PWM&PFM控制感应加热技术研究
摘要
本文从感应加热基本原理出发，概述了感应加热技术的及现状，主要介绍了容性PWM&PFM控制方法在IGBT器件组成的串联逆变感应加热电源中的应用。
第一章主要概述了感应加热的基本原理，以及国内外感应加热技术的发展及现状，并简述了本课题所做研究工作的实际意义和主要内容。
第二章对感应加热电源中的电流型逆变器和电压型逆变器作了比较分析，归纳了串联谐振逆变器几种常用的调功方法，对这几种控制方法的优缺点进行了比较，提出了适用于中小功率感应加热的容性PWM&PFM控制方法。
第三章分析了容性PWM&PFM控制方法电路工作原理，提出了实现开关器件软开关的解决方法，并给出了实用的主电路拓扑。
第四章给出了IGBT器件组成的全桥串联逆变感应加热电源中应用容性PWM&PFM控制方法时电路各元器件参数的设计及计算方法。
第五章给出了实现容性PWM&PFM方法的控制电路和保护电路，介绍了电路原理。
第六章对实验波形进行了分析、通过实验结果验证了容性PWM&PFM控制方法在IGBT组成的串联逆变感应加热电源中应用的可行性。
论文最后，对本课题所做的工作作了一个简单的总结。
First, this paper gives a brief introduction to the basic theory of induction heating and outlines the development and the status of the induction heating technique, and the method of capacitive PWM&PFM control in full-bridge series capacitor compensated resonant induction heating inverter used IGBT is discussed mainly.
Chapter 1 gives a brief introduction to the basic theory of induction heating, then outlines the development and the status of the induction heating technique, and presents the actual meaning of the research and the main content of this paper.
Chapter 2 compares the differences of the current-fed converter and the voltage-fed converter used in induction heating power, then induces the power regulation methods of the series resonant inverter and compares the characteristic of these methods. And then, a capacitive PWM&PFM control method which is suitable for medium and small power out induction heating is given.
Chapter 3 discusses the principle of capacitive PWM&PFM control method and solves the soft switch problem of the converter, gives the main topology of the main circuit.
Chapter 4 presents the design method of IGBT full-bridge voltage-fed series capacitor compensated resonant induction heating inverter used capacitive PWM&PFM control method.
Chapter 5 presents the control circuit of capacitor compensated resonant induction heating inverter used capacitive PWM&PFM control method and introduces the principle of the control circuit.
Chapter 6 analyzes the result of the experiment and verifies the feasibility of the capacitive PWM&PFM control method used in IGBT series resonant inverter of induction heating. At the end of this paper, gives a summation for the whole dissertation.
第一章主要概述了感应加热的基本原理，以及国内外感应加热技术的发展及现状，并简述了本课题所做研究工作的实际意义和主要内容。
第二章对感应加热电源中的电流型逆变器和电压型逆变器作了比较分析，归纳了串联谐振逆变器几种常用的调功方法，对这几种控制方法的优缺点进行了比较，提出了适用于中小功率感应加热的容性PWM&PFM控制方法。
第三章分析了容性PWM&PFM控制方法电路工作原理，提出了实现开关器件软开关的解决方法，并给出了实用的主电路拓扑。
第四章给出了IGBT器件组成的全桥串联逆变感应加热电源中应用容性PWM&PFM控制方法时电路各元器件参数的设计及计算方法。
第五章给出了实现容性PWM&PFM方法的控制电路和保护电路，介绍了电路原理。
第六章对实验波形进行了分析、通过实验结果验证了容性PWM&PFM控制方法在IGBT组成的串联逆变感应加热电源中应用的可行性。
论文最后，对本课题所做的工作作了一个简单的总结。
First, this paper gives a brief introduction to the basic theory of induction heating and outlines the development and the status of the induction heating technique, and the method of capacitive PWM&PFM control in full-bridge series capacitor compensated resonant induction heating inverter used IGBT is discussed mainly.
Chapter 1 gives a brief introduction to the basic theory of induction heating, then outlines the development and the status of the induction heating technique, and presents the actual meaning of the research and the main content of this paper.
Chapter 2 compares the differences of the current-fed converter and the voltage-fed converter used in induction heating power, then induces the power regulation methods of the series resonant inverter and compares the characteristic of these methods. And then, a capacitive PWM&PFM control method which is suitable for medium and small power out induction heating is given.
Chapter 3 discusses the principle of capacitive PWM&PFM control method and solves the soft switch problem of the converter, gives the main topology of the main circuit.
