企业竞争性战略联盟系统演化机理研究
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摘要
随着经济全球化和网络经济的快速崛起,技术和信息的扩散日趋加快,同时顾客需求的个性化、多样化,致使产业和产品的生命周期缩短,促使全球市场竞争的激烈化程度进一步加剧,企业生产经营的环境因素发生根本性变化,更多的企业对竞争战略进行了创造性的调整,从对立竞争转向合作竞争,开始结成竞争性战略联盟。竞争性战略联盟作为一种新的“竞合”组织创新和竞争战略,越来越受到学术界和企业界的热切关注。其演化机理的复杂性更需要完善的理论体系与之相适应。
本文提出以刺激-反应为基础的竞争性战略联盟系统动态适应演化理论,它在整合现有理论分析的基础上,完成对联盟系统演化基本性质及其基本问题的分析。竞争性战略联盟是一个组织行为复杂、多组分相互作用和多层次构造的复杂适应系统。从系统演化的角度,竞争性战略联盟系统是以资源、知识和能力为载体在与环境互动中的动态开放系统,资源、知识和能力的互补、协同与整合对系统的演化有积极作用,刺激-反应是竞争性战略联盟系统演化的本质。
为深入理解竞争性战略联盟系统演化机理问题,本文探讨了竞争性战略联盟系统演化的动力基础。联盟系统演化受到内部动力、外部动力和系统行为因素的推动。内部动力因素决定着系统行为因素的差异,外部动力因素引导着联盟系统演化的路径,系统组织行为因素则通过与内部动力的互动作用和外部动力约束着联盟系统演化的过程与状态。在此视角下,适应性学习是联盟系统演化的基本行为因素,资源共享-知识共享-能力提升及其耦合作用是构成联盟系统演化动力的影响机制。
本文竞争性战略联盟系统演化机制的分析,是对竞争性战略联盟系统演化动力分析的深化和补充。得到了以下重要结论:资源共享、知识共享、能力提升和适应性学习等机制间的耦合关系,决定了联盟系统演化方向和水平,从而推动联盟系统演化的自组织行为,适应性学习机制主要通过知识的转移约束和影响联盟系统演化。个人、团队和组织之间知识的适应性学习是实现联盟系统演化过程中知识转化的基础。自组织机制以资源为载体,基于价值增值的资源整合原则,动态地驱使联盟系统向稳定性方向演化。
本文从生命周期特征和路径依赖分析出发,进一步探讨了竞争性战略联盟系统演化路径和过程。伴随着竞争性战略联盟整个发展阶段,联盟系统演化具有生命周期的特征,要经过组建、成长、成熟和解体(跃升)四个阶段。同时,由于演化过程的路径依赖性,联盟系统演化路径又是系统各个层次不断涌现的过程,要实现系统的进化,必须不断维持和修正其演化路径。为了更清晰地、系统地反映联盟系统演化路径特点,本文用图、分岔理论和突变理论为工具对竞争性战略联盟系统结构及其演化路径进行了动态描述,并建立了相应模型。
最后,以Sony Ericsson移动通讯公司为对象,对理论研究成果进行了较深入的实证分析。通过对Sony Ericsson移动通讯公司发展过程的全景式分析而得到的启示,验证了本文提出的以刺激-反应(动态适应)为基础的竞争性战略联盟系统演化理论。
With the rapid development of economic globalization and network economy, the technology and information proliferate faster and faster. Meanwhile,the individualization and diversification of the customer demands make the life cycle of industry and commodity shorter, and the global market competition more fierce. The management environment of the companies change fundamentally, more and more enterprises have made creative adjustments to their competitive strategies from competition to coopetition by forming competitive strategic alliances. As a new organization institutional arrangement characterized with "competition and cooperation" and a competitive strategy, competitive strategic alliances have been concerned by the academic and the business in theory and practice. The complexity of its evolution mechanism needs sophisticated theoretical system to adapt.
Based on these, the dynamic adaptability evolution theory of competitive strategic alliances system based on stimulus-response was proposed in this dissertation. On the foundation of integrating the existing research, this theory analyzes the basic properties and the basic problems of the evolution of competitive strategic alliances systems. The competitive alliances system is a complex adaptive system with complex organization behavior, multi-component interactions and multi-level structure. From the point of system evolution, competitive alliances system is a dynamic open system with resources, knowledge and capacity as carrier during the interaction with environment. The complement, coordination and integration among resources, knowledge and capability have positive effects to system evolution; the stimulus-response is the essence of evolution of competitive alliances system.
