E.tenella感染雏鸡CD_4～+、CD_8～+T细胞的动态变化和母源免疫的研究
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摘要
本实验用免疫组化ABC法检测了柔嫩艾美耳球虫（E.tenella）感染
雏鸡后，各免疫器官法氏囊、盲肠局部、盲肠扁桃体、脾脏和胸腺中
的T淋巴细胞亚群CD_4~+和CD_8~+T淋巴细胞数的动态变化；用斑点酶
联免疫试验Dot-ELISA等方法检测了免疫母鸡卵黄和后代血清中特异
性母源抗体的动态变化及不同日龄雏鸡的抗球虫水平。结果表明：（1）
雏鸡初次感染E.tenella后，免疫器官盲肠局部、盲肠扁桃体、脾脏和
胸腺中CD_4~+T淋巴细胞都于第2d开始增殖，第6d达到峰值，法氏囊
为第8d，然后都开始逐渐下降；二次感染后第2d有短暂的下降，第
5d开始缓慢回升，第8d达到峰值，然后又下降，但第二个峰值比第
一个峰值低。（2）雏鸡初次感染E.tenella后，免疫器官法氏囊、盲肠
局部、盲肠扁桃体、脾脏和胸腺中的CD_8~+T淋巴细胞都于感染后第2d
开始增殖，第8d达到峰值，然后逐渐下降；二次感染后立即回升，
第5d达到峰值，然后缓慢下降，且第二个峰值比第一个峰值高。（3）
母鸡二次免疫后第5d卵黄中即有高水平的母源抗体，免疫母鸡后代
1日龄时母源抗体滴度高达9.83，与未免疫对照组差异极显著
（P＜0.01），二者都随着日龄增长降低，但免疫组下降幅度很小，29日
龄时仍和对照组18日龄水平相当。（4）免疫母鸡后代对再感染的抵抗
力显著增强，卵囊减少率高达93％，抗球虫指数和相对增重率都与对
照组差异极显著（P＜0.01），雏鸡的抗球虫水平随着日龄增长逐渐降低；
母源抗体、抗球虫指数和相对增重率三者之间两两呈现明显的正相
关，而这三者又都与卵囊产量呈明显的负相关。
Studies on Dynamic Changes of
CD4+ CD8+T-Lymphocytes and Maternal Immunity
in Chickens Infected with E.tenella
Abstract
Dynamic changes of CD4+ . CD8+T-Lymphocytes in bursa of
fabricius,caecal mucosa,caecal tonsail,spleen anti thymus were studied
using immunohistochemistry ABC technique;Kinetics of specific
maternal antibody in folks and chicken serums from immuned hens
through Dot-ELISA and anticoccidial levels of different-old chickens
were evaluated .The results were as follows:(l) CD4+T-Lymphocytes in
caecal mucosa,caecal tonsail,spleen and thymus began to amplify at the
2th. peaked at the 6th after primary infection with the exception of bursal
of fabricus with a peak at the 8th,then declined slowly;Transient decrrase
occurred first at the 2th after secondary infection , then began a Aow
increase and a lower peak appeared at the 8th ,after then de incd
gradually.(2) CD8+T-Lymphocytes in bursa of fabriciu+.caecal
mucosa,caecal tonsail,spleen and thymus began to amplify at the 2th ,with
a peak at the 8th after primary infection,then decreased slowly;Immediate
increase appeared and soon peaked highlier at the 5th after secondary
infection , then a stable decline was observed .(3)Higher maternal
antibodies in yolks from hens immuned two times with a significant
difference (P<0.0l)with control chickens were detected from the 5th to
17th after final immunization,serume maternal antibodies of chickens
from immuned hens was the highest at the one-day chickens ,gradually
decreased with the growth of age,but always higher than control during
the whole experiment ,until the 29-day antibody level was still the same
as that of 18-day control chickens.(4)Resistence to reinfection of
offsprings of immuned hens significantly strengthened ,the reduction rate
of oocyts is up to 93%,ACI and relative body weight increased with
significant differences(P<0 .01 )compared with control groups;Maternal
antibody,ACI and relative body weight have significant positive
correlations one another,and these three are all strong negtive correlated
with the production of oocyts.