Chapter 4 presents the design method of IGBT full-bridge voltage-fed series capacitor compensated resonant induction heating inverter used capacitive PWM&PFM control method.
Chapter 5 presents the control circuit of capacitor compensated resonant induction heating inverter used capacitive PWM&PFM control method and introduces the principle of the control circuit.
Chapter 6 analyzes the result of the experiment and verifies the feasibility of the capacitive PWM&PFM control method used in IGBT series resonant inverter of induction heating. At the end of this paper, gives a summation for the whole dissertation.
引文
1．林渭勋，可控硅中频电源，机械工业出版社，1983年5月。
2. JOHN DAVIS & PETER SIMPSON, Induction Heating Handbook, published by McGRAW-HILL Book Company(UK) Limited, 1979.
3．杨思俊，朱伯年，晶闸管中频电源基本知识，浙江科学出版社，1989．11．
4. Mario Tama, Development of Channel of Core Type Induction Furnaces, Industrial Heating, October 1974.
5．《可控硅中频技术及其应用》编写组，可控硅中频技术及其应用，电力工业出版社，1981年10月。
6，李恩琪，殷经星，张武城，铸造用感应电炉，机械工业出版社，1997．4．
7．潘天明，现代感应加热装置，冶金工业出版社，1996年。
8. E.J.Dede, J.V. Gonzalez, J.A.Linares, J.Jordan, Diego Ramirez, 25kW/50kHz Generator for Induction Heating, IEEE-Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol.38, No.3, June 1991, p203-209.
9. Mutsui Zosen, High-Power High-Frequency Inverter for Induction Applications, Tech. Rev, (In Japanese), Oct 1990, No. 153, p35-40.
10．潘天明，工频和中频感应炉，冶金工业出版社，1983年8月。
11．林渭勋，电力电子电路，浙江大学出版社，2002年
12．李爱文，张承慧，现代逆变技术及其应用，科学出版社，2000年
13. E.J.Dede, J.Jordan, V. Esteve, J.V. Gonzales, D.Ramirez, Design Considerations for Induction Heating Current Fed Inverters with IGBTs Working at 100kHz, Proceedings of APEC'93, p679-685.
14. Jin-fa Zhang, Qin Pu, Wen-min Hong, Wei-xun Lin, 30kHz/30kW Ultra-Frequency Induction Heating Power Supply Employing IGBT Modules, proceedings of IPEMC'94, p301-306.
15．沈旭，吴兆麟，马骏，李广勇，20kW/300kHz高频感应加热电源的研制，工业加热，1996，No．1，p10，13．
16. S.Ochi, N.Zommer, Driving and Protecting the Latest High Voltage and Current Power MOS and IGBTs. Antonio Braider, Proceedings of IAS'92, p1196-1203.
17. T. Iseki, B.Guo, A.Chibani and M.Nakaoka, New Induction-Heating Hot Water Producer and Streamer Using Voltage-Fed High-Frequency Load-Resonant Inverter, Proceedings of IPEMC'97, p330-337.
18．林渭勋，电力电子技术基础，机械工业出版社，1990年。
19．陈伯时，电力拖动自动控制系统，机械工业出版社，1992年5月。
20．徐炜，软开关相移PWM感应加热技术的研究，浙江大学硕士学位论文，1999
年3月。
21. Francois Forest, Eric Labouré, Francois Costa, Jean Yves. Gaspard, Principle of a Multi-Load/Single Converter System for Low Power Induction Heating, IEEE-Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 15,No.2,March 2000,p223-230.
22. Vadim Chudnovsky, Boris Axelrod, Arich L.shenkman,An approximate Analysis of a Starting Process of a Current Source Parallel Inverter with a High-Q Induction Heating Load, IEEE-Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 12,No.2,March 1999, p294-301.
23. B.Davson, P. Jain, A Comparison of Load Commuted Inverter System Induction Heating and Melting Applications, IEEE-Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol.6, 1991 ,p430-441.
24. J.P. Ferrienx, M.C.Pera-Marion, J.P. Rognon, J.Mins, Power Control of Two Induction Loads Supplied by a Single Generator: Two Solutions, Proc. Euro.Power Electron. Conf. Rec., Vol.2,1995, p379-384.
25. R.Oruganti and F. Lee, State-Plane Analysis of Parallel Resonant Converter, IEEE-PESC REC., 1985, p56-73.
24．肖建立，微机控制晶闸管中频电源的研制，电力电子技术，1999，No．1，p36-38．
25．孔丽，高整流功率因数的恒功率并联谐振中频电源，电力电子技术，1998，No．2，p43-46．
26. Hugo Calleja, Rafael Ordóez, Improved Induction-Heating Inverter with Power Factor Correction, IEEE-PESC'99.
27. Sibylle Dieckerhoff, Michael J.Ryan, Rik W. De Doncker, Design of an IGBT-Based LCL-Resonant Inverter for High-Frequency Induction-Heating,IEEE-PESC'99.
