毛喉鞘蕊花有效成分及质量分析研究
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摘要
毛喉鞘蕊花Coleus forskohlii Briq.系唇形科(Labiatae)鞘蕊花属(Coleus Lour.)植物。现代药理研究表明,该植物对支气管哮喘、充血性心力衰竭、肿瘤转移、青光眼等具有良好的治疗效果。民间以全草煎服,治疗咳喘、心慌、头晕等症疗效甚佳。在毛喉鞘蕊花药理作用和临床疗效的基础上,本论文对毛喉鞘蕊花的物质基础进行了相关研究。
     采用溶剂法和色谱法对该药用植物的有效成分进行了提取分离研究,从中得到11个单体成分,鉴定了其中的10个化合物,分别为异佛斯可林(Ⅰ),1,6-二乙酰氧基-7-去乙酰氧基-9-去羟基佛斯可林(Ⅱ),6-乙酰氧基-9-去羟基佛斯可林(Ⅲ),6-乙酰氧基佛斯可林(Ⅳ),1,6-二乙酰氧基-9-去羟基佛斯可林(Ⅴ),柳杉酚(Ⅵ),β-谷甾醇(Ⅶ),麦角甾-6,22-双烯-5α,8α-环二氧-3β-醇(Ⅷ),麦角甾-6,9(11),22-三烯-5α,8α-环二氧-3β-醇(Ⅸ),3β,28-二羟基-12-烯-乌苏烷(Ⅹ)。其中化合物Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ为新化合物,化合物Ⅴ为首次从天然植物中分离到,化合物Ⅷ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ为首次从该属植物中提出。
     毛喉鞘蕊花主要有效部位为二萜类成分,采用HPLC-ELSD色谱法对其有效部位进行了指纹图谱的研究。标定了色谱图中19个共有峰,方法重现性和稳定性好,从而为毛喉鞘蕊花药材的移植和资源品质的评价提供了一定的科学依据。
     在毛喉鞘蕊花有效成分研究的基础上,对该药用植物的性状、鉴别、检查、含量测定等方面进行了系统研究,制定了较为明确的质量标准。以其有效部位为目标确定的薄层色谱鉴别方法具有较强的专属性;以其主要有效成分异佛斯可林为指标建立的含量测定方法,具有高灵敏度,重现性好,可靠性强的特点。从而大大提高了该药材原制定的地方标准,能有效控制毛喉鞘蕊花的质量。
Coleus forskohlii Briq. ,a perennial dried herb of Labiatae.,is a folk traditional Chinese medicine against cough, asthma, acute and chronic bronchitis, dizziness and fluster. The plant has been investigated as a promising drug for the treatment of congestional cardiomyopathy, glaucoma, cancer of liver and stomach by local and international scholars because of its unique adenylate cyclase stimulated activity. Based on its pharmacology and clinical research, we have carried on relevant experiments on it.
    The extraction and isolation from the whole plants of Coleus forskohlii Briq. were accomplished and 11 constituents were isolated from its ether fraction by various kinds of chromatographies. Ten of them were elucidated on the basis of spectral data as follows: isoforskolin ( I ) ,la,6β-diacetoxy-8,13-epoxylabd-14-en-ll-one ( II ) ,la-hydroxy-6p,7p-diacetoxy-8,13-epoxylabd-14-en-ll-one ( III ) ,la,9a-dihydroxy-6p,7a-diacetoxy-8,13-epoxylabd-14-en-ll-one (IV ) ,lα,6β,7β-triacetoxy-8,13-epoxylabd-14-en-ll-one ( V ) , sugiol ( VI ) ,p-sitosterol ( VII ) ,ergosta-6,22-dien-5α,8α-epidioxy-3β-ol ( VIII ) , ergosta-6,9(ll),22-trien-5α,8α-epidioxy-3β-ol (IX) ,3β,28-dihydroxy-12-en-ursane ( X ) . Among them, compound II, III, IV are new diterpenes of the manoyl oxide series. Compound V was obtained as a natural product firstly. Compound VIII, IX, X were isolated for the first time from Coleus Lour, genus.
    The mainly active fraction is diterpenes in Coleus forskohlii Briq.. The fingerprint on diterpenes was studied by HPLC-ELSD, with the result that 19 peaks were common. The method is stable,well repeated and may offer abundant scientific basis for the transplantation and quality evaluation of Coleus forskohlii Briq..
    After studying active compositions of Coleus forskohlii Briq., we have made more systematic research on it, including trait identification, microscopic identification, qualitative and quantitative analysis of isoforskolin, upon which the quality standard was established. The TLC identification according to the active fraction was unique to some extent, and the quantitative analysis determined by the mainly active constituent -isoforskolin was highly sensitive, well repeated and promisingly reliable. The study greatly improved the former local standard of Coleus forskohlii Briq.thus,can effectively control its quality.
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