电牵引采煤机创新设计研究
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摘要
产品创新方案设计是产品设计中最富有创造性的一个阶段,其特点即是创新,在产品创新设计中起决定性的作用。TRIZ理论是发明问题解决问题理论,在产品概念设计的过程中,TRIZ方法是其强有力的理论支持。通过对产品技术进化趋势研究,可以预测产品的发展方向,得出产品的概念设计方向；通过对产品的理想化设计方法进行分析,能够找出影响产品理想状态实现的根本原因,明确解决问题的方向,使问题的解决方向更趋理想化；通过对冲突的研究,可以发现产品需要解决的问题；通过对矛盾解决原理的研究,可以找出创造性解决问题的方法。本文讨论了概念设计的定义、特点、内容及其发展现状,仔细研究了概念设计的方法和流程,以及在概念设计过程中TRIZ理论提供的理论支持,并对TRIZ理论进行了详细的研究。
电牵引采煤机是开采煤矿的设备,承担着截割煤的主要功能,其可靠性直接影响到采煤工作面的煤产量,因此,提高其性能、功能及可靠性势在必行。本文研究了电牵引采煤机发展现状、结构特点和国内外技术现状,提出电牵引采煤机的设计创新关键点。
本文通过对产品创新设计方法及TRIZ理论的研究,结合电牵引采煤机的发展现状及技术特点,提出了基于TRIZ理论的机械产品创新设计流程和方法,并将其应用于电牵引采煤机的设计之中,对电牵引采煤机进行了功能需求分析、功能结构分析、进化趋势分析、理想化设计分析,确定了采煤机的概念,并对概念进行了详细设计。运用TRIZ理论分析采煤机部件中存在的冲突,并用TRIZ理论中的冲突解决原理对其进行改进设计,得出新的设计方案。采用模糊综合评价法对电牵引采煤机概念方案进行评价。对结构进行了详细设计、整机外形做了造型设计及主要部件的设计。
实践证明,这一方法为电牵引采煤机创新设计的提出提供了有效的设计方法,有利于提高电牵引采煤机的理想化水平。
Concept design serves as the most creative stage in the process of product design. Innovation is the feature of concept design. It plays a decisive role in product design. TRIZ is theories of inventing problems and solving issues. The theory of TRIZ can provide an effective theoretical support in the process of conceptual design. We can predict the direction of product development and obtain the design direction of product concept by the study of product technology of evolutionary trends. We can clear and definite the product problems should be solved by researching idealization principle and conflict. We can inventively solve the problems by studying conflict solving theories. This paper discusses the definition of the conceptual design, characteristics, content and developing situation, studies the methods and processes of the conceptual design,as well as the theory supported by TRIZ theory when it is in the procession of conceptual design.Meanwhile, the thesis also discussed TRIZ theory in detail.
Electro-haulage shearer, which undertakes the main function of cutting coal,is the equipment used for exploiting coal mine. Its reliability directly affects the production of the coal.Thus, it is imperative to improve its performance, function and reliability. This paper studies the Electro-haulage shearer's developing status, structural features and technical status at home and abroad. And it puts forward the designing and innovating point about the electro-haulage shearer.
This paper, by studying conceptual design method about product and TRIZ theory, brings forward process and method of conceptual design based on TRIZ theory, which combines with the developing status and technical features of electro-haulage shearer.At the same time, they were used in the conceptual design process of electro-haulage shearer. The paper also analyses the Functional requirement, functional structure, evolutional tendency and idealized design, determines the concept of the coal machine, and designs the concept in detail.By using TRIZ theory this paper analyses the conflict existing in the coal machine, and improves the design through the theory of conflict resolution of TRIZ theory. At last, the paper draws the new design. Evaluating the conceptual designing scheme by adopting the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method has bigger advantage than the former innovative scheme.
Practice proves this method provides an effective way for the innovative and conceptual scheme of the electro-haulage shearer. It also can be helpful to improve the idealistic level of the electro-haulage shearer.