In order to understand the evolution mechanism of the competitive alliances systems, the dynamic foundation of evolution of competitive strategy alliances system was discussed in this thesis. The evolution of alliance system is driven by internal dynamics, external dynamics and systematic behavior dynamics. The internal dynamics determine the differences of systematic behavior factors; the external dynamics lead the path of evolution of alliance system, while the systematic organization behavior factors constraint the process and status of alliance system evolution. In this perspective, adaptive learning is the basic behavior factor of alliance system evolution. Resource sharing, knowledge sharing, capability promotion and their coupling effects are the influence mechanism to construct the dynamics of the alliance system evolution.
The analysis on the evolution mechanism of competitive strategic alliance system in this thesis is the complement and deepening of the evolution dynamics of competitive strategic alliance system. Some important conclusions were obtained as following: The coupling relationship among resource sharing, knowledge sharing and capability promotion determine the direction and level of alliance system evolution. Thus push the self-organization behaviors of alliance system evolution. Adaptive learning mechanism constrains and influences the alliance system evolution by knowledge transformation. The adaptive learning of knowledge among individual, group and organization is the foundation of knowledge transformation during the process of realizing alliance system evolution. The self-organization mechanism makes resource as a carrier, on the base of resource integration principle of value-added; dynamically drive the alliance system to the direction of stability.
Based on the analysis of path dependence and life cycle, the evolution path and process of alliance system were discussed deeply. Along with the whole development phrase of competitive strategy alliance, the evolution of alliance system has the characteristics of life cycle, and experiences four stages which are formation, growth, maturation and disintegration (jump). At the same time, Because of the path dependence of evolution process, the evolution path of alliance system is the process which every levels of the system emerging. To realize the evolution of the system, the evolution path must be maintained and upgraded constantly. In order to reflect the characteristics of evolution path of alliance system clearly and systematically, diagram, bifurcation theory and catastrophe theory were used as tools to dynamically describe the system structure and evolution path of competitive strategy alliance, the corresponding models were built.
At last, based on the study of Sony Ericsson mobile communication company, the empirical analysis of theoretical studies was performed deeply. Some inspirations were obtained through the panoramic analysis of development process of Sony Ericsson mobile communication company. Meanwhile, the evolution theory of competitive strategy alliance system which is based on stimulus-response (dynamic adaptability) was tested.
本文提出以刺激-反应为基础的竞争性战略联盟系统动态适应演化理论,它在整合现有理论分析的基础上,完成对联盟系统演化基本性质及其基本问题的分析。竞争性战略联盟是一个组织行为复杂、多组分相互作用和多层次构造的复杂适应系统。从系统演化的角度,竞争性战略联盟系统是以资源、知识和能力为载体在与环境互动中的动态开放系统,资源、知识和能力的互补、协同与整合对系统的演化有积极作用,刺激-反应是竞争性战略联盟系统演化的本质。
为深入理解竞争性战略联盟系统演化机理问题,本文探讨了竞争性战略联盟系统演化的动力基础。联盟系统演化受到内部动力、外部动力和系统行为因素的推动。内部动力因素决定着系统行为因素的差异,外部动力因素引导着联盟系统演化的路径,系统组织行为因素则通过与内部动力的互动作用和外部动力约束着联盟系统演化的过程与状态。在此视角下,适应性学习是联盟系统演化的基本行为因素,资源共享-知识共享-能力提升及其耦合作用是构成联盟系统演化动力的影响机制。
本文竞争性战略联盟系统演化机制的分析,是对竞争性战略联盟系统演化动力分析的深化和补充。得到了以下重要结论:资源共享、知识共享、能力提升和适应性学习等机制间的耦合关系,决定了联盟系统演化方向和水平,从而推动联盟系统演化的自组织行为,适应性学习机制主要通过知识的转移约束和影响联盟系统演化。个人、团队和组织之间知识的适应性学习是实现联盟系统演化过程中知识转化的基础。自组织机制以资源为载体,基于价值增值的资源整合原则,动态地驱使联盟系统向稳定性方向演化。
本文从生命周期特征和路径依赖分析出发,进一步探讨了竞争性战略联盟系统演化路径和过程。伴随着竞争性战略联盟整个发展阶段,联盟系统演化具有生命周期的特征,要经过组建、成长、成熟和解体(跃升)四个阶段。同时,由于演化过程的路径依赖性,联盟系统演化路径又是系统各个层次不断涌现的过程,要实现系统的进化,必须不断维持和修正其演化路径。为了更清晰地、系统地反映联盟系统演化路径特点,本文用图、分岔理论和突变理论为工具对竞争性战略联盟系统结构及其演化路径进行了动态描述,并建立了相应模型。
最后,以Sony Ericsson移动通讯公司为对象,对理论研究成果进行了较深入的实证分析。通过对Sony Ericsson移动通讯公司发展过程的全景式分析而得到的启示,验证了本文提出的以刺激-反应(动态适应)为基础的竞争性战略联盟系统演化理论。
