农村低压配电网理论线损计算方法研究
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摘要
线损率是表征电力工业经济效益和技术管理水平的综合性指标。准确的线损理论计算为电力部门分析线损构成、制定降损措施提供了依据。
本文首先针对低压配电网结构比较复杂,分支线路多,负荷性质复杂,历史资料不全等特点,对负荷进行合理分类,建立典型负荷曲线,采用了基于模糊聚类分析理论的计算代表日选取方法。随后在对一些配电网理论线损计算方法进行深入研究的基础上,提出了一种适合目前0.4kV低压配电网理论线损计算的“改进等值电阻法”,其基本思想是,考虑了三相不平衡度对低压线损的影响,计算线路损耗时采用实时计算的三相不平衡系数,在“等值电阻法”的基础上改进了低压线路损耗的计算方法。并针对大部分低压配电台区未安装负荷测试仪,无法采集到代表日整点电流数据的特点,提出了一种基于台区负荷分类确定动态三相不平衡度的方法。
最后,基于VC6和SQL server 2000,开发了一套图形化的低压配电网理论线损计算软件。该图形化应用软件具有功能强大、人机界面友好、操作简便,图形效果美观等特点。
The distribution lines loss rate is the comprehensive sign of the industrial economic effectiveness of the power system and technique, manage level. Exact computing of rate of theoretical net loss provides the engineers in power system with data to make out content of lines loss and adopt exact measure to reduce net loss.
The low-distribution networks structure were more complicate, and had many branches, many kinds of loads, historical data were not whole. Based on the characteristic above mentioned, the paper classifies the types of loads and makes up the representative curve of load and pointed out a choosing representative day method based on fuzzy clustering theory. Subsequently, the paper pointed out a method—improved equal electric resistance method. The basic thought of 0.4kV lower distribution lines is using to replace the power energy of 10kV distribution lines with power energy of the distribution transformer and to replace capacity of distribution transformer with power device capacity of user to calculate distribution lines equal resistance.
In addition, considering the unbalance in three phrases of main line, the paper adopts the real-time value of unbalance in three phrases to compute lines loss and pointed out the concept-real-time unbalance in three phrases coefficient. Computing of lines loss in low-voltage network is more improved based on method of improved equal electric resistance method. Due to mostly low-voltage network is lack of current date in the representative day. So the paper brings forward a method that is calculating dynamic value of unbalance in three phrases based on load classification.
Finally, with VC6.0 and SQL server 2000, a graphical low-voltage network theoretical line loss calculation software is developed. This software has characteristics of strong function, good human-computer interaction interface, convenient operation, beautiful graphical effect.
本文首先针对低压配电网结构比较复杂,分支线路多,负荷性质复杂,历史资料不全等特点,对负荷进行合理分类,建立典型负荷曲线,采用了基于模糊聚类分析理论的计算代表日选取方法。随后在对一些配电网理论线损计算方法进行深入研究的基础上,提出了一种适合目前0.4kV低压配电网理论线损计算的“改进等值电阻法”,其基本思想是,考虑了三相不平衡度对低压线损的影响,计算线路损耗时采用实时计算的三相不平衡系数,在“等值电阻法”的基础上改进了低压线路损耗的计算方法。并针对大部分低压配电台区未安装负荷测试仪,无法采集到代表日整点电流数据的特点,提出了一种基于台区负荷分类确定动态三相不平衡度的方法。
最后,基于VC6和SQL server 2000,开发了一套图形化的低压配电网理论线损计算软件。该图形化应用软件具有功能强大、人机界面友好、操作简便,图形效果美观等特点。
The distribution lines loss rate is the comprehensive sign of the industrial economic effectiveness of the power system and technique, manage level. Exact computing of rate of theoretical net loss provides the engineers in power system with data to make out content of lines loss and adopt exact measure to reduce net loss.
The low-distribution networks structure were more complicate, and had many branches, many kinds of loads, historical data were not whole. Based on the characteristic above mentioned, the paper classifies the types of loads and makes up the representative curve of load and pointed out a choosing representative day method based on fuzzy clustering theory. Subsequently, the paper pointed out a method—improved equal electric resistance method. The basic thought of 0.4kV lower distribution lines is using to replace the power energy of 10kV distribution lines with power energy of the distribution transformer and to replace capacity of distribution transformer with power device capacity of user to calculate distribution lines equal resistance.
