针刺四神聪穴对大鼠脑电及失眠大鼠脑内NE和5-HT含量影响的实验研究
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摘要
目的：(1)观察针刺四神聪对大鼠睡眠时间及时相的影响。(2)观察针刺四神聪穴对失眠大鼠的脑桥蓝斑核(LC)中去甲肾上腺素(NE)含量和中缝背核(NRD)中5-羟色胺(5-HT)含量的影响。从而为临床上针刺四神聪穴治疗失眠有效提供客观依据。
方法：
(1)实验一，以Wistar大鼠为受试对象，选取30只雄性大鼠，分成3组：对照组(10只)；手针组(10只)；电针组(10只)。观测睡眠时间和使用16道生理信号记录仪测量睡眠时相。
(2)实验二，以Wistar大鼠为受试对象，选取50只雄性大鼠，分成5组：空白对照组(简称空白组)(10只)；模型对照组(简称模型组)(10只)；手针组(10只)；电针组(10只)；安定组(10只)，采用腹腔注射对氯苯丙胺酸(PCPA)复制失眠动物模型，针刺组行7日针刺及药物组行7日安定灌胃后，取大鼠脑干的LC和NRD组织，通过荧光分光度法测定LC中的NE含量和NRD中的5-HT含量。
结果：
一，实验一结果
(一)，手针组及电针组对戊巴比妥钠所致的大鼠的睡眠时间延长，与对照组比较有统计学显著性差异(P＜0.05)。
(二)电针组与手针组相比睡眠时间延长更为明显，两组比较有统计学显著性差异(P＜0.05)。
(三)，手针组及电针组对戊巴比妥钠所致大鼠睡眠时相慢波睡眠2期(SWS2期)，快眼动睡眠期(REM期)和总睡眠时间(TST时间)与对照组比较均明显延长，其差异均有统计学显著性意义(P＜0.05)。上述3组之间比较，SWS1时间无显著性差异(P＞0.05)。
(四)，电针与手针组比较，大鼠睡眠时相SWS2期、REM期和TST时间延长更加明显，其差异有统计学显著性意义(P＜0.05)。
二，实验二结果
(一)，模型组与空白组的大鼠比较，脑桥蓝斑核(LC)中去甲肾上腺素含量明显高于空白组(p＜0.01)；中缝背核(NRD)中5-羟色胺含量明显低于空白组(P＜0.05)。
(二)，手针组、电针组与模型组大鼠比较，NRD中5-HT含量明显升高(P＜0.01)；LC中NE含量明显降低(手针与模型组比较P＜0.05，电针与模型组比较P＜0.01)。
(三)，电针组与手针组大鼠相比，LC中的NE含量明显减少，有统计学显著性差别(P＜0.05)；NRD中5-HT含量无统计学显著性差别。(P＞0.05)。
(四)，安定组与模型组大鼠相比，脑桥LC中NE含量和NRD中5-HT含量均无显著性变化(P＞0.05)。
结论：
一，针刺神聪穴可协同戊巴比妥钠，延长睡眠时间。电针比手针作用更加明显。
二，针刺能够优化睡眠结构，促进睡眠及提高睡眠质量，而电针较之手针效果更加明显。
三，本实验验证了PCPA法是复制大鼠失眠模型的可靠方法。
四，手针或电针治疗后，均可使PCPA失眠大鼠NRD降低的5-HT含量升高；LC中升高的NE含量降低，这可能是实现其促进睡眠，提高睡眠质量的作用机制之一。
五，从脑内神经递质层次上看，尚不能得出手针与电针治疗对PCPA失眠大鼠疗效有差异的结论。但结合手针与电针对睡眠时间和睡眠时相的影响的差异，倾向于认为电针对失眠大鼠对疗效更好。
六，安定对PCPA失眠大鼠脑内的NE和5-HT含量无明显影响。这可能与临床患者服药后出现虽失眠得以改善，但自我满意程度较低的现象有关。
七，综合两个实验，针刺四神聪改善大鼠睡眠的疗效是比较肯定的。客观现象与微观变化很好的呼应，说明它们之间可能有着内在的联系。即针刺四神聪延长睡眠时间和改善大鼠睡眠结构的机理可能与改变大鼠脑内的单胺类递质含量有关。
Objective: (1) To observe the influence of sleep time and sleep phase of the hypnotized big mice caused by Sishencong acupuncture. (2) Probe into noradrenaline and 5-Hydrroxytryptamine influence in the insomnia rats' brains caused by Sishencong acupuncture, thus to offer the objective basis for the effective treatment of insomnia with acupuncturing Sishencong.
