加载磁絮凝技术处理微污染原水的试验研究
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摘要
水是生命之源,是一切生命赖以生存的物质基础,随着人民生活水平的提高和社会的发展,对供水的水质要求越来越严格。而现实的情况是,近年来随着城市现代化和工业生产活动的不断发展,人类的活动范围不断扩大,大量的生活污水和工业废水不断地被排入湖泊、江河和土壤中,饮用水源水的污染在加剧,严重危害了生态环境,现有水厂的制水难度越来越大,一些自来水水质呈变差的趋势。有效处理微污染原水,制备高质量饮用水已成为我国面临的挑战之一。如今,微污染原水的处理方法有很多种(如化学法、物理化学法、微生物法等等),这些方法在实际应用中也比较广泛,为了探索更有效的处理方法,本文主要就加载磁絮凝技术处理微污染原水中的CODMn和浊度进行了实验研究,为此技术在以后制备饮用水的工程应用中提供技术参考。
研究的主要内容为：利用静态烧杯实验研究聚合氯化铝和聚合硫酸铁对微污染原水中CODMn和浊度去除效果的影响因素以及其最适宜投加条件,然后经技术经济比选,选出最优絮凝剂,再与磁粉配合使用,研究磁粉的最佳投加条件,得出试验结果后进行正交性实验设计,确定试验因素的主次顺序和最佳搭配水平,以实验数据为依据对自来水厂进行工艺设计,研究磁絮凝技术的运行优点,最后进行工程概算和成本计算,从技术、经济效益方面进行比较,得出磁絮凝技术在自来水厂中应用的现实性。
研究的结果表明：(1)聚合氯化铝去微污染原水中CODMn和浊度的的最佳实验条件为：投加量为60mg/L,静沉时间为20min,pH值为7-8,取自然水温即可。(2)聚合硫酸铁去微污染原水中CODMn和浊度的最佳实验条件为：投加量为100mg/L,静沉时间为30min,pH值为7-8,取自然水温即可。(3)进行技术经济比选,得出聚合氯化铝为最优混凝剂,聚合氯化铝与磁粉结合,磁粉的最佳实验条件为：投加量为500mg/L,静沉时间为15min,pH值为7-8,取自然水温即可。(4)正交实验设计得出最佳运行条件为：PAC投加量为60mg/L,静沉时间为15min,磁粉投加量为500mg/L,pH值为7-8。(5)对设计的工艺进行工程概算,自来水厂制水量为20000m3/d,总投资为2810.63万元,其中：建设工程费为2175.71万元；其他费用为454.91万元；预备费为157.84万元；铺底资金为22.17万元。(6)最后对该处理技术进行了成本分析,分析结果为：全年供水成本为758万元,经营成本624万元,单位供水成本为1.04元,单位经营成本为0.85元。
Water is the source of life, all life is the material basis for survival. With the improvement of people's living standard and the development of society, the water quality is more and more strict. But the reality is, in recent years as the city modernization and industrial production's unceasing development, the scope of human activities continue to expand, large amounts of sewage and industrial wastewater has been discharged into the lake, rivers and soil, drinking water source pollution in aggravate, serious harm to the ecological environment, the existing water works water difficulty more and more.some tap water was variation trend. Effective treatment of micro polluted raw water, the preparation of high quality drinking water in our country has become one of the challenges facing. Nowadays, the treatment of micro polluted raw water in many ways (such as chemical method, pHysical and chemical, microbiological method etc.). Practical applications of these methods are also quite extensive. In order to explore the more effective treatment methods, this paper mainly loaded magnetic flocculation technology for treatment of micro polluted raw water in COD and turbidity was studied, for this technology in preparation of drinking water project application to provide technical reference.
The main content of the research are:the use of static beaker experiment of polyaluminium chloride and ferric sulfate from Micropolluted Raw Water by COD and turbidity removal factor as well as its most appropriate dosing conditions, then through the comparison of technology and economy, optimum flocculant, and magnetic particle binding, research the best dosing conditions, then further experiments, according to the orthogonal experimental results and the actual situation of water plant process design, the project budget and cost analysis.
The results of the study show that:(1) polymerization aluminum chloride to micro polluted raw water in CODMn and turbidity of the optimum experimental conditions:dosage is60mg/L, static settling time is20min, pH7.5, temperature had little effect, and the room temperature.(2) polymerized ferric sulfate to the micro polluted raw water in CODMn and turbidity of the optimum experimental conditions:dosage is100mg/L, static settling time is30min, pH7.5, temperature had little effect, and the room temperature.(3) for technical and economic comparison, the optimal coagulant polyaluminum chloride, PAC and magnetic combined, the optimum experiment conditions:dosage is500mg/L, static settling time is15min, pH7.5, temperature had little effect, and the room temperature.(4) by orthogonal experiments the optimum operating condition PAC dosage is60mg/L, static settling time is15min, magnetic powder dosage is500mg/L, pH7.5.(5) on the design of the process of project budgetary estimate, water plant water for20000m/D, for a total investment of28,106,300yuan, of which:the construction project cost to be21,757,100yuan; other costs454,9100yuan; reserve cost is1578400yuan; start-up funds for221,700yuan.(6) at the end of the processing technology and the cost analysis, the analysis results:annual water cost is7,580,000yuan, operating costs6,240,000yuan, unit water supply cost is1.04yuan, unit operation cost is0.85yuan.
