储层流体包裹体技术研究与应用
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摘要
自1984年Haszeldine等在Nature上发表文章指出流体包裹体在储层成岩作用和油气成藏期次研究中的重要应用以来,储层流体包裹体的研究在油气成藏等石油地质领域得到了广泛的应用,是当今石油、天然气研究领域的前沿方向和热点之一,国际石油大公司Conoco、Amoco和Exxon Mobil公司等都是这一技术的积极倡导者和应用者。本文以苏北盆地为例对此开展了深入的研究。
论文首先提出适用于沉积盆地的储层流体包裹体的系统分类方案：根据流体包裹体的成因不同,结合包裹体的物理化学状态分为两大类：原生与次生流体包裹体；并指出区分原生、次生包裹体的八条原则；最后指出研究对象。
在此基础上,针对苏北盆地的特定性综合采用紫外荧光光谱、红外光谱和拉曼光谱技术对储层流体包裹体进行了分析。研究表明,紫外荧光分析是识别盐水包裹体和烃类包裹体的一种新方法：盐水包裹体无荧光,烃类包裹体荧光随成熟度不同而变化；红外光谱分析表明,油气多期(次)充注其光谱特征存在较大不同,CH2a/CH3a值越低,油气成熟度越高；低温原位拉曼光谱技术分析结果表明：本区成岩流体的盐类型主要是NaCl,CaCl2型。同时,颗粒荧光指数(GOI)分析表明：高邮凹陷阜宁组不同含油级别储层GOI差异较大,总体上可以GOI=6%来划分储层含油指标。
论文建立了储层流体包裹体PVT模拟方法,通过FIT软件模拟获得了不同成熟度烃类包裹体的油气组成。从模拟结果来看,随着成熟度增加,总体上甲烷含量增大,符合油气演化规律。
论文利用流体包裹体势的概念剖析了高邮凹陷沙埝地区和富民地区的油气运移方向。结果显示,沙埝油田成藏期古流体势总体上表现为由西南向东北逐渐降低的趋势；富民油田成藏期流体势变剖面上总体表现为南高北低,层内油气运移方向总体由南向北。结合地层构造趋势及断层封堵性,推测出有利勘探区。
论文利用石英微裂隙中的流体包裹体面(FIP)特征分析了高邮凹陷构造活动期次,探讨了构造活动与油气成藏的关系。结合构造演化史,最终确定出高邮凹陷深凹带阜宁组经历了4期构造运动,从早到晚依次与阜宁组沉积末期的吴堡构造运动、戴南组沉积时期的真武构造运动、三垛组沉积时期的三垛构造运动、盐城组沉积时期的盐城构造运动相对应。
From the article published on Nature in1984that wrote by Haszeldine etc. which announced the important application of fluid inclusions on the reservoir diagenesis and hydrocarbon reservoir ages, the studies on the fluid inclusions of the reservoir have getting an expensive application in the oil and gas research field, and it is becoming one of the hearty welcome questions and a deeply directions on petroleum and natural gas to study now, most of the international petroleum departments, such as the Conoco, the Amoco and the Exxon Mobil company etc., are the appliers and the urgers. The thesis opens a thorough research to this with Subei basin for the example.
The thesis puts forward the system classification of fluid inclusions for the very first time which is applicable to the reservoir of deposition basin. According to the different genetic classification and considering the physical chemistry appearance of fluid inclusions under the standard conditions, it is divided into two major type:protogenesis and secondary fluid inclusions; Points out eight principles that living to distinguish:the cracks, the microfissure, the grain sizes, the appearance, the even temperature, the distribution, the volumetric efficiency and the host mineral; pointes out the research object also.
On this foundation, the thesis have a synthesizes study aiming at the fluid inclusions of the reservoir, Subei basin, through by the ultraviolet spectrum, the infrared spectrum of and the Raman spectrum for the very first time. The research expresses the ultraviolet spectrum analysis is a new kind of methods that identifies from the saltwater inclusions to the hydrocarbon inclusions:the salt water inclusion without fluorescence but the hydrocarbons with the different fluorescence based on the diverse grade of maturity of the oil/gas; the infrared spectrum analysis shows the different characterizes of the diverse migrated time of the oil and gas, the more low of CH2/CH3is, the more high of oil matured degree; the low temperature Raman spectrum technique analysis results the main salt type of the reservoir is a NaCl and CaCl2.In the meantime, the grain fluorescence index number(GOI) analysis enunciates the difference of the reservoirs that with the different oil/gas display of the Gaoyou basin, and GOI=6%is a divide index sign.
The thesis built up the PVT method for the reservoir fluid inclusions, through the software of FIT get the hydrocarbon compositions of the different matured degree of the hydrocarbon inclusions. The results show the increasing content of CH4with the matured degree of oil/gas in the reservoir which matching the rule of oil/gas evolutionary process.
The thesis for the first time research the oil/gas migrate direction by the concept of streaming potential of fluid inclusion in the oil zone of Shanian and Fumin, Gaoyou basin. The results shows the reducing tendency from southwest to the northeast of the Shanian oil zone about the streaming potential on the whole of the oil/gas accumulation, the Fumin oil zone with the characters of the reducing tendency from the south to the north on the profile and the oil/gas migration with the tendency from south to the north on the whole. Considering the structural system and the fault plugging of the zone, judging the beneficial exploration area.
For the first time, the thesis analyzes the tectonic movement to the Gaoyou sag through by the characters of the fluid inclusions plain(FIP), and discusses the relationships between the tectonic movement and the oil/gas accumulation. Considering the structural feature history, the author makes sure that the deep depression of Funing formation of Gaoyou sag get through fourth tectonic movement which matches the fourth tectonic movement:the WuBao in the end of the Funing formation depression, the ZhenWu in the Dainan formation depression, the SanDuo in the Sanduo formation deoression and the YanCheng in the Yancheng formation depression in proper sequence.