In addition, considering the unbalance in three phrases of main line, the paper adopts the real-time value of unbalance in three phrases to compute lines loss and pointed out the concept-real-time unbalance in three phrases coefficient. Computing of lines loss in low-voltage network is more improved based on method of improved equal electric resistance method. Due to mostly low-voltage network is lack of current date in the representative day. So the paper brings forward a method that is calculating dynamic value of unbalance in three phrases based on load classification.
Finally, with VC6.0 and SQL server 2000, a graphical low-voltage network theoretical line loss calculation software is developed. This software has characteristics of strong function, good human-computer interaction interface, convenient operation, beautiful graphical effect.
引文
[1]杨秀台.电力网线损的理论计算和分析[M].北京:水利水电出版社,1985
[2]吴安官,倪保珊.电力系统线损[M].北京:中国电力出版社,1996
[3]廖学琦.农网线损计算分析与降损措施[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2003
[4]姜宁,王春宁,董其国.线损与节电技术问答[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2005
[5]虞忠年,陈星莺,刘昊.电力网电能损耗[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2000
[6]朱继周.应用均方根电流法计算线损及误差分析[J].农村电工,1998(9):1-3
[7]王混,刘丽平.10kV线损理论计算方法的误差分析[J].电力学报,2002年,17(4):2-3
[8]李一红,伍国萍.0.4kV低压网理论线损计算方法的比较与探讨[J].广东输电与变电技术研究.1999,32(2):38-40
[9]侯其锋,许跃进.低压线损计算的“改进竹节法”[J].农村电气化.2005(4):30-31
[10]刘成祥.低压线损理论计算及低压改造效益分析计算方法的探讨[J].农村电气化.2000(2):29
[11]黄小耘.理论线损计算中的负荷模型.中国电力,1998,31(9):29-30
[12]温步瀛,陈冲.改进最大电流法的配电网损耗计算[J].福建工程学院学报,2004,2(3):1-3
[13]陈海涵等.等值电阻法计算配电网损耗的理论和实践.广东电力.2004,17(3):5-8
[14]郜俊琴.三相不平衡线路的线损分析[J].电力学报,2001,16(2):92-93
[15]陈复忠.三相负荷不平衡对低压线损的影响[J].农村电工,2005(5):36
[16]蔡树锦.三相负荷不平衡对线损的影响[J].农村电气化,2004(4):23-24
[17]谢彦宏.三相电流不对称引起的附加线损与降损措施[J].安徽教育学院学报,2006,24(3):24-27
[18]谭劲.三相不平衡运行附加线损的定量分析及降低[J].曲靖师范学院学报,2005,24(6):74-77
[19]郝群惠,宋子强,孙守海.不平衡负荷对馈线和变压器三相电压的影响[J].安徽电气工程职业技术学院学报刊,2005,10(3):14-17
[20]何文旭.配电网三相不平衡运行对线损的影响[J].重庆电力高等专科学校学报,2006,11(2):5-7
[21]高慧.配电网的网损计算与降损措施分析[J].农村电力,2005,22(1):54-57
[22]Joanicjusz Nazarko,Zbigniew Styczyski,Miroslaw Poplawski.The fuzzy approach distribution to energy losses calculations in low networks.IEEE Power Engineering Society voltage Winter Meeting,2000:2763-2768
[23]Mentor Povda.A New Method to calculate Power Distribution Losses in an Environment of High Unregistered Loads.IEEE Transmission and Distribution Conference,1999:1537-1520
[24]Levitin G,kalyuzhny A,ShenkmanA,etal.Optimal capacitor Allocation in Distribution Systems Using a Genetic Algorithm and a Fast Energy Loss Computation Technique.IEEE Power Delivery Transactions,2000,15(2):623-628
[25]Zhang Zuping,Fan Mingtain,Liu Liping.A study of the Target Prediction of Line Loss Rate based on Probability and Statistics Method for Radial Distribution System.IEEE Trans on Power System,1998:928-934
[26]Wu Xiaomeng,Liu Jian,Yu Jianming.An improved approach to theoretical losses analysis of oil field distribution networks.2006 International Conference on Power System Technology,2006:1-6
[27]黄小耘.理论线损计算中的负荷模型[J].中国电力,1998,31(9):29-30
[28]陈迎.利用牛顿法潮流计算程序计算配电网线损[J].水利科技,2001(4)
[29]Ma Jin,Xu Jianyuan,Wang Shenghui,Lin Xin.Calculation and Analysis for line losses in Distribution Networks.IEEE Power Delivery Transactions,2002:2537-3541
[30]S.Abdelkader.Efficient computation algorithm for calculating load contributions to line flows and losses.IEEE Proc.-Gener.Transm.Distrib.,2006,153(4):391-398
[31]马瑾,徐建源,王胜辉.配电网的线损计算与分析[J].东北电力技术,2003(1):15-18
[32]鄢长春等.配电网网损计算新方法的研究[J].中国电力,1999,32(2):38-40
[33]丁心海等.配电网线损理论计算的实用方法——改进迭代法[J].电网技术,2000,24(1):39-42
[34]刘洋.前推回代法计算理论线损研究[J].黑龙江电力,2005,27(4):275-277
[35]文福拴,韩祯祥.基于分群算法和人工神经元网络的配电网线损计算[J].中国电机工程学报,1993,13(3):41-50.