With the rapid development of economic globalization and network economy, the technology and information proliferate faster and faster. Meanwhile,the individualization and diversification of the customer demands make the life cycle of industry and commodity shorter, and the global market competition more fierce. The management environment of the companies change fundamentally, more and more enterprises have made creative adjustments to their competitive strategies from competition to coopetition by forming competitive strategic alliances. As a new organization institutional arrangement characterized with "competition and cooperation" and a competitive strategy, competitive strategic alliances have been concerned by the academic and the business in theory and practice. The complexity of its evolution mechanism needs sophisticated theoretical system to adapt.
Based on these, the dynamic adaptability evolution theory of competitive strategic alliances system based on stimulus-response was proposed in this dissertation. On the foundation of integrating the existing research, this theory analyzes the basic properties and the basic problems of the evolution of competitive strategic alliances systems. The competitive alliances system is a complex adaptive system with complex organization behavior, multi-component interactions and multi-level structure. From the point of system evolution, competitive alliances system is a dynamic open system with resources, knowledge and capacity as carrier during the interaction with environment. The complement, coordination and integration among resources, knowledge and capability have positive effects to system evolution; the stimulus-response is the essence of evolution of competitive alliances system.
In order to understand the evolution mechanism of the competitive alliances systems, the dynamic foundation of evolution of competitive strategy alliances system was discussed in this thesis. The evolution of alliance system is driven by internal dynamics, external dynamics and systematic behavior dynamics. The internal dynamics determine the differences of systematic behavior factors; the external dynamics lead the path of evolution of alliance system, while the systematic organization behavior factors constraint the process and status of alliance system evolution. In this perspective, adaptive learning is the basic behavior factor of alliance system evolution. Resource sharing, knowledge sharing, capability promotion and their coupling effects are the influence mechanism to construct the dynamics of the alliance system evolution.
The analysis on the evolution mechanism of competitive strategic alliance system in this thesis is the complement and deepening of the evolution dynamics of competitive strategic alliance system. Some important conclusions were obtained as following: The coupling relationship among resource sharing, knowledge sharing and capability promotion determine the direction and level of alliance system evolution. Thus push the self-organization behaviors of alliance system evolution. Adaptive learning mechanism constrains and influences the alliance system evolution by knowledge transformation. The adaptive learning of knowledge among individual, group and organization is the foundation of knowledge transformation during the process of realizing alliance system evolution. The self-organization mechanism makes resource as a carrier, on the base of resource integration principle of value-added; dynamically drive the alliance system to the direction of stability.
Based on the analysis of path dependence and life cycle, the evolution path and process of alliance system were discussed deeply. Along with the whole development phrase of competitive strategy alliance, the evolution of alliance system has the characteristics of life cycle, and experiences four stages which are formation, growth, maturation and disintegration (jump). At the same time, Because of the path dependence of evolution process, the evolution path of alliance system is the process which every levels of the system emerging. To realize the evolution of the system, the evolution path must be maintained and upgraded constantly. In order to reflect the characteristics of evolution path of alliance system clearly and systematically, diagram, bifurcation theory and catastrophe theory were used as tools to dynamically describe the system structure and evolution path of competitive strategy alliance, the corresponding models were built.
At last, based on the study of Sony Ericsson mobile communication company, the empirical analysis of theoretical studies was performed deeply. Some inspirations were obtained through the panoramic analysis of development process of Sony Ericsson mobile communication company. Meanwhile, the evolution theory of competitive strategy alliance system which is based on stimulus-response (dynamic adaptability) was tested.
引文
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