基于RCM的太平哨电厂检修优化
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摘要
本论文结合太平哨水电站设备现状，引入以可靠性为中心的维修分析方法。在对电厂发电系统进行可靠性分析的基础上，利用故障模式后果分析法和逻辑树法对机组的故障进行分析，综合考虑检修费用和故障后果来决定机组的最佳检修方式，以使检修管理更加科学，实现在提高设备可用率的同时，降低维修成本，提高检修的经济效益的目标。
同时，根据RCM的分析，确定机组采用定期检修方式（TBM），但如何确定最佳的检修周期是一个重要问题。本论文改变了以往依据检修规程进行检修的做法，提出了依据运行小时数进行检修的策略。本论文建立了水电机组最优检修间隔模型，以机组在寿命期内的收益最大为目标函数，考虑了电力市场的经济因素和水电机组的约束条件。通过模型求解，求出机组收益随检修间隔变化的曲线，并找出了检修间隔的最优值，对运行现场给出了指导性意见。
The paper take the present state of the unit of Tai Ping shao station into account , introduce the idea of reliability-centered maintenance (RCM) to the station. The idea is based on the analysis of reliability of units, using FMEA and LTA to analyze the falures of the unit , considering the cost of maintenance and the result of failures ascertain the optimal way of maintenance., in order to make the management of maintenance more scientific and realization of the object of making the maintenance more economical.
At the same time , based on the analysis of RCM, the paper ensure the unit should adopt the Time based maintenance .But how to ascertain the cycle of maintenance is a important question . The paper introduce the idea of basing on the running time of the unit to plan the maintenance, not based on the regulations. The paper set up a model of hydro unit maintenance , whose object is the max income in the life period of unit，considering the economic factors of the power market and restrictions of hydro units. By way of calculating the model , get the curve of income and the cycle of unit and the best value, which is helpful to the locale.
同时，根据RCM的分析，确定机组采用定期检修方式（TBM），但如何确定最佳的检修周期是一个重要问题。本论文改变了以往依据检修规程进行检修的做法，提出了依据运行小时数进行检修的策略。本论文建立了水电机组最优检修间隔模型，以机组在寿命期内的收益最大为目标函数，考虑了电力市场的经济因素和水电机组的约束条件。通过模型求解，求出机组收益随检修间隔变化的曲线，并找出了检修间隔的最优值，对运行现场给出了指导性意见。
The paper take the present state of the unit of Tai Ping shao station into account , introduce the idea of reliability-centered maintenance (RCM) to the station. The idea is based on the analysis of reliability of units, using FMEA and LTA to analyze the falures of the unit , considering the cost of maintenance and the result of failures ascertain the optimal way of maintenance., in order to make the management of maintenance more scientific and realization of the object of making the maintenance more economical.
At the same time , based on the analysis of RCM, the paper ensure the unit should adopt the Time based maintenance .But how to ascertain the cycle of maintenance is a important question . The paper introduce the idea of basing on the running time of the unit to plan the maintenance, not based on the regulations. The paper set up a model of hydro unit maintenance , whose object is the max income in the life period of unit，considering the economic factors of the power market and restrictions of hydro units. By way of calculating the model , get the curve of income and the cycle of unit and the best value, which is helpful to the locale.
引文
[1] 于尔铿等，“电力市场”，北京：中国电力出版社，1998
[2] 于尔铿等，“电力市场评述”，中国电力，Vol. 30，No. 4，1997
[3] 赵遵廉，“电力市场运营系统”，北京:中国电力出版社，2000
[4] Ronald T. Anderson and Lewis Neri ,“Reliability-Centered Maintenance”，New York : Elsevier Applied Science，1990
[5] Smith,Athony.m，“Reliability-Centered Maintenance”，Newyork:McGaw -Hill,Inc,1993
[6] Burns, J.W.; Deaton, R.J. "Modernizing a forty-year-old production plant", IEEE Industry Applications Magazine, Vol. 2Issue: 2,1996
[7] 李葆文，“设备管理新思维新模式”，北京：机械工业出版社，1999
[8] J. Endrenyi; S. Aboresheid ,"The present status of maintenance strategies and the impact of maintenance on reliability", IEEE Transactions on Power Systems. (PWRS), vol.16, no.4, 2001
[9] 李葆文，“国外设备管理与检修概论”，广州：华南理工大学出版社，1997
[10] 杨杰，“以可靠性为中心的检修在电力系统中的应用”，山西电力技术，Vol.5, 1997
[11] "RCM Cost-benefit Evaluation", Electric Power Research Institute International report ,January 1992
[12] 黄亚罗，“发电设备状态检修”，北京：中国电力出版社，2000
[13] 林永才，“水电厂机电设备状态检修可行性探讨”，
[14] 江婷，“水电站实行状态检修的工作的探讨”，江西电力，Vol.24,No1，2000
[15] 陈仁，“水电厂实行状态检修制度的探讨”，水利水电学报，No.4，2000
[16] 宾师基，“大功率水轮发电机的可靠性”，水利水电，No. 9，2000
[17] 陈涣成，“太平哨发电厂志”，丹东，1998
[18] 郭永基，“电力系统可靠性原理和应用”，北京：清华大学出版社，1986
[19] 石磊，“以可靠性为中心的维修”，北京：机械工业出版社，1995
[20] E.Borgonovo, M.Marseguerra, E.Zio. A Monte Carlo Methodological approach to plant availability modeling with maintenance ,aging and obsolescence.
