两性瓜尔胶制备工艺优化及应用研究
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摘要
瓜尔胶是一种无毒、可生物降解的天然高分子植物胶。瓜尔胶及其系列改性物具有良好的水溶性、相容性和粘度稳定性等特点,在日用化工、造纸、印染、食品及医药等行业中应用广泛。本文对两性瓜尔胶的制备及其在造纸行业和日用化工行业的应用进行了研究。
首先,以3-氯-2羟丙基三甲基氯化铵为阳离子化试剂,对瓜尔胶原粉进行改性,采用半干法制备了阳离子瓜尔胶。考察了阳离子化试剂用量、碱化用碱量、反应温度及反应时间对阳离子瓜尔胶取代度的影响,确定了制备高取代度阳离子瓜尔胶的最佳工艺条件。采用红外光谱分析对制得的阳离子瓜尔胶进行了结构表征。
其次,采用半干法工艺,以氯乙酸钠为阴离子化试剂,对阳离子瓜尔胶进行改性制备了两性瓜尔胶。考察了碱用量、碱化时间、阴离子化试剂用量、阴离子化时间及反应温度等因素对两性瓜尔胶羧基含量和粘度的影响,优化了两性瓜尔胶的制备工艺。利用红外光谱对所得产物进行了结构表征。
再次,研究了两性瓜尔胶作为助留助滤剂及增强剂在卷烟纸中的应用性能。探讨了两性瓜尔胶羧基含量、粘度、用量对卷烟纸助留助滤效果的影响,测定了卷烟纸总留着率、灰分及打浆度等指标的变化,并与阳离子瓜尔胶进行了比较;以及两性瓜尔胶羧基含量、粘度、用量对卷烟纸增强效果的影响,测定了卷烟纸抗张指数、耐破指数、撕裂指数、裂断长等强度指标的变化,并与非离子瓜尔胶和阳离子淀粉进行了比较。此外,还考察了两性瓜尔胶与非离子瓜尔胶配合应用对卷烟纸性能的影响。
最后,研究了改性瓜尔胶作为增稠剂在洗发香波和护发素中的应用性能。通过考察洗发香波和护发素的粘度、流淌时间、起泡高度、耐热性及耐寒性等增稠指标的变化,探讨了阳离子瓜尔胶用量对洗发香波增稠效果的影响以及两性瓜尔胶羧基含量对护发素增稠效果的影响。
Guar gum (GG) is one kind of natural vegetable gum which possesses non-toxicity and good biodegradability. Guar gum and its derivatives have many advantages such as good water-solubility, consistency, viscosity stability and so on. The modified guar gums can be extensively used in daily chemicals, paper making, textiles, foods and medicines. In this paper, the synthesis of amphoteric guar gum (AGG) and its applications in paper making and daily chemicals were studied.
First, the cationic guar gum (CGG) was synthesized by reacting guar gum with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMA) through semi-dry method. The effects of dosage of CHPTMA, dosage of NaOH, reaction time and temperature on the degree of substitution(DS) of CGG were investigated respectively. The appropriate synthesis conditions of high degree CGG were studied. The structure of the CGG was characterized by infrared spectroscopic(IR) analysis.
Secondly, AGG was synthesized by reacting CGG with sodium chloroacetate through semi-dry method. The effects of dosage of sodium hydroxide, alkalization time, dosage of sodium chloroacetate, negative-ionization time and temperature on the carboxyl group content and viscosity of AGG were investigated respectively. The synthesis conditions of AGG were optimized. The structure of the AGG was characterized by infrared spectroscopic(IR) analysis.
Thirdly, AGG as drainage and retention aids and strength aids in cigarette paper were studied.The effects of carboxyl group content, viscosity and dosage of AGG on the retention and drainage property were explored, the changes of retention rate, beating degree and ash content were inspected, and CGG was used to be contrasted. The effects of carboxyl group content, viscosity and dosage of AGG on the strength property were explored, tension index, tear index, burst index and breaking length of cigarette paper were inspected, cationic starch (CS) and nonionic guar gum (NGG) were used to be contrasted. In addition, AGG and NGG coordinately used in cigarette paper were studied.