28. K.Mauch, Transistor Inverters for Medium Power Induction Heating Applications, IEEE-lAS, 1986, p555-562.
29. P. Casella, Pham Huu Phut, A.Berthon, High Frequency Current Inverter with Parallel Resonant Load for Induction Heating, EPE 1987, p277-280.
30. H.Dort, G. Birk, G.L.Fischer, Control Mode for Inverters with Resonance Transformation in Induction Heating Applications, Proc. Power Conversion, June 1994, p57-67.
31. G.L.Fischer, H.Dort, An Inverter System for Inductive Tube Welding Utilizing Resonance Transformation, IEEE-IAS, 1994, p833-840.
32．张明明，张东升，用锁相环作晶闸管中频电源的逆变触发电路，电力电子技术，1996，No．2,p55，57．
33．张明勋，电力电子设备设计和应用手册，机械工业出版社，1990年6月。
34. A.Okuno, H.Kawano, J.Sun, M.kurokawa, M.Nakaoka, Feasible Development of Soft-Switched SIT Inverter with Load-Adaptive Frequency-Tracking Control Scheme for Induction Heating, IEEE-Transactions on Industry Applications 1998,p713-718.
35. Y. Uchihori, Y. Kawamura, New Induction Heated Fluid Energy Conversion Processing Appliance Incorporating Auto-Tuning PID Control-Based PWM Resonant IGBT Inverter with Sensorless Power Factor Correction, Proceedings of the Power Electronics Specialists Conference 1994, p1191-1197.
36．刘红艳，中频感应加热负载分析，工业加热，1999年第五期。
37．张立，赵永健，现代电力电子技术，科学出版社，1992年9月。
38．徐晓亮，固态高频感应加热技术研究，浙江大学博士学位论文，1997．4．
39．张仲超，林渭勋，改进型倍频逆变电路的分析和计算，电力电子技术，1991年第2期，p21-24．
40. Fang Zheng Peng, Hirofumi Akagi, Shogo Sugawara, High-Frequency Current-Source Inverters Using SI Thyristor for Induction Heating Applications, IEEE-Transactions on Industrial Applications, Vol.25,No.1,January/Febmary, 1989, p172-180.
41. M.Nakaoka, T. Mnuhashi, T. Koga, S.Sugawara, T.Nishimura, A Phase-Difference Angle Control-Mode PWM High-Frequency Resonant Inverters Using Static Induction-Transistors and -Thyristors, Proc. of IEEE-PESC'87, p674-681.
42．高伯俭，我国工业电炉设备现状及技术发展趋势，工业加热，1996,No．2,p3-8．
43．第一机械工业部情报所，可控硅中频装置译文集，机械工业出版社，1975．
44. Enrique J.Dede, José V. Gonález, Vicente Esteve,José Jordán, Agustin Ferreres, Transistorized Inverters for Induction Heating Applications: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends, Proceedings of IPEMC'97, p746-751.
45. W.E. Frank, C.F. Der, Solid State RF Generator for Induction Heating Applications, Proceedings of IEEE-IAS'82, p939-944.
46．潘航文，诸葛琨，朱伯年，单片微机控制的晶闸管中频电源，电力电子技术，1992年第一期，p27-30．
47．蒋黔麟，顾逸新，晶闸管中频电源并联逆变电路的计算机控制它激启动方法，电力电子技术，1987年第2期，p13-18．
48. Arieh L. Shenkman, Boris Axelrod, Vadim Chudmovsky, A New Simplified Model of the Dynamics of the Current-Fed Parallel Resonant Inverter, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol.47, No.2, April 2000, p282-286.
