,并从完善区域创新政策体系、搭建区域性协同创新网络平台等角度,提出若干保障措施,以不断促进区域创新网络的协同演化。
With globalization of knowledge and network economy, the development of regional economic development has gradually shift to innovation-driven mode from the production factors driving mode, which gives a greater emphasis on the importance of knowledge, information and other innovative resources. The innovation pattern has changed from the traditional linear innovation to network-based innovation. The regional innovation networks have come into being, and become an important driving force for regional economic development gradually. Therefore, we should pay more attention on regional innovation networks structure, function, co-evolution and other issues, which can contribute to scientifically formulate corresponding policies to enhance regional innovation capacity, and promote the rapid development of the economy.
Since the1980's, scholars has been studying on the concepts, features, functions and other aspects of regional innovation networks from different perspectives, but the lacking in the relationship between structure of regional innovation networks and innovation efficiency, operating mechanism, especially empirical study of the evolution of the state of regional innovation networks. So this paper takes30provincial regional innovation networks in China to study these issues. Specifically, using regional innovation, technological innovation and other theories to analyze the structural characteristics of regional innovation networks, and employ Stochastic frontier production function to explore the impact of network size, network openness, network relational structure characteristic variables holes and network link on innovation efficiency. Then using complex system theory to study the system structure of the regional innovation networks, on this basis, we use complex systems coordination degree model to measure the co-evolutionary status of30provincial regional innovation networks, and analyze the weaknesses of regional innovation networks. We build the evaluation criteria for its evaluation. At last, we employ synergetic theory to construct collaborative operating mechanism of regional innovation networks, which can provide theoretical in promoting the practice of regional economic development.
The main contents of this paper as follows:
(1) Defining the concept and functions of regional innovation networks. In this paper, we analyze the changing of the patterns of technology innovation and regional economic development to explore the background of the formation of regional innovation networks. We combine with innovation networks, regional innovation networks and others literatures to define the concept and functions of regional innovation networks, which can provide methodological foundation for the study.
(2) Analyzing structural features of regional innovation networks. We employ social network analysis method to analyze the structural characteristics of regional innovation networks, and divided it into network size, network openness, network structural holes and network links from the structural and relational dimensions. We also analyze the impact of network structure of regional innovation network theoretically.
(3) Exploring the relationship between structural characteristics of regional innovation networks and its innovation performance. We employ social network analysis method to analyze the structural characteristics of regional innovation networks, and divide the structural characteristics into network size, network openness, network structural holes and network links. Then we use stochastic frontier analysis to study the relationship between the structural characteristics and its innovation efficiency, and evaluate the innovation efficiency of regional innovation networks.
(4) Measuring the co-evolutionary status of regional innovation networks. We use self-organization theory to analyze the evolutionary stage and connotation. Then we divide the system structure of regional innovation networks into policy support, technology development, technology diffusion, and technology application four sub-systems. We use complex systems theory model to measure the evolutionary status of regional innovation networks, and construct evolutionary state evaluation criteria for the evolution of30regional innovation networks. At last, we explore the weaknesses of each regional innovation networks.
(5) Enhancing the co-evolution of regional innovation networks. Through the static and dynamic analysis of regional innovation network, summarized the evolution of regional innovation network coordination problems. We use synergetic theory and other related theories to construct collaborative operation mechanism of regional innovation networks, and provide some policy recommendations to achieve coordinated development of regional innovation networks, such as improving regional innovation policy system, building research cooperation network, optimizing the structure of regional innovation network, building regional collaborative innovation network platform and so on.
引文
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