基于社会网络的企业家创业能力和创业绩效研究
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摘要
本研究围绕创业企业家社会网络,从企业家社会网络对创业贡献的实证分析入手,以企业家社会网络嵌入方式及紧密相关的创业能力问题等的逐步递进和原因分析为主线,以形成良好创业绩效的优化对策作为研究的归纳和总结。全文内容可以概括为四部分：
第一部分为全文研究提供理论和现实依据,也是本文的缘起。首先回顾了基于战略适应论视角、资源论视角、认知论视角、群体生态论视角等关于创业企业家社会网络行为的理论阐释和模型分析,这是本文选择创业企业家社会网络嵌入和应用行为作为研究主题的理论基础；然后分别运用创业成功绩效、生存绩效和发展绩效指标等对企业创业能力与绩效的关系进行了实证分析,结果发现社会网络对于企业创业能力和创业绩效具有明显的正相关关系,且因社会网络特征的差异存在很大差距。回归分析表明,社会网络特征是造成这一结果的重要因素,这是本文选择企业家社会网络作为研究主题的现实依据。
第二部分立足于社会网络嵌入视角,分析企业家社会网络嵌入的行为动因与逻辑。首先是对企业家社会网络的嵌入性特征进行分析,着重阐释企业家社会网络嵌入的动力、过程、周期规律及绩效等。其次,分析企业家社会网络演化的机理,以及企业家社会网络的进化过程。分析认为,企业家社会网络具有存在性、过程性、寻租性和弱关联性等,且社会网络主要从嵌入纽带的网络向平衡嵌入纽带与嵌入近距离纽带的网络转变,从有凝聚力的纽带的网络向架构结构洞的纽带的网络转变,从路径依赖的网络向有目的管理网络转变。
第三部分分析企业家社会网络与创业能力、创业绩效关系的实证研究。首先是分析企业家社会网络的强度、结构以及类型；进而分析企业家创业能力的关键变量,如创业机会识别、网络内生学习、融资以及实现资源整合等；在此基础上,进一步考察企业家社会网络结构与创业能力及绩效之间的假设关系,构建企业家社会网络与创业能力、绩效之间的关系模型。其次,详细阐述创业企业家社会网络结构与创业能力之间的假设关系,提出相关待检验的命题；之后,探讨创业能力与创业绩效之间的相互作用关系及强度。再次,通过对创业企业家社会网络、创业能力与绩效之间的关系进行回归检验和路径分析,分析企业家社会网络对创业成功的作用路径和贡献。最后,通过检验结果的讨论分析企业家社会网络的优化以及影响创业的关键路径。
第四部分根据前文分析提出优化企业家社会网络,提升创业效能的对策建议,明确进一步研究的方向。主要从加强创业社会网络的资源整合能力、完善企业家社会网络治理机制、以及提高创业企业的成长性等方面,实现企业家社会网络的作用,提高创业企业的生存和发展能力。最后,对全文进行归纳总结,提出进一步研究的方向。
This dissertation focuses on social network of entrepreneurs, with empirical analysis on contribution of social network of entrepreneur to start-up. It also discusses the embedded manner and closely related problems as entrepreneurial capabilities, in order to form a good optimization of business performance. Full-text content can be summarized as four parts:
In first section, we discuss the theorial and practical basis for research, but also the origins of this article. Above all, we retrospect on strategic perspective, resource theory perspective, cognitive theory perspective, group-ecological perspective; wich relates to social network behavior on the entrepreneurs and plays foundation for model building and theoretical analysis. Further, different kinds of indicators are used to analyze the relationships between entrepreneurial capabilities and performance of China's enterprises, as financial indicators, strategic indicators, etc. Regression analysis showed that social network is characterized by an important factor contributing to this result; it is this choice of social entrepreneurs, the reality of the network as a basis for research topics.
In second section, we analyze on entrepreneurial behavior embedded in social networks dynamics and logic based on socio-biological perspective. We discuss about the driven-power, process, lifecycle and performance of entrepreneur social networks. And then we analyze the social network evolution mechanism in the view of social biology theory. As the result, social network of entrepreneurs changed as: from the embedded link to balance embedded network and cohesive network of ties; from closed link network to network with structure holes; from purpose of path dependence to management goals.
In third section, we discuss about the relationships between entrepreneurial social networks and entrepreneurial capabilities and entrepreneurial performance. First, we discuss the factors as the strength of entrepreneurial social networks, structure and type; and further analyze the key factors as entrepreneurial capabilities of identified entrepreneurial opportunities, endogenous learning, financing and integration of resources. On this basis, we study the relationships between entrepreneurial social network structure, entrepreneurial capability and performance. Second, we discuss the detailed network structure of social entrepreneurs and the entrepreneurial capabilities of the relationship between the assumptions made related to the proposition to be tested; later, research on the relationships between entrepreneurial capabilities and entrepreneurial performance. Again, through analysis, we discuss the contribution of entrepreneur social network to entrepreneurial capability and performance. Finally, we discuss the function paths of entrepreneurial social network to optimiz and affect the entrepreneur success.
In fourth section, we discuss the optimization of entrepreneurial social network, improve their business performance measures and proposals for a clear direction for further study. We mainly analyze the entrepreneurial ability to integrate social network resources, improve the entrepreneurial social network governance mechanisms and to enhance the growth of start-ups, etc., the realization of entrepreneurial social networks, and the improvement the survival of start-ups and development. Finally, the full text of the summary, further research directions.