[36]辛开远,杨玉华,陈富.计算配电网线损的GA与BP结合的新方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(2):79-82.
[37]文福拴,韩祯祥.联合采用Kohonen模型和BP模型的配电网线损计算[J].电工技术学报,1993,(3):16-20.
[38]姚向华.基于人工神经网络的电力线路损耗计算.电力系统及其自动化学报,2001,13(5):23-25
[39]姜惠兰.基于动态聚类算法径向基函数网络的配电网线损计算.中国电机工程学报,2005,2(10):35-39
[40]韩富春等.人工神经网络在电力系统网损计算中的应用.太原理工大学学报,2004,35(4):664-666
[41]袁慧梅等.用遗传算法辅助设计的人工神经网络计算配电网线损.电网技术,1998,22(12):17-19
[42]T.-H.Chen.Evaluation of line loss under load unbalance using the complex unbalance factor.IEEE Proc.-Gener.Transm.Distrih.,1995,142(2):173-178
[43]Feng Guihong,Zeng Jianbin,Gong Shuqiu,Zhang Bingyi.Line Losses Analysis and Management System of Distribution Networks Based on Local Area Network.2005 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference & Exhibition::Asia and Pacific Dalian,,China:1-4
[44]D.Soclnomdorj,Ch.Zunduisuren,,Sh.Gantum,D.Gandorj,N.jigjidsuren,S.Uugarlbayar.Result of calculation for the energy losses of 6-0.4 kV electrical network in the Erdenet factory.IEEE Electric Power Engineering,2005:393-395
[45]康博创作室.Visual C++6.0程序设计自学教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1999
[46]求是科技.Visual C++6.0数据库开发技术与工程实践[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2004
[47]李昭原.数据库原理与应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1999
[2]吴安官,倪保珊.电力系统线损[M].北京:中国电力出版社,1996
[3]廖学琦.农网线损计算分析与降损措施[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2003
[4]姜宁,王春宁,董其国.线损与节电技术问答[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2005
[5]虞忠年,陈星莺,刘昊.电力网电能损耗[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2000
[6]朱继周.应用均方根电流法计算线损及误差分析[J].农村电工,1998(9):1-3
[7]王混,刘丽平.10kV线损理论计算方法的误差分析[J].电力学报,2002年,17(4):2-3
[8]李一红,伍国萍.0.4kV低压网理论线损计算方法的比较与探讨[J].广东输电与变电技术研究.1999,32(2):38-40
[9]侯其锋,许跃进.低压线损计算的“改进竹节法”[J].农村电气化.2005(4):30-31
[10]刘成祥.低压线损理论计算及低压改造效益分析计算方法的探讨[J].农村电气化.2000(2):29
[11]黄小耘.理论线损计算中的负荷模型.中国电力,1998,31(9):29-30
[12]温步瀛,陈冲.改进最大电流法的配电网损耗计算[J].福建工程学院学报,2004,2(3):1-3
[13]陈海涵等.等值电阻法计算配电网损耗的理论和实践.广东电力.2004,17(3):5-8
[14]郜俊琴.三相不平衡线路的线损分析[J].电力学报,2001,16(2):92-93
[15]陈复忠.三相负荷不平衡对低压线损的影响[J].农村电工,2005(5):36
[16]蔡树锦.三相负荷不平衡对线损的影响[J].农村电气化,2004(4):23-24
[17]谢彦宏.三相电流不对称引起的附加线损与降损措施[J].安徽教育学院学报,2006,24(3):24-27
[18]谭劲.三相不平衡运行附加线损的定量分析及降低[J].曲靖师范学院学报,2005,24(6):74-77
[19]郝群惠,宋子强,孙守海.不平衡负荷对馈线和变压器三相电压的影响[J].安徽电气工程职业技术学院学报刊,2005,10(3):14-17
[20]何文旭.配电网三相不平衡运行对线损的影响[J].重庆电力高等专科学校学报,2006,11(2):5-7
[21]高慧.配电网的网损计算与降损措施分析[J].农村电力,2005,22(1):54-57
[22]Joanicjusz Nazarko,Zbigniew Styczyski,Miroslaw Poplawski.The fuzzy approach distribution to energy losses calculations in low networks.IEEE Power Engineering Society voltage Winter Meeting,2000:2763-2768
