怀念·追思: 现代殡葬建筑设计研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
殡葬建筑是埋葬死者并供后人怀念和追思的一种建筑物,它有着古老的历
    史,是城市的一个重要组成部分。但由于中国人避讳言死这个古老而又执拗的传
    统,因此对殡葬建筑的论述和研究,一直以来都只限于对古代墓葬制度及帝王陵
    寝的空间形式的研究。随着历史的发展和科学理性时代的到来,殡葬建筑也发生
    了很大的变化,由于其功能的特殊性,殡葬建筑仍然是很重要的一种建筑类型。
    但对现代殡葬建筑设计发展动向的论述研究则鲜有人涉足。本文首先追溯到人类
    殡葬思维的原初结构,揭示了殡葬建筑产生和发展的文化和历史根源,并分析和
    总结了我国古代殡葬建筑的文化根源和设计理论,其次论述了现代殡葬建筑的产
    生、发展和演变的过程和缘由,在此基础上提出我国现代殡葬建筑设计受俗文化
    影响而缺乏艺术性和精神功能的问题;最后该文对现代殡葬建筑的空间气氛和艺
    术特色等问题进行了较为系统的探讨,着重强调了现代殡葬建筑作为“场所”的
    精神功能,挖掘人们潜在的集体意识是现代殡葬建筑设计的灵感源泉,以期对我
    国现代殡葬建筑设计起到一定指导性作用。
Funeral building is the form of construction used for the burial of the death and
    the yearning of the posterity, which has a long history and now is a major part that
    constitutes a city. But due to the old and pertinacious tradition of Chinese people's
    taboo against the mentioning of death, the discussion and research about funeral
    building have long been conducted within the confines of studies on the ancient tomb
    systems and the space modalities of the imperial mausoleum. With the passage of time
    and the descending of the era of scientific nous, funeral building has also changed
    significantly. Due to the particularity of its function, funeral building is still an
    important type of construction. However, little has been done in the research in the
    trend of development as for the design of modern funeral building. This dissertation
    retrospect’s to the original structure of human thinking about funeral and interment,
    not only pointing out the cultural and historical roots for the appearance and
    development of funeral building, but also making an analysis and a summary of the
    cultural roots and design theories of the ancient Chinese funeral building. In the next
    place, this paper discusses process and causes of the emergence, development and
    evolvement of the modern funeral building, on the basis of which the author raises the
    point that by the influence of vulgar culture, there has been a lack of artistry and
    spiritual function in the design of Chinese modern funeral buildings. In conclusion,
    the author probes into the space ambience and artistic features of modern funeral
    building in a rather systematic way, emphasizing the spiritual funciton of it as a
    "place". Furthermore, the author points out that the source of inspiration in designing
    is to dig underneath people's potential consciousness of collectivity, in the hope that it
    may be of some help in the design of Chinese modern funeral building.
引文
[1] 芒福德( L.Mumford )著, 倪文彦,宋俊岭译,城市发展史:起源、演变和前景, 北
     京:中国建筑工业出版社,1989
    [2] 王夫子,《殡葬文化学——死亡文化的全方位解读》,北京:中国社会出版社,1998
    [3] 泰勒著 连树声译,《原始文化 : 神话、哲学、宗教、语言、艺术和习俗发展之研究》,
     上海:上海文艺出版社,1992
    [4] 郭于华,《死的困扰与生的执著——中国民间丧葬仪礼与传统生死观》,郭于华,北京:
     人民大学出版社 1992
    [5] S.劳埃德(Seton Lloyd),(德)H·W·米勒(Hans Wolfgang Muller)著,《远古建筑》,
     中国建筑工业出版社,1999
    [6] 王贵祥,《东西方的建筑空间:文化、空间图式及历史建筑空间论》,中国建筑工业出版
     社,1998
    [7] Charles.W.Moore 等著; 侯锦雄等译,《庭园诗学:景观建筑的诗意手法》,台北:田
     园城市文化事业公司,1999
    [8] 杨永生编,《建筑百家言》,中国建筑工业出版社,1998
    [9] 谭垣等编著,《纪念性建筑》,上海 : 上海科学技术出版社, 1987
    [10] 埃德温·希思科特著 ;朱劲松,林莹译,《纪念性建筑》大连 : 大连理工大学出版
     社, 2003
    [11] 黎先耀主编,《墓园情思》,北京:经济日报出版社,2001
    [12] 齐康,《纪念的凝思》,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1996
    [13] 王其亨主编,《风水理论研究》,天津:天津大学出版社,1992
    [14] 李永贵主编,《龙华烈士陵园》,北京:红旗出版社,1999
    [15] 刘敦祯,《中国古代建筑史》,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1978
    [16] 章用秀,《中国帝王丧葬》,北京:白花文艺出版社,1999
    [17] 靳凤林,《窥探生死线-中国死亡文化研究》,北京:中国民族大学出版社,1999
    [18] 张岂之,《中国传统文化》,北京:高等教育出版社,1994
    [19] 章永浩编,《现代苏联雕塑》,上海:上海美术出版社,1988
    [20] 王伯扬,《帝王陵寝建筑:地下宫殿》,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1993
    [21] 程建军,孔尚朴著,《风水与建筑》,南昌:江西科技出版社,1992
    [22] 约翰·B·沃德—珀金斯著;吴葱,张威,庄岳,《罗马建筑》,北京 : 中国建筑工业
     出版社, 1999,12
     - 77 -
    
    
    天津大学硕士学位论文 参考文献
    [23] HOWARD COLVIN,Architecture and after-life, New Haven,Yale University Press,
     1991
    [24] RICHARD A ETLIN, Symbolic Space, Chicago, University of Chicago,1994
    [25] 建筑思潮研究所编,《葬斋场·纳骨堂》,株式会社建筑资料研究社,1994,3
    [26] DANNAT ADRIAN, united states holocaust memorial museum, London, phaidon
     press,1995
    [27] ALDO ROSSI,buildings and projects, New Yor:Rizzoli,1985
    [28] 周湘津编译,鲍姆舒伦韦格火葬场,世界建筑 2001,2: 56~58
    [29] 陈静,灵魂不朽—精神永存:当代陵园建筑设计研究探讨,天津大学硕士学位论文,
     2001
    [30] 上海市殡葬服务中心主办《殡葬文化》2000 年 1~12 期
    [31] 李美能 卢灼 等,广州市新殡仪馆的创作,建筑学报,2001,9:23~25
    [32] 胡兆量,公墓园林化,规划师,2003,93~95
    [33] DAVID COHN, Between and Sky a Mortuary under Water Creates an Otherworldldly
     Realm for Mouming,Architectural Record 2002,07:92~96
    [34] MARC BARANI,Space for Death and Human Being, Architecture and Unbanism 1997,
     04:110~114
    [35] ROBERT IVY,Memorials,Monuments and Meaning, Architectural Record 2002,07:84~
     87
    [36] http://b5.slider.com/
    [37] http://www.sougi.com/
    [38] http://www.kt.rim.or.jp/~t-aida/
    [39] http://www.pere-lachaise.com/perelachaise.htm
    [40] http://www.poncacitynews.com/pcnews/newsfeatures/memorial/default.html

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700