49．黄俊，电力电子技术基础，机械工业出版社，1990．
50．黄俊，半导体变流技术，机械工业出版社，1985年。
51．欧阳长莲，章宝国，严仰光，全桥变换器中PWM控制与移相控制的比较，电力电子技术，1996，No．8，p83-87．
52．沈庆通，周大振，高效感应加热处理电源的本质和参数的思考，国外金属热处理，1996．8，Vol．17，No．4，p53-58．
53．沈雷，CMOS集成电路原理及应用，光明日报出版社，1986年。
54．电机工程手册编辑委员会，电机工程手册，机械工业出版社，1982年，第6卷。
55．李津福，姜土林等，双闭环中频感应加热电源，工业加热，1995年第6期。
56．俞勇祥，陈辉明，感应加热电源的发展，金属热处理，2000年第8期。
57．徐晓亮，晶闸管串联逆变中频电源的系统研究，浙江大学硕士学位论文，1994年1月。
58. Satani Nagai,Eiji Hiraki,Yasuhiro Arai and Mustuo Nakaoka,New Phase-Shifted Soft-Switching PWM series resonant Inverter Topologies and Their Practical Evaluations. Power Electronics and Drive Systems, 1997. Proceedings., 1997 International Conference on, Volume: 1, 26-29 May 1997
59. Nagai, S.; Michihira, M.; Nakaoka, M.; New phase-shifted soft-switching PWM high-frequency series resonant inverters topologies and their practical evaluations Power Electronics and Variable-Speed Drives, 1994. Fifth International Conference on, 26-28 Oct 1994 .Page(s): 274 -279
60. Grajales, L.; Sabate, J.A.; Wang, K.R.; Tabisz, W.A.; Lee, F.C. Design of a 10 kW, 500 kHz phase-shift controlled series-resonant inverter for induction heating; Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting, 1993., Conference Record of the 1993 IEEE, 2-8 Oct 1993 ,Page(s): 843 -849 vol.2
61. Dede, E.J.; Esteve, V.; Gonzalez, J.V.; Garcia, J.; Lapiedra, L.; Fernandez, M.; Design of a series resonant converter for induction heating Electrotechnical Conference, 1991. Proceedings., 6th Mediterranean , 22-24 May 1991 Page(s): 1384-1387 vol.2
62．吕宏、黄玉水、张仲超 串联谐振单相全桥逆变器常用控制方法的研究 电源技术应用2002第5期：36-38
2. JOHN DAVIS & PETER SIMPSON, Induction Heating Handbook, published by McGRAW-HILL Book Company(UK) Limited, 1979.
3．杨思俊，朱伯年，晶闸管中频电源基本知识，浙江科学出版社，1989．11．
4. Mario Tama, Development of Channel of Core Type Induction Furnaces, Industrial Heating, October 1974.
5．《可控硅中频技术及其应用》编写组，可控硅中频技术及其应用，电力工业出版社，1981年10月。
6，李恩琪，殷经星，张武城，铸造用感应电炉，机械工业出版社，1997．4．
7．潘天明，现代感应加热装置，冶金工业出版社，1996年。
8. E.J.Dede, J.V. Gonzalez, J.A.Linares, J.Jordan, Diego Ramirez, 25kW/50kHz Generator for Induction Heating, IEEE-Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol.38, No.3, June 1991, p203-209.
9. Mutsui Zosen, High-Power High-Frequency Inverter for Induction Applications, Tech. Rev, (In Japanese), Oct 1990, No. 153, p35-40.
10．潘天明，工频和中频感应炉，冶金工业出版社，1983年8月。
11．林渭勋，电力电子电路，浙江大学出版社，2002年
12．李爱文，张承慧，现代逆变技术及其应用，科学出版社，2000年
13. E.J.Dede, J.Jordan, V. Esteve, J.V. Gonzales, D.Ramirez, Design Considerations for Induction Heating Current Fed Inverters with IGBTs Working at 100kHz, Proceedings of APEC'93, p679-685.
14. Jin-fa Zhang, Qin Pu, Wen-min Hong, Wei-xun Lin, 30kHz/30kW Ultra-Frequency Induction Heating Power Supply Employing IGBT Modules, proceedings of IPEMC'94, p301-306.
15．沈旭，吴兆麟，马骏，李广勇，20kW/300kHz高频感应加热电源的研制，工业加热，1996，No．1，p10，13．
16. S.Ochi, N.Zommer, Driving and Protecting the Latest High Voltage and Current Power MOS and IGBTs. Antonio Braider, Proceedings of IAS'92, p1196-1203.
17. T. Iseki, B.Guo, A.Chibani and M.Nakaoka, New Induction-Heating Hot Water Producer and Streamer Using Voltage-Fed High-Frequency Load-Resonant Inverter, Proceedings of IPEMC'97, p330-337.
18．林渭勋，电力电子技术基础，机械工业出版社，1990年。
19．陈伯时，电力拖动自动控制系统，机械工业出版社，1992年5月。
20．徐炜，软开关相移PWM感应加热技术的研究，浙江大学硕士学位论文，1999
年3月。
21. Francois Forest, Eric Labouré, Francois Costa, Jean Yves. Gaspard, Principle of a Multi-Load/Single Converter System for Low Power Induction Heating, IEEE-Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 15,No.2,March 2000,p223-230.