第一部分为全文研究提供理论和现实依据,也是本文的缘起。首先回顾了基于战略适应论视角、资源论视角、认知论视角、群体生态论视角等关于创业企业家社会网络行为的理论阐释和模型分析,这是本文选择创业企业家社会网络嵌入和应用行为作为研究主题的理论基础；然后分别运用创业成功绩效、生存绩效和发展绩效指标等对企业创业能力与绩效的关系进行了实证分析,结果发现社会网络对于企业创业能力和创业绩效具有明显的正相关关系,且因社会网络特征的差异存在很大差距。回归分析表明,社会网络特征是造成这一结果的重要因素,这是本文选择企业家社会网络作为研究主题的现实依据。
第二部分立足于社会网络嵌入视角,分析企业家社会网络嵌入的行为动因与逻辑。首先是对企业家社会网络的嵌入性特征进行分析,着重阐释企业家社会网络嵌入的动力、过程、周期规律及绩效等。其次,分析企业家社会网络演化的机理,以及企业家社会网络的进化过程。分析认为,企业家社会网络具有存在性、过程性、寻租性和弱关联性等,且社会网络主要从嵌入纽带的网络向平衡嵌入纽带与嵌入近距离纽带的网络转变,从有凝聚力的纽带的网络向架构结构洞的纽带的网络转变,从路径依赖的网络向有目的管理网络转变。
第三部分分析企业家社会网络与创业能力、创业绩效关系的实证研究。首先是分析企业家社会网络的强度、结构以及类型；进而分析企业家创业能力的关键变量,如创业机会识别、网络内生学习、融资以及实现资源整合等；在此基础上,进一步考察企业家社会网络结构与创业能力及绩效之间的假设关系,构建企业家社会网络与创业能力、绩效之间的关系模型。其次,详细阐述创业企业家社会网络结构与创业能力之间的假设关系,提出相关待检验的命题；之后,探讨创业能力与创业绩效之间的相互作用关系及强度。再次,通过对创业企业家社会网络、创业能力与绩效之间的关系进行回归检验和路径分析,分析企业家社会网络对创业成功的作用路径和贡献。最后,通过检验结果的讨论分析企业家社会网络的优化以及影响创业的关键路径。
第四部分根据前文分析提出优化企业家社会网络,提升创业效能的对策建议,明确进一步研究的方向。主要从加强创业社会网络的资源整合能力、完善企业家社会网络治理机制、以及提高创业企业的成长性等方面,实现企业家社会网络的作用,提高创业企业的生存和发展能力。最后,对全文进行归纳总结,提出进一步研究的方向。
This dissertation focuses on social network of entrepreneurs, with empirical analysis on contribution of social network of entrepreneur to start-up. It also discusses the embedded manner and closely related problems as entrepreneurial capabilities, in order to form a good optimization of business performance. Full-text content can be summarized as four parts:
In first section, we discuss the theorial and practical basis for research, but also the origins of this article. Above all, we retrospect on strategic perspective, resource theory perspective, cognitive theory perspective, group-ecological perspective; wich relates to social network behavior on the entrepreneurs and plays foundation for model building and theoretical analysis. Further, different kinds of indicators are used to analyze the relationships between entrepreneurial capabilities and performance of China's enterprises, as financial indicators, strategic indicators, etc. Regression analysis showed that social network is characterized by an important factor contributing to this result; it is this choice of social entrepreneurs, the reality of the network as a basis for research topics.
In second section, we analyze on entrepreneurial behavior embedded in social networks dynamics and logic based on socio-biological perspective. We discuss about the driven-power, process, lifecycle and performance of entrepreneur social networks. And then we analyze the social network evolution mechanism in the view of social biology theory. As the result, social network of entrepreneurs changed as: from the embedded link to balance embedded network and cohesive network of ties; from closed link network to network with structure holes; from purpose of path dependence to management goals.
In third section, we discuss about the relationships between entrepreneurial social networks and entrepreneurial capabilities and entrepreneurial performance. First, we discuss the factors as the strength of entrepreneurial social networks, structure and type; and further analyze the key factors as entrepreneurial capabilities of identified entrepreneurial opportunities, endogenous learning, financing and integration of resources. On this basis, we study the relationships between entrepreneurial social network structure, entrepreneurial capability and performance. Second, we discuss the detailed network structure of social entrepreneurs and the entrepreneurial capabilities of the relationship between the assumptions made related to the proposition to be tested; later, research on the relationships between entrepreneurial capabilities and entrepreneurial performance. Again, through analysis, we discuss the contribution of entrepreneur social network to entrepreneurial capability and performance. Finally, we discuss the function paths of entrepreneurial social network to optimiz and affect the entrepreneur success.
In fourth section, we discuss the optimization of entrepreneurial social network, improve their business performance measures and proposals for a clear direction for further study. We mainly analyze the entrepreneurial ability to integrate social network resources, improve the entrepreneurial social network governance mechanisms and to enhance the growth of start-ups, etc., the realization of entrepreneurial social networks, and the improvement the survival of start-ups and development. Finally, the full text of the summary, further research directions.
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