At last, the modified guar gum as thickening aid in shampoo and hair conditioner were researched. The changes of viscosity, flow time, foam height, the cold tolerance and heat resisting properties were discussed.The effect of dosage of CGG on the thickening property in shampoo and the carboxyl group content of AGG on the thickening property in hair conditioner were studied respectively.
首先,以3-氯-2羟丙基三甲基氯化铵为阳离子化试剂,对瓜尔胶原粉进行改性,采用半干法制备了阳离子瓜尔胶。考察了阳离子化试剂用量、碱化用碱量、反应温度及反应时间对阳离子瓜尔胶取代度的影响,确定了制备高取代度阳离子瓜尔胶的最佳工艺条件。采用红外光谱分析对制得的阳离子瓜尔胶进行了结构表征。
其次,采用半干法工艺,以氯乙酸钠为阴离子化试剂,对阳离子瓜尔胶进行改性制备了两性瓜尔胶。考察了碱用量、碱化时间、阴离子化试剂用量、阴离子化时间及反应温度等因素对两性瓜尔胶羧基含量和粘度的影响,优化了两性瓜尔胶的制备工艺。利用红外光谱对所得产物进行了结构表征。
再次,研究了两性瓜尔胶作为助留助滤剂及增强剂在卷烟纸中的应用性能。探讨了两性瓜尔胶羧基含量、粘度、用量对卷烟纸助留助滤效果的影响,测定了卷烟纸总留着率、灰分及打浆度等指标的变化,并与阳离子瓜尔胶进行了比较;以及两性瓜尔胶羧基含量、粘度、用量对卷烟纸增强效果的影响,测定了卷烟纸抗张指数、耐破指数、撕裂指数、裂断长等强度指标的变化,并与非离子瓜尔胶和阳离子淀粉进行了比较。此外,还考察了两性瓜尔胶与非离子瓜尔胶配合应用对卷烟纸性能的影响。
最后,研究了改性瓜尔胶作为增稠剂在洗发香波和护发素中的应用性能。通过考察洗发香波和护发素的粘度、流淌时间、起泡高度、耐热性及耐寒性等增稠指标的变化,探讨了阳离子瓜尔胶用量对洗发香波增稠效果的影响以及两性瓜尔胶羧基含量对护发素增稠效果的影响。
Guar gum (GG) is one kind of natural vegetable gum which possesses non-toxicity and good biodegradability. Guar gum and its derivatives have many advantages such as good water-solubility, consistency, viscosity stability and so on. The modified guar gums can be extensively used in daily chemicals, paper making, textiles, foods and medicines. In this paper, the synthesis of amphoteric guar gum (AGG) and its applications in paper making and daily chemicals were studied.
First, the cationic guar gum (CGG) was synthesized by reacting guar gum with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMA) through semi-dry method. The effects of dosage of CHPTMA, dosage of NaOH, reaction time and temperature on the degree of substitution(DS) of CGG were investigated respectively. The appropriate synthesis conditions of high degree CGG were studied. The structure of the CGG was characterized by infrared spectroscopic(IR) analysis.
Secondly, AGG was synthesized by reacting CGG with sodium chloroacetate through semi-dry method. The effects of dosage of sodium hydroxide, alkalization time, dosage of sodium chloroacetate, negative-ionization time and temperature on the carboxyl group content and viscosity of AGG were investigated respectively. The synthesis conditions of AGG were optimized. The structure of the AGG was characterized by infrared spectroscopic(IR) analysis.
Thirdly, AGG as drainage and retention aids and strength aids in cigarette paper were studied.The effects of carboxyl group content, viscosity and dosage of AGG on the retention and drainage property were explored, the changes of retention rate, beating degree and ash content were inspected, and CGG was used to be contrasted. The effects of carboxyl group content, viscosity and dosage of AGG on the strength property were explored, tension index, tear index, burst index and breaking length of cigarette paper were inspected, cationic starch (CS) and nonionic guar gum (NGG) were used to be contrasted. In addition, AGG and NGG coordinately used in cigarette paper were studied.
At last, the modified guar gum as thickening aid in shampoo and hair conditioner were researched. The changes of viscosity, flow time, foam height, the cold tolerance and heat resisting properties were discussed.The effect of dosage of CGG on the thickening property in shampoo and the carboxyl group content of AGG on the thickening property in hair conditioner were studied respectively.
引文
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