基于SOPC的1553B接口技术研究
|
摘要
美国军用数据总线标准MIL-STD-1553B是一种集中控制式、飞机内部时分指令／响应型多路串行数据总线标准，具有高可靠性和灵活性，已经成为现代航空机载系统设备互联的关键技术，广泛的应用于飞机、舰船、坦克等武器平台上，并逐渐应用到民用的领域中。1553B总线系统的关键部分是总线接口芯片。
本论文在详细研究MIL-STD-1553B数据总线协议以及参考国外芯片设计的基础上，结合目前新兴的SOPC技术，提出了一种全新的基于SOPC的1553B总线BC／RT／MT通用接口芯片的设计方法。从专用芯片实现的具体功能出发，采用SOPC技术将NIOS Ⅱ软核处理器与各种功能模块按照设计的需要集成在FPGA内部完成整个系统的逻辑功能，并外加了模拟收发器实现1553B总线通用接口。另外还在NIOS Ⅱ IDE开发环境中编写测试软件使接口芯片可以工作在三种工作方式中的任何一种(BC、RT、MT)。最后设计了接口芯片系统的测试电路，选TMS320LF2407作为宿主机，对接口芯片系统模块进行整体测试，
验证的结果表明本文提出的设计方案是合理的，设计的1553B总线通用接口芯片可以实现三种类型的终端功能，能够处理多种各式的消息传输，具有较强的检错能力。SOPC技术实现了硬件设计软件化，使总线接口电路的设计的灵活性大大增强，缩短了设计周期，提高了系统性能与通用性，有利于系统的扩展。
MIL-STD-1553B, the America military data bus standard, is a aircraft internal time division command/response multiplex serial data avionic bus standard . With the high reliability and agility,the multiplex transmission bus is widely applied in aeroplane, warship and tank. The key to the 1553B bus system is to design 1553B data bus interface chip.
After studying the MIL-STD-1553B protocol and design of foreign chip product, combining the presently rising SOPC technology,this paper puts forward a new project of designing the 1553B bus BC/RT/MT universal interface based on SOPC technology.According to the detailed function of interface chip and the SOPC technology , the NIOS II soft-core processor and functional modules needed design are integrated in a FPGA to accomplish system logic function .And FPGA and analog transceiver are connected to implement 1553B bus universal interface. Besides,test software is developed in NIOS II IDE to achieve three kinds of termimal functions. At last, the testing circuit of whole controller system modules is designed. Select the TMS320LF2407 as the primary CPU, and test the whole bus interface system.
The result of validate indicates that the design in this paper is reasonable and right. The 1553B bus interface is a general one while have three kinds of terminal function. Meanwhile it can process a variety of message communications in multiple formats,and have great function of detect error.As the SOPC technology was used ,some circuit functions traditionally provided by hardware would be involved with software .The method improve flexibility and shorten the design period,hence the system capability .universality and expansibility.
本论文在详细研究MIL-STD-1553B数据总线协议以及参考国外芯片设计的基础上，结合目前新兴的SOPC技术，提出了一种全新的基于SOPC的1553B总线BC／RT／MT通用接口芯片的设计方法。从专用芯片实现的具体功能出发，采用SOPC技术将NIOS Ⅱ软核处理器与各种功能模块按照设计的需要集成在FPGA内部完成整个系统的逻辑功能，并外加了模拟收发器实现1553B总线通用接口。另外还在NIOS Ⅱ IDE开发环境中编写测试软件使接口芯片可以工作在三种工作方式中的任何一种(BC、RT、MT)。最后设计了接口芯片系统的测试电路，选TMS320LF2407作为宿主机，对接口芯片系统模块进行整体测试，
验证的结果表明本文提出的设计方案是合理的，设计的1553B总线通用接口芯片可以实现三种类型的终端功能，能够处理多种各式的消息传输，具有较强的检错能力。SOPC技术实现了硬件设计软件化，使总线接口电路的设计的灵活性大大增强，缩短了设计周期，提高了系统性能与通用性，有利于系统的扩展。
MIL-STD-1553B, the America military data bus standard, is a aircraft internal time division command/response multiplex serial data avionic bus standard . With the high reliability and agility,the multiplex transmission bus is widely applied in aeroplane, warship and tank. The key to the 1553B bus system is to design 1553B data bus interface chip.