Methods:
1, In experiment one, Wistar big mice will be regarded as target, We will choose 30 big mice which are divided into 3 groups at random: control group(10 rats); hand acupuncture group(10 rats); electric acupuncture group(10 rats). Observe the change of sleep time and sleep phase which will be recorded by the 16 physiological signal recording instrument.
2, In experiment two, Wistar big mice will be regarded as target, We will choose 50 big mice which are divided into 5 groups at random: Blank control group (10 rats); Model control group (10 rats); Hand acupuncture group (10 rats); Electric acupuncture group (10 rats); Diazepam group (10 rats). Duplicate insomnia model of rats by means of PCPA abdominal injection. The animals in the two acupuncture groups will be treated with 7 days' acupuncture, the animals in Diazepam group will be treated with 7 days' diazepam intragastric administration, then study the results of the treatments by observing the content of NE in insomnia rats' LC, the content of 5-HT in insomnia rats' NRD.
Results:
1, The results of experiment one
(1) Hand acupuncture and electric acupuncture can both apparently prolong the sleep time of big mice which have been hypnotized by sodium pentobarbital (P<0.5).
(2) The sleep time of big mice of electric acupuncture group was prolonged more obviously compared with those of hand acupuncture group (P<0.5).
(3) Comparing hand acupuncture group and electric acupuncture group with model control group, the time of SWS2, REM and TST was obviously prolonged. There is a statistical significant difference in them (P<0.05). Among the three groups, there is no statistical significant difference in the time of SWS1 (P>0.05).
(4) Comparing electric acupuncture group with hand acupuncture group, the sleep phase of SWS2, REM and TST was prolonged obviously. There is a statistical significant difference in them (P<0.05).
2, The results of experiment two
(1) The content of NE in LC of the big mice of the model group is apparently higher than that of the blank control group (P<0.01), and the content of 5-HT in NRD of the former is apparently lower than the latter (P<0.05).
(2) The content of 5-HT in NRD of the big mice of the two acupuncture groups is remarkably higher than that of the model group (P<0.01). The content of NE in LC of the former is apparently lower than the latter (hand acupuncture group compared with model group: P<0.05; electric acupuncture group compared with model group: P<0.01).
(3) The content of NE in LC of the big mice of the electric acupuncture group is apparently lower than that of the hand acupuncture group (P<0.05); But there is no statistical significant difference about the content of 5-HT in NRD between these two groups (P>0.05)
(4) There is no statistical significant difference between the Diazepam group and the model group about the content of NE in LC and the 5-HT in NRD (P>0.05)
Conclusion:
(1) Acupuncture can prolong the sleep time of mice, the effect of electric acupuncture is more apparent than that of hand acupuncture.
(2) Acupuncture can better the frame of sleep phase of the big mice; can promote the quality of sleep. The effect of electric acupuncture is more apparent than that of hand acupuncture.
(3) Experimental results reveal that PCPA abdominal cavity injection is a credible method to duplicate the model of insomnia big mouse.
(4) The treatment of hand acupuncture and electric acupuncture can both decrease the content of NE in pontine LC which has been increased in the PCPA insomnia big mice, and can both increase the content of 5-HT in NRD which has been decreased in these mice. This may be one of the mechanisms that acupuncture can promote sleep and enhance the quality of it.
(5) It can't be determined that there is difference between the effect of electric acupuncture and hand acupuncture yet from the change of NE and 5-HT in big mice's brain. But allowing for the different effect on sleep time and sleep phase, we can consider that the effect of former is probably better than the latter.
(6) The diazepam intragastric administration may has no marked effect on the content of NE and 5-HT in the brains of PCPA insomnia big mice. This result may be in relation to the phenomena that although the patients' sleep duration is prolonged and they are easy to get into sleep, they aren't satisfied with their sleep.
