微波辅助催化氧化印刷电路板有机废水的研究
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摘要
随着电子工业的发展,近年来印刷电路板行业发展迅速。在印刷电路板制备过程中所产生的脱膜废水,处理难度较大,严重地影响了环境。采用传统的生物和物化工艺很难将该废水处理达标,因此该废水的处理成为印刷电路板厂家急需解决的难题。本文以印刷电路板脱膜废水为处理对象,采用微波辅助催化氧化方法对其进行处理,实验结果表明:该方法可以达到较好的处理效果。
实验中,首先考察了微波加热臭氧氧化脱膜废水的处理效果。通过改变微波功率、pH值、气体流速、反应时间这些影响因素,观察其对废水处理效果的影响,当pH值为8.0、气体流速为300ml/min、臭氧浓度为0.55mg/L、微波功率为500W、处理时间为15min,废水的COD去除率达10.3%。结果表明,仅微波加热臭氧氧化处理废水的效果欠佳。随后,在原实验的基础上加入催化剂来提高氧化处理效果,以微波加热制备出的竹质活性炭作为首选的催化剂。在微波—竹质活性炭—臭氧催化氧化废水的实验中,讨论了催化剂用量、臭氧浓度、气体流速、微波功率、pH值及反应时间对废水处理效果的影响,同时进行了相关因素的正交实验。极差分析表明,各因素主次关系为:催化剂用量>pH值>加热时间>臭氧浓度>微波功率>气体流速;在最佳条件下(催化剂用量为1.5g、pH值为6.0、加热时间为15min、臭氧浓度为0.55mg/L、微波功率为400W、气体流速为400ml/min)进行的实验,废水的COD去除率达85.0%,处理后的COD值为135mg/L,仍未能达到国家排放标准。
最后,对竹质活性炭进行了改性,使用表面上负载了金属活性组分的竹质活性炭于微波—改性竹质活性炭—臭氧催化氧化印刷电路板废水的实验中。结果表明,改性后的竹质活性炭具有很好的使用寿命,在使用10次后,废水的COD去除率仍可达88.2%;改性后的竹质活性炭比未改性的具有更好的催化效果,当催化剂为1.0g、pH值为6.0、气体流速为400ml/min、臭氧浓度为0.55mg/L、微波功率为500W、处理时间为25min,处理后废水的COD去除率达95.6%,COD值为39mg/L,达到国家一级排放标准。
With the development of the electronics industry, the printed circuit board production has been developed very quickly in recent years. Throughout the processes of printed circuit board, the stripping wastewater has been piped with the characteristics of hard to be handled and dangerous to the environment. Because it was difficult to be treated to the emission stander by biological and physical-chemical processes, the wastewater became the most difficult problem that the PCB factories had to solve. By taking the printed circuit board stripping wastewater as the subject, this paper used microwave assisted catalytic oxidation to treat the wastewater, and he results showed that this method could achieve good effect.
This paper first studied the influencing factors on the treated effect under microwave heating ozone oxidation by changing microwave power, pH value, gas flow rate and the reation time. As a result, under such a condition of pH value of 6.0, gas flow rate of 400 ml/ min, the concentration of ozone of 0.55 mg/L, microwave power of 500 W, the processing time of 25 minutes, that the COD removal rate could reach to 10.3 percent. The data showed that wastewater treated result was not good under microwave heating ozone oxidation without catalyzer.
Then, in order to improve the treated effect, catalyzer was added in the original experiment. And the bamboo activated carbon made by microwave irradiation was the perferred one. In the experiments under microwe--bamboo activated carbon--ozone catalytic oxidation, several factors as the catalyst amount, the concentrations of ozone, the gas flow rate, the microwave power, pH value, and the reaction time were studied on treated effect, and these six factors’orthogonal experimentes were taken. The poor analysis showed that the relationshipes between primary and secondary factors were the amount of catalyst> pH value> heating time> ozone concentration> microwave power> air velocity, the treated wastewater COD removal rate under the best condition (the amount of catalyst 1.5 g, pH of 6.0, heating time of 15 minutes, ozone concentration of 0.55 mg/L, 400 W of microwave power, gas flow rate of 400 ml/min) could reach to 85.0 percent, with the treated wastewater COD value of 135 mg/L, which was still unable to meet the state wastewater discharge stander.
Finally, the bamboo activated carbon was modified, and whose surface loaded metal was used as the catalyzer in the wastewater treated experiments under microwe--modified bamboo activated carbon--ozone catalytic oxidation. As a result, the modified bamboo activated carbon had good reuseful performance. On the 10th reuse time, the COD removal rate still could reach to 88.2 percent. The data also indicated that the modified bamboo activated carbon was more suitable to be the catalyzer in the experiment than bamboo activated carbon. When 1.0 g the catalyzer was used, pH value of 6.0, gas flow rate of 400 ml/min, the concentration of ozone 0.55 mg/L, microwave power of 500W, the processing time of 25 minutes, the COD removal rate could reach to 95.6 percent, and the treated wastewater COD value was decreased to 39 mg/L, which could meet the first wastewater discharge stander.