After studying the MIL-STD-1553B protocol and design of foreign chip product, combining the presently rising SOPC technology,this paper puts forward a new project of designing the 1553B bus BC/RT/MT universal interface based on SOPC technology.According to the detailed function of interface chip and the SOPC technology , the NIOS II soft-core processor and functional modules needed design are integrated in a FPGA to accomplish system logic function .And FPGA and analog transceiver are connected to implement 1553B bus universal interface. Besides,test software is developed in NIOS II IDE to achieve three kinds of termimal functions. At last, the testing circuit of whole controller system modules is designed. Select the TMS320LF2407 as the primary CPU, and test the whole bus interface system.
The result of validate indicates that the design in this paper is reasonable and right. The 1553B bus interface is a general one while have three kinds of terminal function. Meanwhile it can process a variety of message communications in multiple formats,and have great function of detect error.As the SOPC technology was used ,some circuit functions traditionally provided by hardware would be involved with software .The method improve flexibility and shorten the design period,hence the system capability .universality and expansibility.
引文
1．潘松，黄继业，曾毓．SOPC技术实用教程．北京：清华大学出版社．2005
2．刘和平，严利平，张学锋．TMS320LF240x DSP结构、原理及应用．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社．2002
3．候伯亨，顾新．VHDL硬件描述语言与数字逻辑电路设计．西安：西安电子科技大学出版社．2002
4. Altera Corportation. Nios Ⅱ Processor Reference Handbook. September 2004
5. Altera Corportation. Nios Ⅱ Software Developer's Handbook. September 2004
6．王友仁，严仰光，陈鸿茂．飞机电气系统综合技术综述．航空电子技术。1998年第3期．44～48
7. Altera Corportation. Nios Ⅱ Hardware Development Tutorial. September 2004
8．张雄伟，曹铁勇．DSP芯片的原理与开发应用(第二版)．北京：电子工业出版社．2001
9．章云，谢莉萍，熊红艳．DSP控制器及其应用．北京：机械工业出版社．2001
10. Altera Corportation. Nios ti Flash Programmer User Guide. September 2004
11. Altera Corportation. Nios Development Board Reference Manual, Cyclone Edition. September 2004
12. Altera Corportation. MAX Series Configuration Controller using Flash Memory. September 2004
13. DDC Corportation. ACE/Mini-ACE Series BC/RT/MT Advanced Communication Engine Integrated 1553 Terminal User's Guide. 1999
14. DDC Corportation. MIL-STD-1553A/B NOTICE2 RT AND BC/RT/MT, ADVANCED COMMUNICATION ENGINE(ACE). 1999
15. DDC Corportation. MIL-STD-1553DESIGNER'S GUIDE. 1999
16．北京瑞软软件技术有限公司．1553B应用．2004
17. Altera Corportation. Creating Multiprocessor Nios Ⅱ System Tutorial. September 2005
18. Altera Corportation. Using Nios Ⅱ Tightly Coupled Memory Tutorial. September 2005
19. Altera Corportation. Quartus Ⅱ Verion 5.0 Handbook. September 2004