(7) Altogether, there is great effect of Sishencong acupuncture on the big mice's sleep. The mechanism of the case that acupuncturing Sishencong can prolong the sleep time and better the frame of big mice's sleep may correlate with the case that it can change the content of neurotransmitter in big mice's brains.
方法：
(1)实验一，以Wistar大鼠为受试对象，选取30只雄性大鼠，分成3组：对照组(10只)；手针组(10只)；电针组(10只)。观测睡眠时间和使用16道生理信号记录仪测量睡眠时相。
(2)实验二，以Wistar大鼠为受试对象，选取50只雄性大鼠，分成5组：空白对照组(简称空白组)(10只)；模型对照组(简称模型组)(10只)；手针组(10只)；电针组(10只)；安定组(10只)，采用腹腔注射对氯苯丙胺酸(PCPA)复制失眠动物模型，针刺组行7日针刺及药物组行7日安定灌胃后，取大鼠脑干的LC和NRD组织，通过荧光分光度法测定LC中的NE含量和NRD中的5-HT含量。
结果：
一，实验一结果
(一)，手针组及电针组对戊巴比妥钠所致的大鼠的睡眠时间延长，与对照组比较有统计学显著性差异(P＜0.05)。
(二)电针组与手针组相比睡眠时间延长更为明显，两组比较有统计学显著性差异(P＜0.05)。
(三)，手针组及电针组对戊巴比妥钠所致大鼠睡眠时相慢波睡眠2期(SWS2期)，快眼动睡眠期(REM期)和总睡眠时间(TST时间)与对照组比较均明显延长，其差异均有统计学显著性意义(P＜0.05)。上述3组之间比较，SWS1时间无显著性差异(P＞0.05)。
(四)，电针与手针组比较，大鼠睡眠时相SWS2期、REM期和TST时间延长更加明显，其差异有统计学显著性意义(P＜0.05)。
二，实验二结果
(一)，模型组与空白组的大鼠比较，脑桥蓝斑核(LC)中去甲肾上腺素含量明显高于空白组(p＜0.01)；中缝背核(NRD)中5-羟色胺含量明显低于空白组(P＜0.05)。
(二)，手针组、电针组与模型组大鼠比较，NRD中5-HT含量明显升高(P＜0.01)；LC中NE含量明显降低(手针与模型组比较P＜0.05，电针与模型组比较P＜0.01)。
(三)，电针组与手针组大鼠相比，LC中的NE含量明显减少，有统计学显著性差别(P＜0.05)；NRD中5-HT含量无统计学显著性差别。(P＞0.05)。
(四)，安定组与模型组大鼠相比，脑桥LC中NE含量和NRD中5-HT含量均无显著性变化(P＞0.05)。
结论：
一，针刺神聪穴可协同戊巴比妥钠，延长睡眠时间。电针比手针作用更加明显。
二，针刺能够优化睡眠结构，促进睡眠及提高睡眠质量，而电针较之手针效果更加明显。
三，本实验验证了PCPA法是复制大鼠失眠模型的可靠方法。
四，手针或电针治疗后，均可使PCPA失眠大鼠NRD降低的5-HT含量升高；LC中升高的NE含量降低，这可能是实现其促进睡眠，提高睡眠质量的作用机制之一。
五，从脑内神经递质层次上看，尚不能得出手针与电针治疗对PCPA失眠大鼠疗效有差异的结论。但结合手针与电针对睡眠时间和睡眠时相的影响的差异，倾向于认为电针对失眠大鼠对疗效更好。
六，安定对PCPA失眠大鼠脑内的NE和5-HT含量无明显影响。这可能与临床患者服药后出现虽失眠得以改善，但自我满意程度较低的现象有关。
七，综合两个实验，针刺四神聪改善大鼠睡眠的疗效是比较肯定的。客观现象与微观变化很好的呼应，说明它们之间可能有着内在的联系。即针刺四神聪延长睡眠时间和改善大鼠睡眠结构的机理可能与改变大鼠脑内的单胺类递质含量有关。
Objective: (1) To observe the influence of sleep time and sleep phase of the hypnotized big mice caused by Sishencong acupuncture. (2) Probe into noradrenaline and 5-Hydrroxytryptamine influence in the insomnia rats' brains caused by Sishencong acupuncture, thus to offer the objective basis for the effective treatment of insomnia with acupuncturing Sishencong.