[23]Mentor Povda.A New Method to calculate Power Distribution Losses in an Environment of High Unregistered Loads.IEEE Transmission and Distribution Conference,1999:1537-1520
[24]Levitin G,kalyuzhny A,ShenkmanA,etal.Optimal capacitor Allocation in Distribution Systems Using a Genetic Algorithm and a Fast Energy Loss Computation Technique.IEEE Power Delivery Transactions,2000,15(2):623-628
[25]Zhang Zuping,Fan Mingtain,Liu Liping.A study of the Target Prediction of Line Loss Rate based on Probability and Statistics Method for Radial Distribution System.IEEE Trans on Power System,1998:928-934
[26]Wu Xiaomeng,Liu Jian,Yu Jianming.An improved approach to theoretical losses analysis of oil field distribution networks.2006 International Conference on Power System Technology,2006:1-6
[27]黄小耘.理论线损计算中的负荷模型[J].中国电力,1998,31(9):29-30
[28]陈迎.利用牛顿法潮流计算程序计算配电网线损[J].水利科技,2001(4)
[29]Ma Jin,Xu Jianyuan,Wang Shenghui,Lin Xin.Calculation and Analysis for line losses in Distribution Networks.IEEE Power Delivery Transactions,2002:2537-3541
[30]S.Abdelkader.Efficient computation algorithm for calculating load contributions to line flows and losses.IEEE Proc.-Gener.Transm.Distrib.,2006,153(4):391-398
[31]马瑾,徐建源,王胜辉.配电网的线损计算与分析[J].东北电力技术,2003(1):15-18
[32]鄢长春等.配电网网损计算新方法的研究[J].中国电力,1999,32(2):38-40
[33]丁心海等.配电网线损理论计算的实用方法——改进迭代法[J].电网技术,2000,24(1):39-42
[34]刘洋.前推回代法计算理论线损研究[J].黑龙江电力,2005,27(4):275-277
[35]文福拴,韩祯祥.基于分群算法和人工神经元网络的配电网线损计算[J].中国电机工程学报,1993,13(3):41-50.
[36]辛开远,杨玉华,陈富.计算配电网线损的GA与BP结合的新方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(2):79-82.
[37]文福拴,韩祯祥.联合采用Kohonen模型和BP模型的配电网线损计算[J].电工技术学报,1993,(3):16-20.
[38]姚向华.基于人工神经网络的电力线路损耗计算.电力系统及其自动化学报,2001,13(5):23-25
[39]姜惠兰.基于动态聚类算法径向基函数网络的配电网线损计算.中国电机工程学报,2005,2(10):35-39
[40]韩富春等.人工神经网络在电力系统网损计算中的应用.太原理工大学学报,2004,35(4):664-666
[41]袁慧梅等.用遗传算法辅助设计的人工神经网络计算配电网线损.电网技术,1998,22(12):17-19
[42]T.-H.Chen.Evaluation of line loss under load unbalance using the complex unbalance factor.IEEE Proc.-Gener.Transm.Distrih.,1995,142(2):173-178
[43]Feng Guihong,Zeng Jianbin,Gong Shuqiu,Zhang Bingyi.Line Losses Analysis and Management System of Distribution Networks Based on Local Area Network.2005 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference & Exhibition::Asia and Pacific Dalian,,China:1-4
[44]D.Soclnomdorj,Ch.Zunduisuren,,Sh.Gantum,D.Gandorj,N.jigjidsuren,S.Uugarlbayar.Result of calculation for the energy losses of 6-0.4 kV electrical network in the Erdenet factory.IEEE Electric Power Engineering,2005:393-395
[45]康博创作室.Visual C++6.0程序设计自学教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1999
[46]求是科技.Visual C++6.0数据库开发技术与工程实践[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2004
[47]李昭原.数据库原理与应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1999