雏鸡后，各免疫器官法氏囊、盲肠局部、盲肠扁桃体、脾脏和胸腺中
的T淋巴细胞亚群CD_4~+和CD_8~+T淋巴细胞数的动态变化；用斑点酶
联免疫试验Dot-ELISA等方法检测了免疫母鸡卵黄和后代血清中特异
性母源抗体的动态变化及不同日龄雏鸡的抗球虫水平。结果表明：（1）
雏鸡初次感染E.tenella后，免疫器官盲肠局部、盲肠扁桃体、脾脏和
胸腺中CD_4~+T淋巴细胞都于第2d开始增殖，第6d达到峰值，法氏囊
为第8d，然后都开始逐渐下降；二次感染后第2d有短暂的下降，第
5d开始缓慢回升，第8d达到峰值，然后又下降，但第二个峰值比第
一个峰值低。（2）雏鸡初次感染E.tenella后，免疫器官法氏囊、盲肠
局部、盲肠扁桃体、脾脏和胸腺中的CD_8~+T淋巴细胞都于感染后第2d
开始增殖，第8d达到峰值，然后逐渐下降；二次感染后立即回升，
第5d达到峰值，然后缓慢下降，且第二个峰值比第一个峰值高。（3）
母鸡二次免疫后第5d卵黄中即有高水平的母源抗体，免疫母鸡后代
1日龄时母源抗体滴度高达9.83，与未免疫对照组差异极显著
（P＜0.01），二者都随着日龄增长降低，但免疫组下降幅度很小，29日
龄时仍和对照组18日龄水平相当。（4）免疫母鸡后代对再感染的抵抗
力显著增强，卵囊减少率高达93％，抗球虫指数和相对增重率都与对
照组差异极显著（P＜0.01），雏鸡的抗球虫水平随着日龄增长逐渐降低；
母源抗体、抗球虫指数和相对增重率三者之间两两呈现明显的正相
关，而这三者又都与卵囊产量呈明显的负相关。
Studies on Dynamic Changes of
CD4+ CD8+T-Lymphocytes and Maternal Immunity
in Chickens Infected with E.tenella
Abstract
Dynamic changes of CD4+ . CD8+T-Lymphocytes in bursa of
fabricius,caecal mucosa,caecal tonsail,spleen anti thymus were studied
using immunohistochemistry ABC technique;Kinetics of specific
maternal antibody in folks and chicken serums from immuned hens
through Dot-ELISA and anticoccidial levels of different-old chickens
were evaluated .The results were as follows:(l) CD4+T-Lymphocytes in
caecal mucosa,caecal tonsail,spleen and thymus began to amplify at the
2th. peaked at the 6th after primary infection with the exception of bursal
of fabricus with a peak at the 8th,then declined slowly;Transient decrrase
occurred first at the 2th after secondary infection , then began a Aow
increase and a lower peak appeared at the 8th ,after then de incd
gradually.(2) CD8+T-Lymphocytes in bursa of fabriciu+.caecal
mucosa,caecal tonsail,spleen and thymus began to amplify at the 2th ,with
a peak at the 8th after primary infection,then decreased slowly;Immediate
increase appeared and soon peaked highlier at the 5th after secondary
infection , then a stable decline was observed .(3)Higher maternal
antibodies in yolks from hens immuned two times with a significant
difference (P<0.0l)with control chickens were detected from the 5th to
17th after final immunization,serume maternal antibodies of chickens
from immuned hens was the highest at the one-day chickens ,gradually
decreased with the growth of age,but always higher than control during
the whole experiment ,until the 29-day antibody level was still the same
as that of 18-day control chickens.(4)Resistence to reinfection of
offsprings of immuned hens significantly strengthened ,the reduction rate
of oocyts is up to 93%,ACI and relative body weight increased with
significant differences(P<0 .01 )compared with control groups;Maternal
antibody,ACI and relative body weight have significant positive
correlations one another,and these three are all strong negtive correlated
with the production of oocyts.
引文
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