20. Altera Corportation. Cyclone Device Handbook. September 2005
21. Altera Corportation. Avalon Interface Specification. September 2005
22．徐光辉，程东旭，黄如等．基于FPGA的嵌入式开发与应用．北京：电子工业出版社．2006
23. Altera Corportation. Quick Start Guide For Quartus Ⅱ Software. September 2004
24. Altera Corportation. Nios Ⅱ Hardware Development Tutorial. September 2004
25. Altera Corportation. Configuration Handbook. September 2005
26. Altera Corportation. Designing with Nios Ⅱ and SOPC Builder. September 2005
27. Mentor Graphics Corporation. SE User's Manual Version 6.0. 2004
28．航空航天部第301研究所．MIL-HDBK-1553多路传输数据总线应用手册．北京．1999
29．罗志强．航空电子综合化系统．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社．1990
30. Yunfeng Bai,Zucheng Zhou,Junbi Chen. The plementation of MIL-STD-1553B processor ASIC, 1996. 2nd International Conference on, 21-24 Oct. 1996
31．吴勇，朱建民，朱培申等．航电综合化系统总线接口板研究设计．火力与挥控制．2001年第3期．27～31
32. Altera Corportation. Using Lightweight IP with the Nios Ⅱ Processor Tutorial. September 2004
33．瑞泰凯博科技有限公司．1553B总线简介．2004
34．牛风举，刘元成等．基于IP复用的数字IC设计技术．北京：电子工业出版社．2003
35. Altera Corportation. Cyclone Ⅱ Device Handbook. September 2005
36. Altera Corportation. ByteBlaster Ⅱ Download Cable User Guide. September 2004
37．王诚，吴继华．Altera FPGA／CPLD设计(基础篇)．北京：人民邮电出版社．2005
38．王诚，吴继华．Altera FPGA／CPLD设计(高级篇)．北京：人民邮电出版社．2005
39．宋强．HK1553B电路的设计与测试．航空计算技术．2002年12月第4期．72～75
40．周立功等．SOPC嵌入式系统基础教程．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社．2006
41. Altera Corportation. Application Note 370.Using the Serial FlashLoader With the Quartus Ⅱ Software.ver. 1.0. September 2004
42．北京个新科技有限公司．SOPC与嵌入式系统软硬件协同设计．唐思章 黄强．2005．11
43．邵舒渊，周巍，史浩山等．SOPC：高效、灵活的SOC解决方案．2005年处理器与FPGA论文集．北京：电子产品世界杂志社．2005．4．10～13
44．徐丽清．1553B总线接口技术研究及FPGA实现．硕士学位论文．西北工业大学．2006
45．彭澄廉．挑战SOC-基于NIOS的SOPC设计与实践．北京：清华大学出版社．2004
46．郭书军，王玉花，葛纫秋．嵌入式处理器原理及应用-Nios系统设计和C语言编程．北京：清华大学出版社．2004
47．李志刚．1553B总线测试系统的设计与实现．硕士学位论文．西北工业大学．2005
48．费建江．军用1553B数据总线协议处理器IP核的设计与实现．硕士学位论文．南京航空航天大学．2004
49．柯赓．PLD与SOPC系统设计技术．国防工业出版社．2006
50．林强，熊华钢，张其善．DSP在1553总线接口技术中的应用．微机算机应用．2004年第2期．25～27
51. Altera Corportation. Stratix Device Handbook. September 2005
2．刘和平，严利平，张学锋．TMS320LF240x DSP结构、原理及应用．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社．2002
3．候伯亨，顾新．VHDL硬件描述语言与数字逻辑电路设计．西安：西安电子科技大学出版社．2002
4. Altera Corportation. Nios Ⅱ Processor Reference Handbook. September 2004
5. Altera Corportation. Nios Ⅱ Software Developer's Handbook. September 2004
6．王友仁，严仰光，陈鸿茂．飞机电气系统综合技术综述．航空电子技术。1998年第3期．44～48
7. Altera Corportation. Nios Ⅱ Hardware Development Tutorial. September 2004
8．张雄伟，曹铁勇．DSP芯片的原理与开发应用(第二版)．北京：电子工业出版社．2001
9．章云，谢莉萍，熊红艳．DSP控制器及其应用．北京：机械工业出版社．2001
10. Altera Corportation. Nios ti Flash Programmer User Guide. September 2004
11. Altera Corportation. Nios Development Board Reference Manual, Cyclone Edition. September 2004