实验中,首先考察了微波加热臭氧氧化脱膜废水的处理效果。通过改变微波功率、pH值、气体流速、反应时间这些影响因素,观察其对废水处理效果的影响,当pH值为8.0、气体流速为300ml/min、臭氧浓度为0.55mg/L、微波功率为500W、处理时间为15min,废水的COD去除率达10.3%。结果表明,仅微波加热臭氧氧化处理废水的效果欠佳。随后,在原实验的基础上加入催化剂来提高氧化处理效果,以微波加热制备出的竹质活性炭作为首选的催化剂。在微波—竹质活性炭—臭氧催化氧化废水的实验中,讨论了催化剂用量、臭氧浓度、气体流速、微波功率、pH值及反应时间对废水处理效果的影响,同时进行了相关因素的正交实验。极差分析表明,各因素主次关系为:催化剂用量>pH值>加热时间>臭氧浓度>微波功率>气体流速;在最佳条件下(催化剂用量为1.5g、pH值为6.0、加热时间为15min、臭氧浓度为0.55mg/L、微波功率为400W、气体流速为400ml/min)进行的实验,废水的COD去除率达85.0%,处理后的COD值为135mg/L,仍未能达到国家排放标准。
最后,对竹质活性炭进行了改性,使用表面上负载了金属活性组分的竹质活性炭于微波—改性竹质活性炭—臭氧催化氧化印刷电路板废水的实验中。结果表明,改性后的竹质活性炭具有很好的使用寿命,在使用10次后,废水的COD去除率仍可达88.2%;改性后的竹质活性炭比未改性的具有更好的催化效果,当催化剂为1.0g、pH值为6.0、气体流速为400ml/min、臭氧浓度为0.55mg/L、微波功率为500W、处理时间为25min,处理后废水的COD去除率达95.6%,COD值为39mg/L,达到国家一级排放标准。
With the development of the electronics industry, the printed circuit board production has been developed very quickly in recent years. Throughout the processes of printed circuit board, the stripping wastewater has been piped with the characteristics of hard to be handled and dangerous to the environment. Because it was difficult to be treated to the emission stander by biological and physical-chemical processes, the wastewater became the most difficult problem that the PCB factories had to solve. By taking the printed circuit board stripping wastewater as the subject, this paper used microwave assisted catalytic oxidation to treat the wastewater, and he results showed that this method could achieve good effect.
This paper first studied the influencing factors on the treated effect under microwave heating ozone oxidation by changing microwave power, pH value, gas flow rate and the reation time. As a result, under such a condition of pH value of 6.0, gas flow rate of 400 ml/ min, the concentration of ozone of 0.55 mg/L, microwave power of 500 W, the processing time of 25 minutes, that the COD removal rate could reach to 10.3 percent. The data showed that wastewater treated result was not good under microwave heating ozone oxidation without catalyzer.
Then, in order to improve the treated effect, catalyzer was added in the original experiment. And the bamboo activated carbon made by microwave irradiation was the perferred one. In the experiments under microwe--bamboo activated carbon--ozone catalytic oxidation, several factors as the catalyst amount, the concentrations of ozone, the gas flow rate, the microwave power, pH value, and the reaction time were studied on treated effect, and these six factors’orthogonal experimentes were taken. The poor analysis showed that the relationshipes between primary and secondary factors were the amount of catalyst> pH value> heating time> ozone concentration> microwave power> air velocity, the treated wastewater COD removal rate under the best condition (the amount of catalyst 1.5 g, pH of 6.0, heating time of 15 minutes, ozone concentration of 0.55 mg/L, 400 W of microwave power, gas flow rate of 400 ml/min) could reach to 85.0 percent, with the treated wastewater COD value of 135 mg/L, which was still unable to meet the state wastewater discharge stander.
Finally, the bamboo activated carbon was modified, and whose surface loaded metal was used as the catalyzer in the wastewater treated experiments under microwe--modified bamboo activated carbon--ozone catalytic oxidation. As a result, the modified bamboo activated carbon had good reuseful performance. On the 10th reuse time, the COD removal rate still could reach to 88.2 percent. The data also indicated that the modified bamboo activated carbon was more suitable to be the catalyzer in the experiment than bamboo activated carbon. When 1.0 g the catalyzer was used, pH value of 6.0, gas flow rate of 400 ml/min, the concentration of ozone 0.55 mg/L, microwave power of 500W, the processing time of 25 minutes, the COD removal rate could reach to 95.6 percent, and the treated wastewater COD value was decreased to 39 mg/L, which could meet the first wastewater discharge stander.
引文
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