研究的主要内容为：利用静态烧杯实验研究聚合氯化铝和聚合硫酸铁对微污染原水中CODMn和浊度去除效果的影响因素以及其最适宜投加条件,然后经技术经济比选,选出最优絮凝剂,再与磁粉配合使用,研究磁粉的最佳投加条件,得出试验结果后进行正交性实验设计,确定试验因素的主次顺序和最佳搭配水平,以实验数据为依据对自来水厂进行工艺设计,研究磁絮凝技术的运行优点,最后进行工程概算和成本计算,从技术、经济效益方面进行比较,得出磁絮凝技术在自来水厂中应用的现实性。
研究的结果表明：(1)聚合氯化铝去微污染原水中CODMn和浊度的的最佳实验条件为：投加量为60mg/L,静沉时间为20min,pH值为7-8,取自然水温即可。(2)聚合硫酸铁去微污染原水中CODMn和浊度的最佳实验条件为：投加量为100mg/L,静沉时间为30min,pH值为7-8,取自然水温即可。(3)进行技术经济比选,得出聚合氯化铝为最优混凝剂,聚合氯化铝与磁粉结合,磁粉的最佳实验条件为：投加量为500mg/L,静沉时间为15min,pH值为7-8,取自然水温即可。(4)正交实验设计得出最佳运行条件为：PAC投加量为60mg/L,静沉时间为15min,磁粉投加量为500mg/L,pH值为7-8。(5)对设计的工艺进行工程概算,自来水厂制水量为20000m3/d,总投资为2810.63万元,其中：建设工程费为2175.71万元；其他费用为454.91万元；预备费为157.84万元；铺底资金为22.17万元。(6)最后对该处理技术进行了成本分析,分析结果为：全年供水成本为758万元,经营成本624万元,单位供水成本为1.04元,单位经营成本为0.85元。
Water is the source of life, all life is the material basis for survival. With the improvement of people's living standard and the development of society, the water quality is more and more strict. But the reality is, in recent years as the city modernization and industrial production's unceasing development, the scope of human activities continue to expand, large amounts of sewage and industrial wastewater has been discharged into the lake, rivers and soil, drinking water source pollution in aggravate, serious harm to the ecological environment, the existing water works water difficulty more and more.some tap water was variation trend. Effective treatment of micro polluted raw water, the preparation of high quality drinking water in our country has become one of the challenges facing. Nowadays, the treatment of micro polluted raw water in many ways (such as chemical method, pHysical and chemical, microbiological method etc.). Practical applications of these methods are also quite extensive. In order to explore the more effective treatment methods, this paper mainly loaded magnetic flocculation technology for treatment of micro polluted raw water in COD and turbidity was studied, for this technology in preparation of drinking water project application to provide technical reference.
The main content of the research are:the use of static beaker experiment of polyaluminium chloride and ferric sulfate from Micropolluted Raw Water by COD and turbidity removal factor as well as its most appropriate dosing conditions, then through the comparison of technology and economy, optimum flocculant, and magnetic particle binding, research the best dosing conditions, then further experiments, according to the orthogonal experimental results and the actual situation of water plant process design, the project budget and cost analysis.
The results of the study show that:(1) polymerization aluminum chloride to micro polluted raw water in CODMn and turbidity of the optimum experimental conditions:dosage is60mg/L, static settling time is20min, pH7.5, temperature had little effect, and the room temperature.(2) polymerized ferric sulfate to the micro polluted raw water in CODMn and turbidity of the optimum experimental conditions:dosage is100mg/L, static settling time is30min, pH7.5, temperature had little effect, and the room temperature.(3) for technical and economic comparison, the optimal coagulant polyaluminum chloride, PAC and magnetic combined, the optimum experiment conditions:dosage is500mg/L, static settling time is15min, pH7.5, temperature had little effect, and the room temperature.(4) by orthogonal experiments the optimum operating condition PAC dosage is60mg/L, static settling time is15min, magnetic powder dosage is500mg/L, pH7.5.(5) on the design of the process of project budgetary estimate, water plant water for20000m/D, for a total investment of28,106,300yuan, of which:the construction project cost to be21,757,100yuan; other costs454,9100yuan; reserve cost is1578400yuan; start-up funds for221,700yuan.(6) at the end of the processing technology and the cost analysis, the analysis results:annual water cost is7,580,000yuan, operating costs6,240,000yuan, unit water supply cost is1.04yuan, unit operation cost is0.85yuan.
引文
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