Reliability Engineering and System Safety, 2000, 67:61－73
[21] A. Dubi. Analytic approach & Monte Carlo methods for realistic systems analysis. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, 1998,47:243－269
[22] Marorells, Mun oz A.Serradell VS. Age－dependent models for evaluating risks and costs of surveillance and maintenance of components. IEEE Transactions on Reliability ,1996,45:433－441
[23] Jorn Vatn. Maintenance optimization from a decision theoretical point of view. Reliability Engineering and System Safety,1997,58:119－126
[24] 徐钟济. 蒙特卡罗方法.上海：上海科学技术出版社，1985
[25] 方再根. 计算机模拟和蒙特卡罗方法. 北京：北京工业出版社，1988
[26] 全国电力工人技术教育供电委员会，“变电运行岗位技能培训教材（220kV）”,北京：中国电力出版社，1997
[27] 汤成文 ，“面向对象的机组缺陷管理系统”，设备管理与维修，1999，2
[28] 黄国青，“设备管理中的运筹学与模型”，设备管理与维修，1997，2
[29] 马运生,“决策支持系统与智能决策支持系统”，北京：中国纺织出版社，1999
[30] G.B.戴勒斯，“管理信息系统概念基础结构与研制”，哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社，1995
[31] 电力可靠性故管理中心，“电力可靠性简报”（1986－2001），北京
[32] 肖保生，“设备管理系统”，西安：西北工业大学出版社，1997
[2] 于尔铿等，“电力市场评述”，中国电力，Vol. 30，No. 4，1997
[3] 赵遵廉，“电力市场运营系统”，北京:中国电力出版社，2000
[4] Ronald T. Anderson and Lewis Neri ,“Reliability-Centered Maintenance”，New York : Elsevier Applied Science，1990
[5] Smith,Athony.m，“Reliability-Centered Maintenance”，Newyork:McGaw -Hill,Inc,1993
[6] Burns, J.W.; Deaton, R.J. "Modernizing a forty-year-old production plant", IEEE Industry Applications Magazine, Vol. 2Issue: 2,1996
[7] 李葆文，“设备管理新思维新模式”，北京：机械工业出版社，1999
[8] J. Endrenyi; S. Aboresheid ,"The present status of maintenance strategies and the impact of maintenance on reliability", IEEE Transactions on Power Systems. (PWRS), vol.16, no.4, 2001
[9] 李葆文，“国外设备管理与检修概论”，广州：华南理工大学出版社，1997
[10] 杨杰，“以可靠性为中心的检修在电力系统中的应用”，山西电力技术，Vol.5, 1997
[11] "RCM Cost-benefit Evaluation", Electric Power Research Institute International report ,January 1992
[12] 黄亚罗，“发电设备状态检修”，北京：中国电力出版社，2000
[13] 林永才，“水电厂机电设备状态检修可行性探讨”，
[14] 江婷，“水电站实行状态检修的工作的探讨”，江西电力，Vol.24,No1，2000
[15] 陈仁，“水电厂实行状态检修制度的探讨”，水利水电学报，No.4，2000
[16] 宾师基，“大功率水轮发电机的可靠性”，水利水电，No. 9，2000
[17] 陈涣成，“太平哨发电厂志”，丹东，1998
[18] 郭永基，“电力系统可靠性原理和应用”，北京：清华大学出版社，1986
[19] 石磊，“以可靠性为中心的维修”，北京：机械工业出版社，1995
[20] E.Borgonovo, M.Marseguerra, E.Zio. A Monte Carlo Methodological approach to plant availability modeling with maintenance ,aging and obsolescence.
Reliability Engineering and System Safety, 2000, 67:61－73
[21] A. Dubi. Analytic approach & Monte Carlo methods for realistic systems analysis. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, 1998,47:243－269
[22] Marorells, Mun oz A.Serradell VS. Age－dependent models for evaluating risks and costs of surveillance and maintenance of components. IEEE Transactions on Reliability ,1996,45:433－441
[23] Jorn Vatn. Maintenance optimization from a decision theoretical point of view. Reliability Engineering and System Safety,1997,58:119－126
[24] 徐钟济. 蒙特卡罗方法.上海：上海科学技术出版社，1985
[25] 方再根. 计算机模拟和蒙特卡罗方法. 北京：北京工业出版社，1988
[26] 全国电力工人技术教育供电委员会，“变电运行岗位技能培训教材（220kV）”,北京：中国电力出版社，1997
[27] 汤成文 ，“面向对象的机组缺陷管理系统”，设备管理与维修，1999，2
[28] 黄国青，“设备管理中的运筹学与模型”，设备管理与维修，1997，2
[29] 马运生,“决策支持系统与智能决策支持系统”，北京：中国纺织出版社，1999
[30] G.B.戴勒斯，“管理信息系统概念基础结构与研制”，哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社，1995
[31] 电力可靠性故管理中心，“电力可靠性简报”（1986－2001），北京
[32] 肖保生，“设备管理系统”，西安：西北工业大学出版社，1997