论文首先提出适用于沉积盆地的储层流体包裹体的系统分类方案：根据流体包裹体的成因不同,结合包裹体的物理化学状态分为两大类：原生与次生流体包裹体；并指出区分原生、次生包裹体的八条原则；最后指出研究对象。
在此基础上,针对苏北盆地的特定性综合采用紫外荧光光谱、红外光谱和拉曼光谱技术对储层流体包裹体进行了分析。研究表明,紫外荧光分析是识别盐水包裹体和烃类包裹体的一种新方法：盐水包裹体无荧光,烃类包裹体荧光随成熟度不同而变化；红外光谱分析表明,油气多期(次)充注其光谱特征存在较大不同,CH2a/CH3a值越低,油气成熟度越高；低温原位拉曼光谱技术分析结果表明：本区成岩流体的盐类型主要是NaCl,CaCl2型。同时,颗粒荧光指数(GOI)分析表明：高邮凹陷阜宁组不同含油级别储层GOI差异较大,总体上可以GOI=6%来划分储层含油指标。
论文建立了储层流体包裹体PVT模拟方法,通过FIT软件模拟获得了不同成熟度烃类包裹体的油气组成。从模拟结果来看,随着成熟度增加,总体上甲烷含量增大,符合油气演化规律。
论文利用流体包裹体势的概念剖析了高邮凹陷沙埝地区和富民地区的油气运移方向。结果显示,沙埝油田成藏期古流体势总体上表现为由西南向东北逐渐降低的趋势；富民油田成藏期流体势变剖面上总体表现为南高北低,层内油气运移方向总体由南向北。结合地层构造趋势及断层封堵性,推测出有利勘探区。
论文利用石英微裂隙中的流体包裹体面(FIP)特征分析了高邮凹陷构造活动期次,探讨了构造活动与油气成藏的关系。结合构造演化史,最终确定出高邮凹陷深凹带阜宁组经历了4期构造运动,从早到晚依次与阜宁组沉积末期的吴堡构造运动、戴南组沉积时期的真武构造运动、三垛组沉积时期的三垛构造运动、盐城组沉积时期的盐城构造运动相对应。
From the article published on Nature in1984that wrote by Haszeldine etc. which announced the important application of fluid inclusions on the reservoir diagenesis and hydrocarbon reservoir ages, the studies on the fluid inclusions of the reservoir have getting an expensive application in the oil and gas research field, and it is becoming one of the hearty welcome questions and a deeply directions on petroleum and natural gas to study now, most of the international petroleum departments, such as the Conoco, the Amoco and the Exxon Mobil company etc., are the appliers and the urgers. The thesis opens a thorough research to this with Subei basin for the example.
The thesis puts forward the system classification of fluid inclusions for the very first time which is applicable to the reservoir of deposition basin. According to the different genetic classification and considering the physical chemistry appearance of fluid inclusions under the standard conditions, it is divided into two major type:protogenesis and secondary fluid inclusions; Points out eight principles that living to distinguish:the cracks, the microfissure, the grain sizes, the appearance, the even temperature, the distribution, the volumetric efficiency and the host mineral; pointes out the research object also.
On this foundation, the thesis have a synthesizes study aiming at the fluid inclusions of the reservoir, Subei basin, through by the ultraviolet spectrum, the infrared spectrum of and the Raman spectrum for the very first time. The research expresses the ultraviolet spectrum analysis is a new kind of methods that identifies from the saltwater inclusions to the hydrocarbon inclusions:the salt water inclusion without fluorescence but the hydrocarbons with the different fluorescence based on the diverse grade of maturity of the oil/gas; the infrared spectrum analysis shows the different characterizes of the diverse migrated time of the oil and gas, the more low of CH2/CH3is, the more high of oil matured degree; the low temperature Raman spectrum technique analysis results the main salt type of the reservoir is a NaCl and CaCl2.In the meantime, the grain fluorescence index number(GOI) analysis enunciates the difference of the reservoirs that with the different oil/gas display of the Gaoyou basin, and GOI=6%is a divide index sign.
The thesis built up the PVT method for the reservoir fluid inclusions, through the software of FIT get the hydrocarbon compositions of the different matured degree of the hydrocarbon inclusions. The results show the increasing content of CH4with the matured degree of oil/gas in the reservoir which matching the rule of oil/gas evolutionary process.
The thesis for the first time research the oil/gas migrate direction by the concept of streaming potential of fluid inclusion in the oil zone of Shanian and Fumin, Gaoyou basin. The results shows the reducing tendency from southwest to the northeast of the Shanian oil zone about the streaming potential on the whole of the oil/gas accumulation, the Fumin oil zone with the characters of the reducing tendency from the south to the north on the profile and the oil/gas migration with the tendency from south to the north on the whole. Considering the structural system and the fault plugging of the zone, judging the beneficial exploration area.
For the first time, the thesis analyzes the tectonic movement to the Gaoyou sag through by the characters of the fluid inclusions plain(FIP), and discusses the relationships between the tectonic movement and the oil/gas accumulation. Considering the structural feature history, the author makes sure that the deep depression of Funing formation of Gaoyou sag get through fourth tectonic movement which matches the fourth tectonic movement:the WuBao in the end of the Funing formation depression, the ZhenWu in the Dainan formation depression, the SanDuo in the Sanduo formation deoression and the YanCheng in the Yancheng formation depression in proper sequence.
引文
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