船舶柴油机环氧树脂垫片安装的理论计算和工艺研究
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摘要
随着造船业的不断发展,浇注式环氧树脂主机垫块的应用已日趋增多。由于环氧树脂可现场浇注,一次成形,施工周期短,并且具有隔热、隔振、抗压和耐腐蚀的特征,因此在国外绝大多数的船舶主机安装都采用浇注式环氧树脂垫块工艺。但在国内,船舶主机安装大多数仍采用传统的金属垫片,这主要是由于对金属垫块的设计、加工和安装已有一套较为成熟的经验,而对于环氧树脂垫块的理论计算和浇注工艺,尚缺乏船级社认可的完整方法,加上环氧树脂材料较金属垫块贵,故目前我国应用尚少。但随着我国改革开放的深入,造船技术的不断发展,国内人工成本的不断上涨,环氧树脂垫块的技术优势将会凸现,其在主机定位安装中的应用将必然会取代金属垫块。
论文通过对主机机座—垫块—基座系统的接触刚度分析、金属垫片和环氧树脂垫片在船舶主机安装中的优缺点分析以及环氧树脂垫片的可靠性和经济性分析,得出环氧树脂垫片应用于船用主机安装的优越性。
论文还对实际情况下船用主机环氧树脂垫片安装的理论计算、现场浇注安装关键工序和监督检验过程进行了研究分析,对于进一步完善其计算方法、安装工艺、检验方法和依据提出了建议与改进措施,并在本人所监造的5800DWT杂货船和20000DWT散货船主机安装中得以应用,收到了良好的效果。
Along with the continuous development of the shipbuilding industry, the using of pouring epoxy resin as marine main engine's base gasket has become increasingly frequent. Since epoxy resin can be processed, installed and shaped at site, and shorten the installation period. At the same time, the epoxy resin have properties of good insulation, anti-vibration, pressure borne and corrosion resistant, a majority of marine Main Engine are using epoxy resin as base gasket overseas. However, at home, the majority of marine Main Engine still using traditional metal shim, mainly due to the design, processing and installation of the metal shim were technical maturity, and also for the theoretical calculation and installation process of epoxy resin gasket were lack of integrity method which can be accepted by classification society. In addition, the epoxy resin material is more expensive than metal shim. But with the reform and opening-up processed in this country, the continued development of shipbuilding technology and the rising domestic labour costs, the technical advantage of the epoxy resin will stand out, and it will replace the metal shim as the marine Main Engine's base gasket.
The contact rigidity of the marine main engine's bedplate—the shim—ship's bottom deck were studied, the advantages and disadvantages of the metal shim and the epoxy resin using as the base gasket of marine main engine were analyzed, and the reliability and economic analysis to the epoxy resin was also carried out in this paper. According to these study and analysis , it was found that using epoxy resin as marine main engine's base gasket were superiority over the metal shim.
The theoretical calculation、the key procedure of installation and the supervision and inspection processes for the epoxy resin using as marine main engine's shim were studied and analyzed in this paper. And based on the study and analysis , improving measures and recommendations were advised. Also the achievements in this paper were applied to the main engine installation of the 5800DWT general cargo ship and 20000DWT bulk carrier.
论文通过对主机机座—垫块—基座系统的接触刚度分析、金属垫片和环氧树脂垫片在船舶主机安装中的优缺点分析以及环氧树脂垫片的可靠性和经济性分析,得出环氧树脂垫片应用于船用主机安装的优越性。
论文还对实际情况下船用主机环氧树脂垫片安装的理论计算、现场浇注安装关键工序和监督检验过程进行了研究分析,对于进一步完善其计算方法、安装工艺、检验方法和依据提出了建议与改进措施,并在本人所监造的5800DWT杂货船和20000DWT散货船主机安装中得以应用,收到了良好的效果。
Along with the continuous development of the shipbuilding industry, the using of pouring epoxy resin as marine main engine's base gasket has become increasingly frequent. Since epoxy resin can be processed, installed and shaped at site, and shorten the installation period. At the same time, the epoxy resin have properties of good insulation, anti-vibration, pressure borne and corrosion resistant, a majority of marine Main Engine are using epoxy resin as base gasket overseas. However, at home, the majority of marine Main Engine still using traditional metal shim, mainly due to the design, processing and installation of the metal shim were technical maturity, and also for the theoretical calculation and installation process of epoxy resin gasket were lack of integrity method which can be accepted by classification society. In addition, the epoxy resin material is more expensive than metal shim. But with the reform and opening-up processed in this country, the continued development of shipbuilding technology and the rising domestic labour costs, the technical advantage of the epoxy resin will stand out, and it will replace the metal shim as the marine Main Engine's base gasket.
The contact rigidity of the marine main engine's bedplate—the shim—ship's bottom deck were studied, the advantages and disadvantages of the metal shim and the epoxy resin using as the base gasket of marine main engine were analyzed, and the reliability and economic analysis to the epoxy resin was also carried out in this paper. According to these study and analysis , it was found that using epoxy resin as marine main engine's base gasket were superiority over the metal shim.
The theoretical calculation、the key procedure of installation and the supervision and inspection processes for the epoxy resin using as marine main engine's shim were studied and analyzed in this paper. And based on the study and analysis , improving measures and recommendations were advised. Also the achievements in this paper were applied to the main engine installation of the 5800DWT general cargo ship and 20000DWT bulk carrier.