电牵引采煤机是开采煤矿的设备,承担着截割煤的主要功能,其可靠性直接影响到采煤工作面的煤产量,因此,提高其性能、功能及可靠性势在必行。本文研究了电牵引采煤机发展现状、结构特点和国内外技术现状,提出电牵引采煤机的设计创新关键点。
本文通过对产品创新设计方法及TRIZ理论的研究,结合电牵引采煤机的发展现状及技术特点,提出了基于TRIZ理论的机械产品创新设计流程和方法,并将其应用于电牵引采煤机的设计之中,对电牵引采煤机进行了功能需求分析、功能结构分析、进化趋势分析、理想化设计分析,确定了采煤机的概念,并对概念进行了详细设计。运用TRIZ理论分析采煤机部件中存在的冲突,并用TRIZ理论中的冲突解决原理对其进行改进设计,得出新的设计方案。采用模糊综合评价法对电牵引采煤机概念方案进行评价。对结构进行了详细设计、整机外形做了造型设计及主要部件的设计。
实践证明,这一方法为电牵引采煤机创新设计的提出提供了有效的设计方法,有利于提高电牵引采煤机的理想化水平。
Concept design serves as the most creative stage in the process of product design. Innovation is the feature of concept design. It plays a decisive role in product design. TRIZ is theories of inventing problems and solving issues. The theory of TRIZ can provide an effective theoretical support in the process of conceptual design. We can predict the direction of product development and obtain the design direction of product concept by the study of product technology of evolutionary trends. We can clear and definite the product problems should be solved by researching idealization principle and conflict. We can inventively solve the problems by studying conflict solving theories. This paper discusses the definition of the conceptual design, characteristics, content and developing situation, studies the methods and processes of the conceptual design,as well as the theory supported by TRIZ theory when it is in the procession of conceptual design.Meanwhile, the thesis also discussed TRIZ theory in detail.
Electro-haulage shearer, which undertakes the main function of cutting coal,is the equipment used for exploiting coal mine. Its reliability directly affects the production of the coal.Thus, it is imperative to improve its performance, function and reliability. This paper studies the Electro-haulage shearer's developing status, structural features and technical status at home and abroad. And it puts forward the designing and innovating point about the electro-haulage shearer.
This paper, by studying conceptual design method about product and TRIZ theory, brings forward process and method of conceptual design based on TRIZ theory, which combines with the developing status and technical features of electro-haulage shearer.At the same time, they were used in the conceptual design process of electro-haulage shearer. The paper also analyses the Functional requirement, functional structure, evolutional tendency and idealized design, determines the concept of the coal machine, and designs the concept in detail.By using TRIZ theory this paper analyses the conflict existing in the coal machine, and improves the design through the theory of conflict resolution of TRIZ theory. At last, the paper draws the new design. Evaluating the conceptual designing scheme by adopting the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method has bigger advantage than the former innovative scheme.