12. Altera Corportation. MAX Series Configuration Controller using Flash Memory. September 2004
13. DDC Corportation. ACE/Mini-ACE Series BC/RT/MT Advanced Communication Engine Integrated 1553 Terminal User's Guide. 1999
14. DDC Corportation. MIL-STD-1553A/B NOTICE2 RT AND BC/RT/MT, ADVANCED COMMUNICATION ENGINE(ACE). 1999
15. DDC Corportation. MIL-STD-1553DESIGNER'S GUIDE. 1999
16．北京瑞软软件技术有限公司．1553B应用．2004
17. Altera Corportation. Creating Multiprocessor Nios Ⅱ System Tutorial. September 2005
18. Altera Corportation. Using Nios Ⅱ Tightly Coupled Memory Tutorial. September 2005
19. Altera Corportation. Quartus Ⅱ Verion 5.0 Handbook. September 2004
20. Altera Corportation. Cyclone Device Handbook. September 2005
21. Altera Corportation. Avalon Interface Specification. September 2005
22．徐光辉，程东旭，黄如等．基于FPGA的嵌入式开发与应用．北京：电子工业出版社．2006
23. Altera Corportation. Quick Start Guide For Quartus Ⅱ Software. September 2004
24. Altera Corportation. Nios Ⅱ Hardware Development Tutorial. September 2004
25. Altera Corportation. Configuration Handbook. September 2005
26. Altera Corportation. Designing with Nios Ⅱ and SOPC Builder. September 2005
27. Mentor Graphics Corporation. SE User's Manual Version 6.0. 2004
28．航空航天部第301研究所．MIL-HDBK-1553多路传输数据总线应用手册．北京．1999
29．罗志强．航空电子综合化系统．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社．1990
30. Yunfeng Bai,Zucheng Zhou,Junbi Chen. The plementation of MIL-STD-1553B processor ASIC, 1996. 2nd International Conference on, 21-24 Oct. 1996
31．吴勇，朱建民，朱培申等．航电综合化系统总线接口板研究设计．火力与挥控制．2001年第3期．27～31
32. Altera Corportation. Using Lightweight IP with the Nios Ⅱ Processor Tutorial. September 2004
33．瑞泰凯博科技有限公司．1553B总线简介．2004
34．牛风举，刘元成等．基于IP复用的数字IC设计技术．北京：电子工业出版社．2003
35. Altera Corportation. Cyclone Ⅱ Device Handbook. September 2005
36. Altera Corportation. ByteBlaster Ⅱ Download Cable User Guide. September 2004
37．王诚，吴继华．Altera FPGA／CPLD设计(基础篇)．北京：人民邮电出版社．2005
38．王诚，吴继华．Altera FPGA／CPLD设计(高级篇)．北京：人民邮电出版社．2005
39．宋强．HK1553B电路的设计与测试．航空计算技术．2002年12月第4期．72～75
40．周立功等．SOPC嵌入式系统基础教程．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社．2006
41. Altera Corportation. Application Note 370.Using the Serial FlashLoader With the Quartus Ⅱ Software.ver. 1.0. September 2004
42．北京个新科技有限公司．SOPC与嵌入式系统软硬件协同设计．唐思章 黄强．2005．11
43．邵舒渊，周巍，史浩山等．SOPC：高效、灵活的SOC解决方案．2005年处理器与FPGA论文集．北京：电子产品世界杂志社．2005．4．10～13
44．徐丽清．1553B总线接口技术研究及FPGA实现．硕士学位论文．西北工业大学．2006
45．彭澄廉．挑战SOC-基于NIOS的SOPC设计与实践．北京：清华大学出版社．2004
46．郭书军，王玉花，葛纫秋．嵌入式处理器原理及应用-Nios系统设计和C语言编程．北京：清华大学出版社．2004
47．李志刚．1553B总线测试系统的设计与实现．硕士学位论文．西北工业大学．2005
48．费建江．军用1553B数据总线协议处理器IP核的设计与实现．硕士学位论文．南京航空航天大学．2004
49．柯赓．PLD与SOPC系统设计技术．国防工业出版社．2006
50．林强，熊华钢，张其善．DSP在1553总线接口技术中的应用．微机算机应用．2004年第2期．25～27
51. Altera Corportation. Stratix Device Handbook. September 2005