Methods:
1, In experiment one, Wistar big mice will be regarded as target, We will choose 30 big mice which are divided into 3 groups at random: control group(10 rats); hand acupuncture group(10 rats); electric acupuncture group(10 rats). Observe the change of sleep time and sleep phase which will be recorded by the 16 physiological signal recording instrument.
2, In experiment two, Wistar big mice will be regarded as target, We will choose 50 big mice which are divided into 5 groups at random: Blank control group (10 rats); Model control group (10 rats); Hand acupuncture group (10 rats); Electric acupuncture group (10 rats); Diazepam group (10 rats). Duplicate insomnia model of rats by means of PCPA abdominal injection. The animals in the two acupuncture groups will be treated with 7 days' acupuncture, the animals in Diazepam group will be treated with 7 days' diazepam intragastric administration, then study the results of the treatments by observing the content of NE in insomnia rats' LC, the content of 5-HT in insomnia rats' NRD.
Results:
1, The results of experiment one
(1) Hand acupuncture and electric acupuncture can both apparently prolong the sleep time of big mice which have been hypnotized by sodium pentobarbital (P<0.5).
(2) The sleep time of big mice of electric acupuncture group was prolonged more obviously compared with those of hand acupuncture group (P<0.5).
(3) Comparing hand acupuncture group and electric acupuncture group with model control group, the time of SWS2, REM and TST was obviously prolonged. There is a statistical significant difference in them (P<0.05). Among the three groups, there is no statistical significant difference in the time of SWS1 (P>0.05).
(4) Comparing electric acupuncture group with hand acupuncture group, the sleep phase of SWS2, REM and TST was prolonged obviously. There is a statistical significant difference in them (P<0.05).
2, The results of experiment two
(1) The content of NE in LC of the big mice of the model group is apparently higher than that of the blank control group (P<0.01), and the content of 5-HT in NRD of the former is apparently lower than the latter (P<0.05).
(2) The content of 5-HT in NRD of the big mice of the two acupuncture groups is remarkably higher than that of the model group (P<0.01). The content of NE in LC of the former is apparently lower than the latter (hand acupuncture group compared with model group: P<0.05; electric acupuncture group compared with model group: P<0.01).
(3) The content of NE in LC of the big mice of the electric acupuncture group is apparently lower than that of the hand acupuncture group (P<0.05); But there is no statistical significant difference about the content of 5-HT in NRD between these two groups (P>0.05)
(4) There is no statistical significant difference between the Diazepam group and the model group about the content of NE in LC and the 5-HT in NRD (P>0.05)
Conclusion:
(1) Acupuncture can prolong the sleep time of mice, the effect of electric acupuncture is more apparent than that of hand acupuncture.
(2) Acupuncture can better the frame of sleep phase of the big mice; can promote the quality of sleep. The effect of electric acupuncture is more apparent than that of hand acupuncture.
(3) Experimental results reveal that PCPA abdominal cavity injection is a credible method to duplicate the model of insomnia big mouse.
(4) The treatment of hand acupuncture and electric acupuncture can both decrease the content of NE in pontine LC which has been increased in the PCPA insomnia big mice, and can both increase the content of 5-HT in NRD which has been decreased in these mice. This may be one of the mechanisms that acupuncture can promote sleep and enhance the quality of it.
(5) It can't be determined that there is difference between the effect of electric acupuncture and hand acupuncture yet from the change of NE and 5-HT in big mice's brain. But allowing for the different effect on sleep time and sleep phase, we can consider that the effect of former is probably better than the latter.
(6) The diazepam intragastric administration may has no marked effect on the content of NE and 5-HT in the brains of PCPA insomnia big mice. This result may be in relation to the phenomena that although the patients' sleep duration is prolonged and they are easy to get into sleep, they aren't satisfied with their sleep.
(7) Altogether, there is great effect of Sishencong acupuncture on the big mice's sleep. The mechanism of the case that acupuncturing Sishencong can prolong the sleep time and better the frame of big mice's sleep may correlate with the case that it can change the content of neurotransmitter in big mice's brains.
引文
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