Practice proves this method provides an effective way for the innovative and conceptual scheme of the electro-haulage shearer. It also can be helpful to improve the idealistic level of the electro-haulage shearer.
引文
[1].檀润华.创新设计-TRIZ：发明问题解决问题.北京：机械工业出版社,2002：118-125。
[2].杨毅宁.机械产品方案的现代设计方法.内蒙古科技与经济,2009,(04)。
[3].赵立峰.国内外连续采煤机的使用状况及发展趋势.科技资讯,2008,(24)。
[4].韩晓建,邓家禔.产品概念设计方案的评价方法.北京航空航天大学学报,2000,(02)。
[5].赵雪峰.基于运动的机械产品概念设计研究及应用.哈尔滨工程大学,2007。
[6].张世洪,何敬德,管亚平.电牵引采煤机的技术现状和发展趋势.煤矿机电,2000,(05)。
[7].张全有,薛萍.国内外电牵引采煤机技术发展状况及应用展望.煤矿开采,2002,(04)。
[8].何敬德,华元钦.国内外煤矿采掘运装备技术现状、发展对策和思考.煤矿机电,2003,(05)。
[9].王利华,李理,史书龙,张振军,李冬梅.机械创新设计中创造性思维的研究.内蒙古民族大学学报(自然科学版),2005,(02)。
[10].张简一,郭艳玲,杨树财,王义文.基于TRIZ理论的产品创新设计[J].机械设计,2009,(02)。
[11].邢清,张莉娟,朱爱斌,陈渭.TRIZ理论常用分析工具及应用[J].中国科技信息,
2009,(14)。
[12].葛慧莉.TRIZ理论在科技创新中的应用[J].科技创新导报,2010,(02)。
[13].马力辉,檀润华.基于TRIZ进化理论和TOC必备树的冲突发现与解决方法[J].工程设计学报,2007,(03)。
[14].张玉静.基于TRIZ的产品创新设计研究及软件开发[D].山东大学,2009。
[15].高常青,黄克正,张勇.TRIZ理论中问题解决工具的比较与应用[J].机械设计与研究,2006,(01)。
[16]. Savransky S D. Engineering of Creativity:Introduction to TRIZ Methodology of Invertive Problem Solving.CRC Press,2000,8:144-150。
[17].马怀宇,孟明辰.基于TRIZ/QFD/FA的产品概念设计过程模型.清华大学学报(自然科学版),2001,(11)。
[18]. Altshuller G. The Innovation Algorithm, TRIZ, Systematic Innovation and Technical Creativity.Worcester:Technical Innovation Center,1999。
[19]. AMIR H MKermani. Empowering six Sigma methodol-ogy via the theory of inventive problem solving(TRIZ)[J/OL]].TRIZ Journal,2003, (12).
[20]. SODERLIN Pentti. Thoughts on substance-field modelsand 76 standards do we need all of the standards[J/OL]].TRIZJournal,2003, (3)。
[21]. DOMB E,KOWALICK J. How to bring TRIZ intoyour organization[J/OL]].TRIZ Journal,1997, (10).
[22]. Hsiang-Tang Chang, Jahau Lewis Chen. Eco-Innovative Examples for 40 TRIZ Inventive Principles. TRIZ Journal,2003。
[23]. Marconi J. ARIZ:The Algorithm for Inventive Problem Solving,An Americonized Learning Framework.TRIZ Journal.1998。
[24].赵新军.技术创新理论(TRIZ)及应用.北京化学工业出版社,2004。
[25]. ZLOTIN Boris,ZUSMAN Alla,KAPLAN Len,et al. TRIZ beyond technology:the theory and practice of ap-plying TRIZ to non-technical areas[J/OL]].TRIZ Jour-nal,2001,(1)。
[26].张志远,何川.运用TRIZ分析技术系统的演化.达县师范高等专科学校学报,
2004,(02)。
[27]. Michel Lecoq. Evolution of Systems. TRIZ Journal,2004。
[28]. Elke Baessler, Thomas Breuer, Markus Grawatsch. Combining the Scenario Technique with QFD and T RIZ to A Product Innovation Methodology.TRIZ Journa,2002。
[29]. P.MARTIN, R.HASAN, A.BERNARD. Solving Contradictions Problems Related to Safety Integration in Design Process. TRIZ Journal,2004。
[30]. Avraam Seredinski. System Operator and the Methodology of Prediction. TRIZ Journal, 2002。
[31]. Elke Baessler, Thomas Breuer, Markus Grawatsch. Combining the Scenario Technique with QFD and T RIZ to A Product Innovation Methodology.TRIZ Journa,2002。
[32].邓家提,韩晓建,曾硝.产品概念设计.机械工业出版社,2002.5。
[33].简召全.工业设计方法学.北京理工大学出版社,1999。
[34]. Karl T.Ulrich/Steven D.E ppinger著,杨德林主译.产品设计与开发.东北财经大学出版社,2001.3。