22. Vadim Chudnovsky, Boris Axelrod, Arich L.shenkman,An approximate Analysis of a Starting Process of a Current Source Parallel Inverter with a High-Q Induction Heating Load, IEEE-Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 12,No.2,March 1999, p294-301.
23. B.Davson, P. Jain, A Comparison of Load Commuted Inverter System Induction Heating and Melting Applications, IEEE-Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol.6, 1991 ,p430-441.
24. J.P. Ferrienx, M.C.Pera-Marion, J.P. Rognon, J.Mins, Power Control of Two Induction Loads Supplied by a Single Generator: Two Solutions, Proc. Euro.Power Electron. Conf. Rec., Vol.2,1995, p379-384.
25. R.Oruganti and F. Lee, State-Plane Analysis of Parallel Resonant Converter, IEEE-PESC REC., 1985, p56-73.
24．肖建立，微机控制晶闸管中频电源的研制，电力电子技术，1999，No．1，p36-38．
25．孔丽，高整流功率因数的恒功率并联谐振中频电源，电力电子技术，1998，No．2，p43-46．
26. Hugo Calleja, Rafael Ordóez, Improved Induction-Heating Inverter with Power Factor Correction, IEEE-PESC'99.
27. Sibylle Dieckerhoff, Michael J.Ryan, Rik W. De Doncker, Design of an IGBT-Based LCL-Resonant Inverter for High-Frequency Induction-Heating,IEEE-PESC'99.
28. K.Mauch, Transistor Inverters for Medium Power Induction Heating Applications, IEEE-lAS, 1986, p555-562.
29. P. Casella, Pham Huu Phut, A.Berthon, High Frequency Current Inverter with Parallel Resonant Load for Induction Heating, EPE 1987, p277-280.
30. H.Dort, G. Birk, G.L.Fischer, Control Mode for Inverters with Resonance Transformation in Induction Heating Applications, Proc. Power Conversion, June 1994, p57-67.
31. G.L.Fischer, H.Dort, An Inverter System for Inductive Tube Welding Utilizing Resonance Transformation, IEEE-IAS, 1994, p833-840.
32．张明明，张东升，用锁相环作晶闸管中频电源的逆变触发电路，电力电子技术，1996，No．2,p55，57．
33．张明勋，电力电子设备设计和应用手册，机械工业出版社，1990年6月。
34. A.Okuno, H.Kawano, J.Sun, M.kurokawa, M.Nakaoka, Feasible Development of Soft-Switched SIT Inverter with Load-Adaptive Frequency-Tracking Control Scheme for Induction Heating, IEEE-Transactions on Industry Applications 1998,p713-718.
35. Y. Uchihori, Y. Kawamura, New Induction Heated Fluid Energy Conversion Processing Appliance Incorporating Auto-Tuning PID Control-Based PWM Resonant IGBT Inverter with Sensorless Power Factor Correction, Proceedings of the Power Electronics Specialists Conference 1994, p1191-1197.
36．刘红艳，中频感应加热负载分析，工业加热，1999年第五期。
37．张立，赵永健，现代电力电子技术，科学出版社，1992年9月。
38．徐晓亮，固态高频感应加热技术研究，浙江大学博士学位论文，1997．4．
39．张仲超，林渭勋，改进型倍频逆变电路的分析和计算，电力电子技术，1991年第2期，p21-24．
40. Fang Zheng Peng, Hirofumi Akagi, Shogo Sugawara, High-Frequency Current-Source Inverters Using SI Thyristor for Induction Heating Applications, IEEE-Transactions on Industrial Applications, Vol.25,No.1,January/Febmary, 1989, p172-180.
41. M.Nakaoka, T. Mnuhashi, T. Koga, S.Sugawara, T.Nishimura, A Phase-Difference Angle Control-Mode PWM High-Frequency Resonant Inverters Using Static Induction-Transistors and -Thyristors, Proc. of IEEE-PESC'87, p674-681.
42．高伯俭，我国工业电炉设备现状及技术发展趋势，工业加热，1996,No．2,p3-8．
43．第一机械工业部情报所，可控硅中频装置译文集，机械工业出版社，1975．
44. Enrique J.Dede, José V. Gonález, Vicente Esteve,José Jordán, Agustin Ferreres, Transistorized Inverters for Induction Heating Applications: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends, Proceedings of IPEMC'97, p746-751.
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46．潘航文，诸葛琨，朱伯年，单片微机控制的晶闸管中频电源，电力电子技术，1992年第一期，p27-30．
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