引文
[1]满一新 轮机维护与修理 大连 大连海事大学出版社2002.5:1-6
[2]Dr.Silke Sadowski船舶主机各种故障对主机功能和性能影响的风险评估 船舶与港口中文版,2005,(1):26-32
[3]蒋钧荣 国内外环氧树脂发展概况、热固性树脂,2002,(4):22-26
[4]祝大同 国外环氧树脂技术发展动向、第八次全国环氧树脂应用技术学术交流会论文集,1999,(4)
[5]李学富 环氧树脂的现状、发展前景及战略对策,第八次全国环氧树脂应用技术学术交流会论文集,1999,(4)
[6]MAN-B&W公司MAN-B&W二冲程柴油机环氧树脂垫块使用说明及建议,2003
[7]陈朴 JN-120A浇注环氧树脂垫片的使用,造船技术,1997,(2)12-16
[8]顾卓明 轮机工程材料、2002.8:183-193
[9]机电工程手册编辑委员会 机械工程手册工程材料卷(第二版)、北京,北京机械工业出版社,1996
[10]陈卫福等 测试机械产品结合面特性的优化识别方法、制造技术与机床,1998(9):30-33
[11]严立、黑祖昆、孙俊才 金属表面性质与表面改性、大连,大连海事大学出版社 1998
[12]陈志浩 几种典型机床调整垫铁的接触刚度,设备管理与维修1999,(1):2-6
[13](苏)IO.B.拉兹德罗全 船舶机械设备安装手册、北京 北京国防工业出版社,1986.9
[14]马尔科夫等 聚合材料在机械安装中的应用、国外造船技术,1990,(5)
[15]华自强 工程热力学,北京,高等教育出版社1986.1:1-390
[16]赵努斌,邹春平等编 船舶动力装置安装工艺学、北京、国防工业出版社,1995
[17]KOMAC.MAIN ENGINE INSTALLATION PLAN、2000
[18]李奉春 粘结技术在轮机工程安装中的优势、造船技术,2004(1)
[19]中国船级社 钢质海船入级规范、北京:人民交通出版社,2006
[20]Germanischer Lloyd Materials and Welding
[21]NIPPON KAIJI KYOKAI Rules and Guidance for the survey and construction of steel ships
[22]陶旭蜂 环氧树脂垫片的实船应用、国外造船技术,1994,(1)
[23]张松鹤、张全 船舶主机安装采用环氧树脂垫片的分析、造船技术,1993,(6)
[24]船舶行业标准CB/T 3514-92《船用环氧机座垫片技术要求》,1996
[25]Chockfast Technical Bulletin,1987.12,695A
[26]Pringer-Kiel Leaflet,Epocast 36 Properties.IKP Reports 563/1&M802-Tech.Univ.Stuffgart
[27]陈绍东Epocast 36在船舶上的应用、广东造船,1998(1)
[28]常文恭 环氧塑料在船舶主机安装中的应用总结,船舶修造、1990(2)
[29]中国船舶工业总公司编 船舶设计手册 轮机分册、北京 国防工业出版社1999
[2]Dr.Silke Sadowski船舶主机各种故障对主机功能和性能影响的风险评估 船舶与港口中文版,2005,(1):26-32
[3]蒋钧荣 国内外环氧树脂发展概况、热固性树脂,2002,(4):22-26
[4]祝大同 国外环氧树脂技术发展动向、第八次全国环氧树脂应用技术学术交流会论文集,1999,(4)
[5]李学富 环氧树脂的现状、发展前景及战略对策,第八次全国环氧树脂应用技术学术交流会论文集,1999,(4)
[6]MAN-B&W公司MAN-B&W二冲程柴油机环氧树脂垫块使用说明及建议,2003
[7]陈朴 JN-120A浇注环氧树脂垫片的使用,造船技术,1997,(2)12-16
[8]顾卓明 轮机工程材料、2002.8:183-193
[9]机电工程手册编辑委员会 机械工程手册工程材料卷(第二版)、北京,北京机械工业出版社,1996
[10]陈卫福等 测试机械产品结合面特性的优化识别方法、制造技术与机床,1998(9):30-33
[11]严立、黑祖昆、孙俊才 金属表面性质与表面改性、大连,大连海事大学出版社 1998
[12]陈志浩 几种典型机床调整垫铁的接触刚度,设备管理与维修1999,(1):2-6
[13](苏)IO.B.拉兹德罗全 船舶机械设备安装手册、北京 北京国防工业出版社,1986.9
[14]马尔科夫等 聚合材料在机械安装中的应用、国外造船技术,1990,(5)
[15]华自强 工程热力学,北京,高等教育出版社1986.1:1-390
[16]赵努斌,邹春平等编 船舶动力装置安装工艺学、北京、国防工业出版社,1995
[17]KOMAC.MAIN ENGINE INSTALLATION PLAN、2000
[18]李奉春 粘结技术在轮机工程安装中的优势、造船技术,2004(1)
[19]中国船级社 钢质海船入级规范、北京:人民交通出版社,2006
[20]Germanischer Lloyd Materials and Welding
[21]NIPPON KAIJI KYOKAI Rules and Guidance for the survey and construction of steel ships
[22]陶旭蜂 环氧树脂垫片的实船应用、国外造船技术,1994,(1)
[23]张松鹤、张全 船舶主机安装采用环氧树脂垫片的分析、造船技术,1993,(6)
[24]船舶行业标准CB/T 3514-92《船用环氧机座垫片技术要求》,1996
[25]Chockfast Technical Bulletin,1987.12,695A
[26]Pringer-Kiel Leaflet,Epocast 36 Properties.IKP Reports 563/1&M802-Tech.Univ.Stuffgart
[27]陈绍东Epocast 36在船舶上的应用、广东造船,1998(1)
[28]常文恭 环氧塑料在船舶主机安装中的应用总结,船舶修造、1990(2)
[29]中国船舶工业总公司编 船舶设计手册 轮机分册、北京 国防工业出版社1999