[35]. Ulrich K, Eppinger S. Product Design and Development,2nd ed. NY, McGraw-Hill, 2000。
[2].杨毅宁.机械产品方案的现代设计方法.内蒙古科技与经济,2009,(04)。
[3].赵立峰.国内外连续采煤机的使用状况及发展趋势.科技资讯,2008,(24)。
[4].韩晓建,邓家禔.产品概念设计方案的评价方法.北京航空航天大学学报,2000,(02)。
[5].赵雪峰.基于运动的机械产品概念设计研究及应用.哈尔滨工程大学,2007。
[6].张世洪,何敬德,管亚平.电牵引采煤机的技术现状和发展趋势.煤矿机电,2000,(05)。
[7].张全有,薛萍.国内外电牵引采煤机技术发展状况及应用展望.煤矿开采,2002,(04)。
[8].何敬德,华元钦.国内外煤矿采掘运装备技术现状、发展对策和思考.煤矿机电,2003,(05)。
[9].王利华,李理,史书龙,张振军,李冬梅.机械创新设计中创造性思维的研究.内蒙古民族大学学报(自然科学版),2005,(02)。
[10].张简一,郭艳玲,杨树财,王义文.基于TRIZ理论的产品创新设计[J].机械设计,2009,(02)。
[11].邢清,张莉娟,朱爱斌,陈渭.TRIZ理论常用分析工具及应用[J].中国科技信息,
2009,(14)。
[12].葛慧莉.TRIZ理论在科技创新中的应用[J].科技创新导报,2010,(02)。
[13].马力辉,檀润华.基于TRIZ进化理论和TOC必备树的冲突发现与解决方法[J].工程设计学报,2007,(03)。
[14].张玉静.基于TRIZ的产品创新设计研究及软件开发[D].山东大学,2009。
[15].高常青,黄克正,张勇.TRIZ理论中问题解决工具的比较与应用[J].机械设计与研究,2006,(01)。
[16]. Savransky S D. Engineering of Creativity:Introduction to TRIZ Methodology of Invertive Problem Solving.CRC Press,2000,8:144-150。
[17].马怀宇,孟明辰.基于TRIZ/QFD/FA的产品概念设计过程模型.清华大学学报(自然科学版),2001,(11)。
[18]. Altshuller G. The Innovation Algorithm, TRIZ, Systematic Innovation and Technical Creativity.Worcester:Technical Innovation Center,1999。
[19]. AMIR H MKermani. Empowering six Sigma methodol-ogy via the theory of inventive problem solving(TRIZ)[J/OL]].TRIZ Journal,2003, (12).
[20]. SODERLIN Pentti. Thoughts on substance-field modelsand 76 standards do we need all of the standards[J/OL]].TRIZJournal,2003, (3)。
[21]. DOMB E,KOWALICK J. How to bring TRIZ intoyour organization[J/OL]].TRIZ Journal,1997, (10).
[22]. Hsiang-Tang Chang, Jahau Lewis Chen. Eco-Innovative Examples for 40 TRIZ Inventive Principles. TRIZ Journal,2003。
[23]. Marconi J. ARIZ:The Algorithm for Inventive Problem Solving,An Americonized Learning Framework.TRIZ Journal.1998。
[24].赵新军.技术创新理论(TRIZ)及应用.北京化学工业出版社,2004。
[25]. ZLOTIN Boris,ZUSMAN Alla,KAPLAN Len,et al. TRIZ beyond technology:the theory and practice of ap-plying TRIZ to non-technical areas[J/OL]].TRIZ Jour-nal,2001,(1)。
[26].张志远,何川.运用TRIZ分析技术系统的演化.达县师范高等专科学校学报,
2004,(02)。
[27]. Michel Lecoq. Evolution of Systems. TRIZ Journal,2004。
[28]. Elke Baessler, Thomas Breuer, Markus Grawatsch. Combining the Scenario Technique with QFD and T RIZ to A Product Innovation Methodology.TRIZ Journa,2002。
[29]. P.MARTIN, R.HASAN, A.BERNARD. Solving Contradictions Problems Related to Safety Integration in Design Process. TRIZ Journal,2004。
[30]. Avraam Seredinski. System Operator and the Methodology of Prediction. TRIZ Journal, 2002。
[31]. Elke Baessler, Thomas Breuer, Markus Grawatsch. Combining the Scenario Technique with QFD and T RIZ to A Product Innovation Methodology.TRIZ Journa,2002。
[32].邓家提,韩晓建,曾硝.产品概念设计.机械工业出版社,2002.5。
[33].简召全.工业设计方法学.北京理工大学出版社,1999。
[34]. Karl T.Ulrich/Steven D.E ppinger著,杨德林主译.产品设计与开发.东北财经大学出版社,2001.3。
[35]. Ulrich K, Eppinger S. Product Design and Development,2nd ed. NY, McGraw-Hill, 2000。